10<\/strong>. “The day of the Lord is darkness, and not light,” Amo 5:18<\/span>.<\/p>\n the constellations thereof<\/em> ] The Heb. word ( ksl<\/em>) is used in the singular in Amo 5:8<\/span>; Job 9:9<\/span>; Job 38:31<\/span>, of a particular constellation, probably Orion (but according to another tradition, the star Canopus). Its meaning, ‘fool’ or ‘foolhardy rebel,’ seems to point to some legend of a Titan chained to the sky for his defiance of the gods (Job 38:31<\/span>). In the plural (“the Orions”) it denotes here Orion and other constellations that vie with it in brilliancy.<\/p>\n For the stars of heaven – <\/B>This verse cannot be understood literally, but is a metaphorical representation of the calamities that were coming upon Babylon The meaning of the figure evidently is, that those calamities would be such as would be appropriately denoted by the sudden extinguishment of the stars, the sun, and the moon. As nothing would tend more to anarchy, distress, and ruin, than thus to have all the lights of heaven suddenly and forever quenched, this was an apt and forcible representation of the awful calamities that were coming upon the people. Darkness and night, in the Scriptures, are often the emblem of calamity and distress (see the note at Mat 24:29<\/span>). The revolutions and destructions of kingdoms and nations are often represented in the Scriptures under this image. So respecting the destruction of Idumea Isa 34:4<\/span> :<\/P> And all the hosts of heaven shall be dissolved,<\/P> And the heavens shall be rolled together as a scroll;<\/P> And all their host shall fall down,<\/P> As the leaf falleth from off the vine,<\/P> And as a falling fig from the fig-tree.<\/P> So in Eze 32:7-8<\/span>, in a prophecy respecting the destruction of Pharaoh, king of Egypt:<\/P> And when I shall put time out,<\/P> I will cover the heavens, and make the stoa thereof dark,<\/P> I will cover the sun with a cloud,<\/P> And the moon shall not give her light.<\/P> And the bright lights of heaven will I make dark over thee.<\/P> And set darkness upon thy land.<\/P> (Compare Joe 2:10<\/span>; Joe 3:15-16<\/span>.) Thus in Amo 8:9<\/span> :<\/P> I will cause the sun to go down at noon,<\/P> And I will darken the earth in a clear day.<\/P> See also Rev 6:12-14<\/span> :<\/P> And I beheld when he had opened the sixth seal, and lo,<\/P> The sun became black as sackcloth of hair,<\/P> And the moon became as blood;<\/P> And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth,<\/P> Even as a fig-tree casteth her untimely figs<\/P> When she is shaken of a mighty wind:<\/P> And the heaven deputed as a scroll when it is rolled together.<\/P> Many have supposed that these expressions respecting the sun, moon, and stars, refer to kings, and princes, and magistrates, as the lights of the state; and that the sense is, that their power arid glory should cease. But it is rather a figurative representation, denoting calamity in general, and describing a state of extreme distress, such as would be if all the lights of heaven should suddenly become extinct.<\/P> And the constellations thereof – <\/B>(<\/span> uksyleyhem<\/I>). The word (<\/span> k<\/I>e<\/I><\/SUP>syl<\/I>) means properly a fool; Pro 1:32<\/span>; Pro 10:1<\/span>, Pro 10:18<\/span>; Pro 13:19-20<\/span>, et al. It also denotes hope, confidence, expectation Job 31:24<\/span>; Pro 3:26<\/span>; Job 8:14<\/span>; also the reins, the flanks or loins Lev 3:4<\/span>, Lev 3:10<\/span>, Lev 3:15<\/span>; Psa 38:7<\/span>. It is also, as here, applied to a constellation in the heavens, but the connection of this meaning of the word with the other significations is uncertain. In Job 9:9<\/span>; Job 38:31<\/span>, it is translated Orion. In Amo 5:8<\/span>, it is translated the seven stars – the Pleiades. In Arabic, that constellation is called the giant. According to an Eastern tradition, it was Nimrod, the founder of Babylon, afterward translated to the skies; and it has been supposed that the name the impious or foolish one was thus given to the deified Nimrod, and thus to the constellation. The rabbis interpret it Simis. The word constellations denotes clusters of stars, or stars that appear to be near to each other in the heavens, and which, on the celestial globe, are reduced to certain figures for the convenience of classification and memory, as the bear, the bull, the virgin, the balance. This arrangement was early made, and there is no reason to doubt that it existed in the time of Isaiah (compare the notes at Job 9:9<\/span>).<\/P> <\/p>\n Verse 10<\/span>. For the stars of heaven<\/B><\/I> – “Yea, the stars of heaven”] The Hebrew poets, to express happiness, prosperity, the instauration and advancement of states, kingdoms, and potentates, make use of images taken from the most striking parts of nature, from the heavenly bodies, from the sun, moon, and stars: which they describe as shining with increased splendour, and never setting. The moon becomes like the meridian sun, and the sun’s light is augmented sevenfold; (see Isa 30:26<\/span>\ud83d\ude09 new heavens and a new earth are created, and a brighter age commences. On the contrary, the overflow and destruction of kingdoms is represented by opposite images. The stars are obscured, the moon withdraws her light, and the sun shines no more! The earth quakes, and the heavens tremble; and all things seem tending to their original chaos, See Joe 2:10<\/span>; Joe 3:15-16<\/span>; Am 8:9<\/span>; Mt 24:29<\/span>; and De S. Poes. Herb. Prael. VI. et IX.<\/P> <\/P> And the moon shall not cause her light to shine<\/B><\/I>] This in its farther reference may belong to the Jewish polity, both in Church and state, which should be totally eclipsed, and perhaps shine no more in its distinct state for ever.<\/P> <\/p>\n The constellations; <\/B>which consist of many stars, and therefore give a greater light. <\/P> The sun shall be darkened; <\/B>either, <\/P> 1. Properly and really, by an eclipse; for prodigies in heaven do sometimes go before or accompany great and public calamities upon earth. Or, <\/P> 2. Figuratively, and in appearance. All things shall look darkly and dismally; men shall have no comfort nor hope. See the like descriptions of a most calamitous state, Isa 5:30<\/span>; 34:4<\/span>; Joe 2:10<\/span>,31<\/span>, &c. <\/P> In his going forth; <\/B>as soon as he riseth, when he is most welcome to men, and giveth them hopes of a pleasant day. As soon as they have any appearance or hope of amendment, they shall be instantly disappointed. <\/P> <\/p>\n 10. stars,<\/B> c.figuratively foranarchy, distress,<\/I> and revolutions<\/I> of kingdoms (Isa 34:4<\/span>Joe 2:10<\/span>; Eze 32:7<\/span>;Eze 32:8<\/span>; Amo 8:9<\/span>;Rev 6:12-14<\/span>). There may be aliteral<\/I> fulfilment finally,<\/I> shadowed forth under thisimagery (Re 21:1<\/span>). <\/P> constellations<\/B>Hebrew,<\/I>“a fool,” or “impious one”; applied to theconstellation Orion,<\/I> which was represented as an impious giant(Nimrod deified, the founder of Babylon) chained to the sky. See onJob 38:31<\/span>.<\/P><\/p>\n For the stars of heaven<\/strong>,…. This and what follows are to be understood, not literally, but figuratively, as expressive of the dismalness and gloominess of the dispensation, of the horror and terror of it, in which there was no light, no comfort, no relief, nor any hope of any; the heavens and all the celestial bodies frowning upon them, declaring the displeasure of him that dwells there:<\/p>\n and the constellations thereof shall not give their light<\/strong>; which are assemblages of stars, or certain configurations of the heavenly bodies, devised by the ancients; to which each of the names are given for the help of the imagination and memory; the number of them are forty eight, twelve in the Zodiac, twenty one on the northern side of it, and fifteen on the southern. R. Jonah, mentioned both by Aben Ezra and Kimchi, says that “Cesil”, the word here used, is a large star, called in the Arabic language “Suel”, and the stars that are joined unto it are called by its name “Cesilim”; so that, according to this, only one constellation is meant; and Aben Ezra observes, that there are some that say that Cesil is a star near to the south pole, on which, if camels look, they die; but, says he, in my opinion it is “the scorpion’s heart”. Jerom’s Hebrew master interpreted it to him Arcturus; and it is in Job 9:9<\/span> rendered Orion, and by the Septuagint here; which is one of the constellations, and one of the brightest; and the word being here in the plural number, the sense may be, were there ever so many Orions in the heavens, they should none of them give light. The Targum and Jarchi interpret it of the planets:<\/p>\n the sun shall be darkened in his going forth<\/strong>; as soon as it rises, when it goes forth out of its chamber, as in Ps 19:5<\/span> either by an eclipse of it, or by dark clouds covering it:<\/p>\n and the moon shall not cause her light to shine<\/strong>: by night, which she borrows from the sun; so that it would be very uncomfortable, day and night, neither sun, moon, nor stars appearing, see Ac 27:20<\/span> by the sun, moon, and stars, may be meant king, queen, and nobles, whose destruction is here prophesied of; it being usual in prophetic language, as well as in other writers f, to express great personages hereby.<\/p>\n f “Solem Asiae Brutum appellat, stellasque salubres appellat comites”, Hor. Serm. 1. Satyr. 7.<\/p>\n 10. For the stars of heaven. In order to strike our minds with a stronger and more distressing fear of the judgment of God, the prophets are accustomed to add to their threatenings extravagant modes of speaking, which place the anger of God, as it were, before their eyes, and affect all our senses, as if all the elements were now arising to execute his vengeance. And yet the expressions, though unusually strong, do not go beyond the dreadful nature of what took place; for it is impossible to exhibit an image of the judgment of God so alarming that the reality shall not be felt to be more revolting and terrible. <\/p>\n The sun, and the moon, and the stars are mentioned, because they are striking proofs of God’s fatherly kindness towards us. Hence also Christ shows that it is an eminent proof of the goodness of God that <\/p>\n he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good. (Mat 5:45<\/span>.) <\/p>\n Accordingly, when the sun and moon and stars shine in heaven, God may be said to cheer us by his bright and gracious countenance. Since therefore in the brightness of heaven God shows a cheerful and friendly countenance, as if he might be said to smile upon us, the darkness which the Prophet describes conveys the thought, that God, by hiding his face, cast the men with whom he was angry into the darkness of sorrow. <\/p>\n A similar description is given by the Prophet Joel. <\/p>\n The sun shall be turned into darkness, the moon into blood, before it comes — the day of Jehovah, great and terrible. (Joe 2:31<\/span>.) <\/p>\n We have already said that this mode of expression is frequently employed by the prophets, in order to inform us that everything will tend to our destruction, when God is against us. Sometimes indeed God gives tokens of his anger by means of the stars; but that is out of the usual course of events, and the darkness which the Prophet now describes will not take place till the second coming of Christ. But we ought to be satisfied with knowing that all the creatures, which by discharging their duties to us are proofs and instruments of God’s fatherly kindness, not only cease to be useful to us, when God arises to judgment, but in some measure are armed for vengeance. <\/p>\n (10) The constellations thereof.<\/strong>The noun in the singular (kesl, <\/em>foolhardy, or impious) is translated as Orion in Job. 9:9<\/span>; Amo. 5:8<\/span>. It is significant, as pointing to some widely-diffused legend, that the Persian name for the constellation is Nimrod <\/em>and the Arabian Giant. <\/em>In Greek mythology Orion is a giant hunter, conspicuous for acts of outrage against the gods, and finally slain by Zeus. It is obvious that the words in their first application had a figurative, and not a literal, fulfilment. Such imagery has been at all times the natural symbolism of a time of terror (Joe. 2:31<\/span>; Joe. 3:15<\/span>; Mat. 24:29<\/span>; Mar. 13:24<\/span>; Luk. 21:25<\/span>).<\/p>\n Isa 13:10 For the stars of heaven and the constellations thereof shall not give their light: the sun shall be darkened in his going forth, and the moon shall not cause her light to shine.<\/p>\n Ver. 10. For the stars of heaven shall not give their light.<\/strong> ] a<\/em> They shall have punishment without pity, misery without mercy, sorrow without help, mischief without measure, crying without comfort, &c., and all this shall be but a typical hell to them, a foretaste of eternal torments. <\/p>\n <\/p>\n The constellations thereof.<\/strong> ] Which yet some interpreters take for some single and signal star, magnam lucem magnae sequuntur tenebrae.<\/em> <\/p>\n <\/p>\n The sun shall be darkened.<\/strong> ] They shall neither have good day nor good night. <\/p>\n<\/p>\n a<\/em> Est hyperbole et hypollage.<\/em> <\/p>\n shall not give their light. Quoted in Mat 24:29. Shall not celebrate [Thee]. Compare Psa 19:1-3; Psa 145:10. Hebrew. halel.<\/p>\n Occurs twice in “former” portion (here and in Isa 38:18 “celebrate”) and four times in “latter” portion (Isa 41:16; Isa 45:25, “glory”; Isa 62:9; Isa 64:11, “praise”) See App-79. <\/p>\n Isa 5:30, Isa 24:21, Isa 24:23, Eze 32:7, Eze 32:8, Joe 2:10, Joe 2:31, Joe 3:15, Amo 8:9, Amo 8:10, Zep 1:15, Zep 1:16, Mat 24:29, Mar 13:24, Luk 21:25, Rev 6:12-14, Rev 8:12 <\/p>\n Reciprocal: Gen 1:16 – to rule Job 9:7 – sealeth Isa 14:12 – How art thou fallen Isa 34:4 – all the Jer 4:23 – the heavens Jer 51:3 – spare Eze 30:18 – the day Amo 5:20 – darkness<\/p>\n 13:10 For the {h} stars of heaven and its constellations shall not give their light: the sun shall be darkened in his going forth, and the moon shall not cause her light to shine.<\/p>\n (h) They who are overcome will think that all the powers of heaven and earth are against them, Eze 32:7, Joe 3:15, Mat 24:29 .<\/p>\n For the stars of heaven and the constellations thereof shall not give their light: the sun shall be darkened in his going forth, and the moon shall not cause her light to shine. 10. “The day of the Lord is darkness, and not light,” Amo 5:18. the constellations thereof ] The Heb. word ( ksl) … Continue reading “Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Isaiah 13:10”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-commentary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17927"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17927\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible <\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Geneva Bible Notes<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"