28<\/strong>. Now Absalom had commanded<\/em> ] And Absalom commanded.<\/strong> Absalom felt himself bound in honour to avenge his sister’s wrong, and moreover welcomed the pretext for getting rid of Amnon, who stood between himself and the succession to the throne.<\/p>\n When Amnons heart is merry with wine; <\/B>when he least suspects, and will be most unable to prevent the evil. <\/P> Have not I commanded you; <\/B>I who am the kings son, and, when Amnon is gone, his heir; who therefore shall easily obtain pardon for you, and will liberally reward you? <\/P> <\/p>\n 28. Absalom had commanded hisservants, saying . . . when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine . . .kill him, fear not<\/B>On a preconcerted signal from their master,the servants, rushing upon Amnon, slew him at the table, while therest of the brothers, horror-struck, and apprehending a generalmassacre, fled in affrighted haste to Jerusalem.<\/P><\/p>\n Now Absalom had commanded his servants<\/strong>,…. Before he and his guests were set down to the entertainment:<\/p>\n saying, mark ye now when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine<\/strong>; as he was determined to make him if possible, and as he supposed he would be, knowing his inclination to drink:<\/p>\n and when I say unto you, smite Amnon, then kill him<\/strong>; smite him that he die, and be sure he is dead before you leave him:<\/p>\n fear not, have not I commanded you<\/strong>? who am your lord, the king’s son, and will then be heir to the crown; fear not, I will protect you; let all the blame be laid to me, if any; I will be answerable for it, you have nothing to do but to obey my commands:<\/p>\n be courageous, and be valiant<\/strong>; show yourselves to be men of courage and valour, not fearing the king’s sons, or any in company, or what will be the consequences of it; do your business effectually, and leave all with me; it is very reasonably supposed that Absalom had not only in view to revenge the rape of his sister, but to get himself next heir to the crown.<\/p>\n Absalom then commanded his servants to put Amnon to death without fear, as he had commanded, as soon as his heart should become merry with wine and he (Absalom) should tell them to smite him. The arrangement of the meal is passed over as being quite subdrdinate to the main purpose of the narrative; and the clause added by the lxx at the close of 2Sa 13:27<\/span>, , is nothing more than an explanatory gloss, formed according to 1Sa 25:36<\/span>. The words “Have not I commanded you?” implied that Absalom would take the responsibility upon himself. <\/p>\n 28<\/strong>. <\/strong> Have not I commanded you <\/strong> No guilt will be on you, for I take all the responsibility on myself; only obey you my orders.<\/p>\n Absalom Slays Amnon As Revenge For His Raping Of Tamar And Flees To His Grandfather’s Kingdom in Geshur ( 2Sa 13:28-39<\/strong><\/span><\/strong> ). <\/p>\n <\/strong><\/p>\n Whilst David refused to carry out the death sentence that Amnon’s sin demanded, Absalom had other ideas. Strictly speaking, in fact, in executing Amnon he was carrying out the sentence of the Law, and at the same time avenging the stain that Amnon had brought on the royal family of Geshur. In this he was justified. For Tamar was not only David’s daughter, she was also the granddaughter of the king of Geshur. Thus in Geshur his action would undoubtedly have been seen as just and right, and he may well have seen himself as a prince of Geshur justly acting as the representative of his people in avenging what had been done to their princess. <\/p>\n That David later recognised that justice was on Absalom’s side comes out in that he made no real attempt to have Absalom extradited. While the king of Geshur might certainly initially have refused to hand his grandson Absalom over, contending that he had only been obtaining justice for Geshur, there is little doubt that David could have made him do so had he wished. But instead he held his peace. But he had now lost two of his beloved sons. He was paying a heavy price for his own sins. <\/p>\n Analysis. <\/p>\n a <\/strong> And Absalom commanded his servants, saying, “Mark you now, when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine, and when I say to you, “Smite Amnon,” then kill him. Do not be afraid, have not I commanded you? Be courageous, and be valiant” (2Sa 13:28<\/span>). <\/p>\n b <\/strong> And the servants of Absalom did to Amnon as Absalom had commanded. Then all the king’s sons arose, and every man mounted himself on his mule, and fled (2Sa 13:29<\/span>). <\/p>\n c <\/strong> And it came about, while they were in the way, that the news came to David, saying, “Absalom has slain all the king’s sons, and there is not one of them left” (2Sa 13:30<\/span>). <\/p>\n d <\/strong> Then the king arose, and tore his garments, and lay on the earth, and all his servants stood by with their clothes torn. <\/p>\n e <\/strong> And Jonadab, the son of Shimeah, David’s brother, answered and said, “Let not my lord suppose that they have killed all the young men, the king’s sons, for Amnon only is dead” (2Sa 13:31-32<\/span> a). <\/p>\n f <\/strong> “For by the appointment of Absalom this has been determined from the day that he forced his sister Tamar” (2Sa 13:32<\/span> b). <\/p>\n e <\/strong> “Now therefore let not my lord the king take the thing to his heart, to think that all the king’s sons are dead, for Amnon only is dead” (2Sa 13:33<\/span>). <\/p>\n d <\/strong> But Absalom fled. And the young man who kept the watch lifted up his eyes, and looked, and, behold, there came many people by the way of the hill-side behind him. And Jonadab said to the king, “Look, the king’s sons are come. As your servant said, so it is” (2Sa 13:34-35<\/span>). <\/p>\n c <\/strong> And it came about, as soon as he had made an end of speaking, that, behold, the king’s sons came, and lifted up their voice, and wept, and the king also and all his servants wept very bitterly (2Sa 13:36<\/span>). <\/p>\n b <\/strong> But Absalom fled, and went to Talmai the son of Ammihur, king of Geshur. And David mourned for his son every day. So Absalom fled, and went to Geshur, and was there three years (2Sa 13:37-38<\/span>). <\/p>\n a <\/strong> And the soul of king David longed to go forth to Absalom, for he was comforted concerning Amnon, seeing he was dead (2Sa 13:39<\/span>). <\/p>\n Note than in ‘a’ we read of the death of Amnon, and in the parallel David no longer mourned Amnon, recognising that he was dead. In ‘b’ the king’s sons fled from Absalom, and in the parallel Absalom fled from the king. In ’c’ news came to David that all his sons were dead, and in the parallel his sons came back to him In ‘d’ David mourns the loss of his sons, and in the parallel Jonadab points out that there is no need to mourn because his sons are coming. In ‘e’ Jonadab assures the king that all his sons have not been killed, and in the parallel he declares the same. Centrally in ‘f’ Jonadab confirms that the death of Amnon had been determined by Absalom from the moment that he had raped his sister. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:28<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n ‘<\/strong> And Absalom commanded his servants, saying, “Mark you now, when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine, and when I say to you, “Smite Amnon,” then kill him. Do not be afraid, have not I commanded you? Be courageous, and be valiant.” ’ <\/p>\n Once the king’s sons had arrived at sheepshearing they would begin to make merry, but Absalom had already instructed his servants that as soon as Amnon was sufficiently drunk he would give the order for them to kill him. At that point, he said, they should act bravely and do what he had commanded them without fear because he would take full responsibility. These may well have been servants connected with his mother Maacah who owed allegiance to Geshur. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:29<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n ‘<\/strong> And the servants of Absalom did to Amnon as Absalom had commanded. Then all the king’s sons arose, and every man mounted himself on his mule, and fled.’ <\/p>\n And when the time came, and the sign was given, Absalom’s servants did precisely what Absalom had commanded them and slew Amnon. The result was that the remainder of the king’s sons panicked, and fled on their mules. Thus was the raping of a princess of Geshur avenged, and thus had Amnon been executed in accordance with the Law forbidding incest. Absalom had acted justly as a prince of Geshur, but that was not how David would see it. But it was how Geshur would see it,, for the Geshurites were a sheep-breeding nation who almost certainly had strong ideas about tribal honour, who would thus have been deeply offended by what had happened to one of their princesses, especially when she was supposed to be under the protection of David. Absalom would therefore undoubtedly have had their support for his action. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:30<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n ‘<\/strong> And it came about, while they were in the way, that the news came to David, saying, “Absalom has slain all the king’s sons, and there is not one of them left.” ’ <\/p>\n It is clear that someone must have left the sheepshearing celebrations fairly quickly, indeed almost as soon as the execution had taken place, for before the sons on their mules could even come within sight of Jerusalem, false news had already reached David that all his sons had been killed. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:31<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n ‘<\/strong> Then the king arose, and tore his garments, and lay on the earth, and all his servants stood by with their clothes torn.’ <\/p>\n The king was understandably devastated by the news and ritually tore his clothes, an evidence of deep feeling, and fell on the earth before YHWH, while all his servant around him also tore their clothes, sharing with him in his anguish. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:32<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n ‘<\/strong> And Jonadab, the son of Shimeah, David’s brother, answered and said, “Let not my lord suppose that they have killed all the young men, the king’s sons, for Amnon only is dead, for by the appointment of Absalom this has been determined from the day that he forced his sister Tamar.” ’ <\/p>\n Jonadab, however, who was David’s nephew and was the man who had advised Amnon in his evil deed, seems to have known what was going to happen, for he assured the king that only Amnon was dead, and that his other sons had not been harmed. This would suggest that in some way he was in Absalom’s confidence, at least sufficiently to have been let into the secret. It may well be that he had honestly been disgusted at the way that Amnon had treated Tamar after he had raped her and had from then on sided with Absalom. He had probably expected that once Amnon had had his way with Tamar he would marry her. Abandoning the young girl in her misery had not been a part of what he had suggested. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:33<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n “<\/strong> Now therefore let not my lord the king take the thing to his heart, to think that all the king’s sons are dead, for Amnon only is dead.” <\/p>\n So Jonadab assured the king not to think that all his sons were dead, because he knew that it was only Amnon who had been affected. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:34<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n ‘<\/strong> But Absalom fled. And the young man who kept the watch lifted up his eyes, and looked, and, behold, there came many people by the way of the hill-side behind him.’ <\/p>\n Meanwhile, having assured himself that Amnon was really dead, and that his sister had been avenged, Absalom fled. He would recognise that in Israel he would be seen as having committed high treason against the person of the king’s firstborn, and that if he remained he could be impeached for murder. It would be seen differently in Geshur. On the other hand the young man who was the watchman in Jerusalem looked round from his watchtower and saw behind him, on the hillside in the distance, a number of people flocking towards Jerusalem. They were fleeing one way, while Absalom was fleeing the other. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:35<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n ‘<\/strong> And Jonadab said to the king, “Look, the king’s sons are come. As your servant said, so it is.” ’ <\/p>\n Once the news reached the palace Jonadab pointed out to David that it meant that his sons had returned, just as he had said. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:36<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n ‘<\/strong> And it came about, as soon as he had made an end of speaking, that, behold, the king’s sons came, and lifted up their voice, and wept, and the king also and all his servants wept very bitterly.’ <\/p>\n Even while he was giving the assurance the king’s sons arrived on their mules, and entering the palace lifted up their voices and wept in mourning for Amnon. And the king and his servants also joined in. For all now knew that David’s firstborn son was dead. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:37<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n ‘<\/strong> But Absalom fled, and went to Talmai the son of Ammihur, king of Geshur. And David mourned for his son every day.’ <\/p>\n Meanwhile Absalom fled to his grandfather Talmai, the son of Ammihur, king of Geshur, while David mourned the fact that he had lost Absalom as well as Amnon. He no doubt recognised the justice of what Absalom had done. He had carried out the execution that David himself should have arranged. This second mention of Absalom fleeing is in direct contrast with the sons arriving and telling David what had happened. They all came to the king, apart from Absalom, who fled. David had lost two sons in one go. And David felt the loss, for he mourned the loss of his son every day (just as Uriah’s mother had no doubt mourned the loss of her son every day). <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:38<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n ‘<\/strong> So Absalom fled, and went to Geshur, and was there three years.’ <\/p>\n This third repetition of the fact of Absalom fleeing stands on its own as a specific statement, confirming what had happened. Such repetition was common in ancient literature. The threefold mention stresses the completeness of his successful escape. And once he had arrived in Geshur Absalom was there for ‘three years’. This could signify one and a half years upwards, with part years counting as a year. It basically signifies ‘a number of years’. In Geshur Absalom’s act would have been seen as just revenge for a slight to their royal family. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:39<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n ‘<\/strong> And king David left off going forth after Absalom, for he was comforted concerning Amnon, seeing he was dead.’ <\/p>\n Meanwhile after a suitable time king David had recovered from his grief at the death of Amnon, simply because he was dead and there was no point in constantly thinking of the dead. And the result was that he “left off going forth after Absalom”. ‘To go forth’ in this case must be seen as in a hostile sense. Presumably messengers had passed between the two courts arguing the case from the point of view of two royal families, The emphasis is thus on the fact that David did not continue to pursue his attempts to have Absalom brought back for punishment because he had got over the death of Amnon, and recognised that Absalom had had justice on his side. This suggests that the king of Geshur did not find David’s arguments convincing and was defending what Absalom had done as having been necessary to revenge the slight on his family. Either way around three years passed and David did nothing conclusive about the situation. <\/p>\n Some translations, taking into account their own translation of 2Sa 14:1<\/span>, and David’s later strong affection revealed towards Absalom (2Sa 18:33<\/span>) read, ‘And the soul of David longed after Absalom’ . But that is not the obvious meaning of the words, and is contradicted by the fact that even when he returned David would not see him or permit him into his presence. <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:28 Now Absalom had commanded his servants, saying, Mark ye now when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine, and when I say unto you, Smite Amnon; then kill him, fear not: have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant.<\/p>\n Ver. 28. Now Absalom had commanded his servants.<\/strong> ] His assassins, whom some conceive to have been Geshurites of his mother’s country, ready to flee thither with him, as 2Sa 13:37<\/span> . <\/p>\n<\/p>\n When Amnon’s heart is merry with wine.] See on 2Sa 13:13<\/span> . <\/p>\n <\/p>\n And when I say unto you, Smite Amnon.<\/strong> ] So cowardly he was that he durst not do it himself, saith Pellican. <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Then kill him, fear not.<\/strong> ] This bloody command he uttered in plainer terms than did Tarlton, bishop of Winchester, when he gave order for the death of King Edward in these words unpointed, and therefore of doubtful interpretation, Edvardum occidere nolite timere bonum est.<\/em> <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Have not I commanded you?<\/strong> ] Am not I the next heir to the crown? and so shall be able both to secure you and reward you.<\/p>\n valiant = sons of valour. <\/p>\n Absalom Flees While David Mourns <\/p>\n 2Sa 13:28-39<\/p>\n For two years Absalom nursed his anger. Time did not alter his resolve, though it lulled to sleep any suspicion that might have been excited if he had taken immediate steps to get Amnon into his power. Then came the festival of a sheep-shearing, the enticement of Amnon from the shelter of the palace and his murder, the rumor that reached David, and the flight of the murderer to his mothers father, Talmai, the king of Geshur. Of course, if David had insisted upon his surrender, Absalom would have had to be handed over for punishment; but again, the memory of his own sin withheld Davids hand. Had he not treacherously plotted Uriahs death! How could he punish the avenger of a sisters wrong! His own sin had come home to roost.<\/p>\n The punishment of sin is much more swift and certain than many seem to suppose, not only in the next life, but also in this. We need not climb the throne to exercise vengeance. That is Gods part, and it is carried out by the inevitable working of law. What a man sows, he is invariably called to reap.<\/p>\n commanded: 2Sa 11:15, Exo 1:16, Exo 1:17, 1Sa 22:17, 1Sa 22:18, Act 5:29 <\/p>\n heart is merry: 2Sa 11:13, Gen 9:21, Gen 19:32-35, Jdg 19:6, Jdg 19:9, Jdg 19:22, Rth 3:7, 1Sa 25:36-38, 1Ki 20:16, Est 1:10, Psa 104:15, Ecc 9:7, Ecc 10:19, Dan 5:2-6, Dan 5:30, Nah 1:10, Luk 21:34 <\/p>\n fear not: Num 22:16, Num 22:17, 1Sa 28:10, 1Sa 28:13 <\/p>\n have not I: or, Will you not, since I have, etc. Jos 1:9 <\/p>\n valiant: Heb. sons of valour <\/p>\n Reciprocal: Gen 27:41 – then Exo 1:18 – Why have Lev 19:18 – not avenge Num 35:20 – if he thrust Deu 27:24 – General Jos 8:8 – I have Jdg 16:25 – their hearts 1Sa 18:22 – servants 1Sa 30:16 – eating 2Sa 3:33 – as a fool dieth 2Sa 12:10 – the sword 2Sa 12:11 – I will raise 2Sa 14:30 – go and set 2Sa 15:10 – spies 2Sa 23:5 – Although 1Ki 16:9 – drinking 1Ki 20:12 – drinking Job 1:18 – eating Pro 18:19 – brother Pro 20:1 – General Pro 23:29 – Who hath woe Pro 23:34 – thou Ecc 7:4 – the heart Ecc 7:9 – anger Isa 5:14 – he that rejoiceth Isa 21:4 – the night Eze 22:11 – his sister Hos 7:6 – they Amo 8:10 – I will turn Luk 12:20 – God 1Pe 4:3 – excess<\/p>\n 2Sa 13:28-29. When Amnons heart is merry When he least suspects, and will be most unable to prevent the evil. Have not I commanded you? I who am the kings son, and, when Amnon is dead, next heir to the crown, and who therefore can easily stand between you and the danger of your being called to an account for what you do, or can obtain pardon for you, and not only so, but have it in my power to reward you. The servants did as Absalom had commanded And Amnon fell. Thus did Absalom at one blow revenge himself upon his sisters ravisher, and rid himself of his rival in his fathers favour, and only obstacle, as he apprehended, to his crown. Now is the threatened sword drawn in Davids house, which will not depart from it. His eldest son falls by it, through his own wickedness, and his father, by conniving at that wickedness, is accessory to his death. Then all the kings sons arose and fled Terrified at what they saw, they started up from the table, seized every man his mule, and fled home as fast as they could. But fast as they fled, fame reached the palace before them, and told David that Absalom had destroyed all his sons.<\/p>\n 13:28 Now Absalom had commanded his servants, saying, Mark ye now when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine, and when I say unto you, Smite Amnon; then kill him, fear not: have not {m} I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant.<\/p>\n (m) Such is the pride of the wicked masters, that in all their wicked commandments they think to be obeyed.<\/p>\n Now Absalom had commanded his servants, saying, Mark ye now when Amnon’s heart is merry with wine, and when I say unto you, Smite Amnon; then kill him, fear not: have not I commanded you? be courageous, and be valiant. 28. Now Absalom had commanded ] And Absalom commanded. Absalom felt himself bound in honour … Continue reading “Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of 2 Samuel 13:28”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-commentary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8357","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8357"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8357\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8357"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/bible-commentary\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible <\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: F.B. Meyer’s Through the Bible Commentary<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n
Fuente: Geneva Bible Notes<\/b><\/i><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"