16<\/strong>. By the multitude<\/em> ] Or, in the multitude.<\/p>\n they have filled<\/em> ] Or, thy midst<\/strong> (heart) was filled with wrong, and thou didst sin.<\/strong> LXX., thou didst fill.<\/p>\n therefore I will cast<\/em> ] therefore have I cast.<\/strong> The destruction of the prince is described as completed, lit. therefore have I profaned thee (casting thee) out of the mountain.<\/p>\n and I will destroy thee<\/em> ] More probably: and the<\/strong> (covering) cherub hath destroyed thee<\/strong> (driving thee) from the midst of the stones of fire.<\/strong> The construction as 1st pers. I have destroyed<\/em> is possible, but quite improbable. The cherub is rather regarded as active in the expulsion from Paradise; in Gen 3:24<\/span>, he is represented as barring the return of those whom God had expelled.<\/p>\n With the words wanting in LXX. put in square brackets the verses would read: “Thou art the (a) seal of symmetry, [full of wisdom], and the perfection of beauty. 13 Thou wast in Eden the garden of God; every precious stone was thy covering, the sardius, the topaz and the diamond, the beryl, the onyx and the jaspar, the sapphire, the carbuncle and the emerald; and gold was the workmanship of thy sockets and grooves in thee in the day that thou wast created” [they were prepared]. Or, drawing the last words to the beginning of Eze 28:14<\/em><\/span>. 14<\/span> “In the day that thou wast created I set thee with the [outspread, the covering] cherub, thou wast in the holy mountain of God, in the midst of the stones of fire [thou didst walk]. 15 Thou wast perfect in thy ways from the day that thou wast created, till iniquity was found in thee. 16 In the multitude of thy traffic thy midst was filled with wrong [LXX. thou didst fill], and thou didst sin: therefore I have profaned thee (and cast thee) from the mountain of God; and the [covering] cherub hath destroyed thee (driving thee) from the midst of the stones of fire.”<\/p>\n Verse 16<\/span>. I will cast thee as profane<\/B><\/I>] Thou shalt be cast down from thine eminence.<\/P> <\/P> From the midst of the stones of fire.<\/B><\/I>] Some, supposing that stones of fire<\/I> means the stars<\/I>, have thought that the whole refers to the fall of Satan<\/I>.<\/P> <\/p>\n By the multitude; <\/B>by, or in, or according to (as the Gallic version) the multitude or greatness of thy trading: in Tyre were merchants that traded in very great adventures, with vast stocks, and in mighty cargoes. <\/P> With violence; <\/B>thy merchants have by craft, where that would, and by violence where craft would not, compassed their unjust designs, as noted, Eze 27:36<\/span>. This injustice and violence grew as their trade did, and filled the city with guilt as fast as that did with wealth. <\/P> Thou hast sinned:<\/B> either as one trading among them, thou hast violated justice to promote thine own and their gain, or hast connived at thy merchants when they oppressed all they could; or hast, contrary to justice and equity, supported them in their violence, and judged for them against oppressed strangers. Thou who weft a king, and wouldst be thought a god, is this like to God, who hates violence, loves justice, relieveth the stranger, and righteth the oppressed? <\/P> I will cast thee out:<\/B> these abominable things hast thou done, and now, as an abominable thing, I will throw thee out, either of thy throne and kingly dignity, see Eze 28:14<\/span>, or thy fancied and imagined heaven, where thou wouldst be a god, for such gods of violence and injustice deserve to be cast out with the aspiring angels. <\/P> Destroy thee; <\/B>utterly destroy. <\/P> O covering cherub:<\/B> see Eze 28:14<\/span>. <\/P> <\/p>\n 16. filled the midst of thee<\/B>thatis, they have filled the midst of the city;<\/I> he as the head ofthe state being involved in the guilt of the state, which he did notcheck, but fostered. <\/P> cast thee as profane<\/B>nolonger treated as sacred, but driven out of the place of sanctity(see Eze 28:14<\/span>) which thouhast occupied (compare Ps 89:39<\/span>).<\/P><\/p>\n By the multitude of thy merchandise<\/strong>,…. With the several nations of the earth, who came to the markets and fairs of Tyre, and to whom she sent her goods:<\/p>\n they have filled the midst of thee with violence<\/strong>; or, as the Targum,<\/p>\n “thy treasures are filled with rapine;”<\/p>\n with ill gotten goods, as the pope’s coffers are through his merchandise of the souls of men, and the great trade that is driven in pardons and indulgences:<\/p>\n and thou hast sinned<\/strong>; by this unjust and ungodly way of dealing:<\/p>\n therefore I will cast thee as profane out of the mountain of God<\/strong>; Mount Zion, the church of the living God, where he dwells, and is worshipped, and on which the Lamb stands with his hundred and forty and four thousand, having his name and his Father’s on their foreheads,<\/p>\n Re 14:1<\/span>, these will have no communion with the church and pope of Rome; will not receive his mark, nor worship his image; from this mountain, and the inhabitants of it, he stands excluded as a profane person, with whom they will have nothing to do; and hence he persecutes them to the utmost of his power:<\/p>\n and I will destroy thee, O covering cherub, from the midst of the stones of fire<\/strong>; from among the people of God, who have the clear light of the Gospel, and a sincere love for Christ; these withdrew themselves from his jurisdiction and government; and with whom his name, power, and authority perish, especially when they shall have got the victory over him, Re 15:1<\/span>. Kimchi paraphrases it,<\/p>\n “from the midst of the saints who are the Israelites, comparable to stones of fire;”<\/p>\n and Jarchi’s note is,<\/p>\n “that thou mayest not take a portion with the righteous;”<\/p>\n have no part, lot, or fellowship with them. The Targum is,<\/p>\n “I will destroy thee, O king that art anointed, because thou thoughtest to rule over the holy people.”<\/p>\n (16) Filled the midst of thee.<\/strong>The language passes very naturally here from the king himself to the state over which be presided, and with which he was identified, immediately recurring, however, to the king personally. He, as polluted, should be cast out of his imagined mountain of God: he, the cherub covering the mercy-seat, forsooth, shall be destroyed: his fancied God-like walking amid the stones of fire shall for ever cease.<\/p>\n 16<\/strong>. <\/strong> Will cast will destroy <\/strong> Rather, have cast have destroyed. <\/em> So in Eze 28:17-18<\/span> the verbs are in the past tense. These words were spoken from the standpoint of prophecy fulfilled. Some scholars amend so as to read, “and the cherub hath destroyed thee.”<\/p>\n “In the huge quantity of your trading they filled the midst of you with violence, and you have sinned.”<\/p>\n The vast trading enterprises of Tyre could not be carried out without some violence, both in establishing their colonies and in fighting off rival traders, to say nothing of violence and jealousy among themselves. ‘They’ is the men who represented him, his traders and seamen. And they had filled Tyre with violence. Thus their enterprises resulted in gross sin. They may have seemed glorious, but they were also filled with unwholesomeness. And he must take the blame. This was his ‘perfection’.<\/p>\n (This practical application makes perfectly clear that the one in view is not Satan).<\/p>\n “Therefore have I cast you as profane from the mountain of God,<\/p>\n And I have destroyed you (by means of the) covering cherub from the midst of the stones of fire.”<\/p>\n Note that he is not said to be cast out of the Garden but out of ‘the mountain of God’. That is because his proud boast was to dwell among the gods. Thus his punishment fits his claim. And he loses not only his supposed divinity, but also his glorious apparel. He is to be totally humiliated. (This would be particularly apposite if ‘the garden of the gods’ was seen as Lebanon).<\/p>\n The reading in of ‘by means of the’ is required by the parallelism, both poetically and in comparison with the story of Eden. Having demonstrated that in spite of all his pretensions the King of Tyre was created by Yahweh and was a fallen sinner, he will now be called on to follow the fallen sinner’s fate. He will be driven out by the very guardian cherub whose protection he had boasted about.<\/p>\n Thus the downfall he was about to experience is likened to being cast out and stripped of his bejewelled clothing (the stones of fire). He will be left ‘naked’, revealed as what he really was.<\/p>\n (This problem as to exactly what the king represented himself to be arises because of the requirements of metre in poetry. Words had to be omitted to maintain the metre. Possibly at the time conventions made clear what was meant).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/em><\/p>\n Eze 28:16 By the multitude of thy merchandise they have filled the midst of thee with violence, and thou hast sinned: therefore I will cast thee as profane out of the mountain of God: and I will destroy thee, O covering cherub, from the midst of the stones of fire.<\/p>\n <\/em><\/p>\n Ver. 16. By the multitude of thy merchandise.<\/strong> ] Many merchants think they may do anything for their own advantage; cheating and overreaching pass for virtues with them. a<\/em> <\/p>\n <\/p>\n And thou hast sinned.<\/strong> ] By suffering it so to be; for there is a passive injustice as well as an active. <\/p>\n <\/p>\n I will cast thee.<\/strong> ] I will bring thee down with a vengeance, and make thee an example of that rule, Great sins have great punishments. b<\/em> <\/p>\n<\/p>\n a<\/em> Multae sunt fraudes ubi mercatura fervet.<\/em> – Oecolamp.<\/em> <\/p>\n b<\/em> M Y .<\/p>\n merchandise = traffic, or going about, as in Eze 28:18. Hence it meant calumniator (slanderer), in a moral sense. <\/p>\n hast sinned = didst sin. sinned. Hebrew. chata’. App-44. <\/p>\n I will cast, he. = I cast thee as profane. Literally I profaned thee. <\/p>\n the mountain of God. This Hebrew expression (har ha’elohim) occurs seven times (28, 13. Exo 3:1; Exo 4:2;; Eze 18:5; Eze 24:13. 1Ki 19:8. Psa 68:15). The Massorah gives these to distinguish it from has Jehovah, which also occurs seven times (Gen 22:14. Num 10:33. Psa 24:3. Isa 2:3; Isa 30:29. Mic 4:2. Zec 8:3). <\/p>\n covering cherub. See note on Eze 28:14. <\/p>\n from. Contrast this “from” with “in” in Eze 28:14; and see the Structure on p. 1145. <\/p>\n the multitude: Eze 27:12-36, Isa 23:17, Isa 23:18, Hos 12:7, Luk 19:45, Luk 19:46, Joh 2:16, 1Ti 6:9, 1Ti 6:10 <\/p>\n filled: Eze 8:17, Gen 6:11, Amo 3:9, Mic 2:2, Mic 6:12, Hab 2:8, Hab 2:17, Zep 1:9 <\/p>\n therefore: Gen 3:24, Lev 18:24-28, Isa 22:19, Isa 23:9, Mic 2:10, 2Pe 2:4-6, Rev 12:9 <\/p>\n O covering: Eze 28:14 <\/p>\n Reciprocal: Isa 47:6 – I have polluted Eze 27:33 – with the Eze 28:18 – defiled Zec 9:4 – the Lord Rev 21:11 – her<\/p>\n Eze 28:16. Merchandise . . . violence. The connection between these words is in the fact that the prosperity of Tyrus filled her with pride and that in turn caused her to become wicked and violent. Cast out of the mountain. See verse 14 for comments on mountain and the relation of Tyrus to it. The favorable condition was to be reversed on account of the evil turn in the conduct of the city.<\/p>\n Eze 28:16-17. By the multitude of thy merchandise, &c. The riches which thy great trade has produced have but increased thy love of gain more and more, and induced thee to commit acts of violence, fraud, and extortion, to make further additions to thy power and riches; therefore I will cast thee out of the mountain of God I will cast thee down to contempt from that super-eminent degree of power and glory to which I had raised thee, and from the exalted station of governing others, and being able to afford them protection, and from all thy great pomp and magnificence. Thy heart was lifted up because of thy beauty Thou becamest vain and insolent on account of thy power, riches, and magnificence. Here the root of this princes ruin is pointed out to us. His power and riches produced pride and insolence in him, and those every evil way. His grandeur blinded him, so that he did not see his true happiness, nor the right way of pursuing it, but wandered in ways which led to ruin. I will lay thee before kings, that they may behold thee I will make thee a spectacle to other princes, expose thee as a miserable object before their eyes, that thou mayest be an example to them to deter them from the like pride and practices.<\/p>\n 28:16 By the multitude of thy merchandise they have filled the midst of thee with violence, and thou hast sinned: therefore I will cast thee as profane out of the {i} mountain of God: and I will destroy thee, O covering cherub, from the midst of the stones of fire.<\/p>\n (i) You will have no part among my people.<\/p>\n Abundant trade had made this king increasingly violent to the point that he sinned against God. The reference to trade supports the view that the earthly king is in view.<\/p>\n Because of this sin, the Lord had cast the king from His mountain as profane or common. The king could no longer rule under God’s permissive authority. The Lord had destroyed His servant in that He had removed him from his privileged place of service and allowed his enemies to defeat him.<\/p>\n By the multitude of thy merchandise they have filled the midst of thee with violence, and thou hast sinned: therefore I will cast thee as profane out of the mountain of God: and I will destroy thee, O covering cherub, from the midst of the stones of fire. 16. By the multitude ] Or, in … Continue reading “Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Ezekiel 28:16”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-commentary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21184","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21184"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21184\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21184"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21184"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21184"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible <\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Geneva Bible Notes<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Expository Notes of Dr. Constable (Old and New Testaments)<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"