(), a name celebrated in Jewish literature as the home of one of the great schools of Judaism, was located in Babylonia, and derived its name from its situation at the (pum) mouth of the Baditha, a canal between the Tigris and Euphrates. Its academy, except only that of Sora (q.v.), was the most enduring and influential of all the Rabbinic institutions in Babylonia. Founded towards the end of the 3d century by R. Jehudah ben- Jecheskel, one of the most distinguished disciples of Abba Areka, also called Rab (q.v.), it flourished until towvards the beginning of the 11th century, thus moulding, shaping, and influencing the life and literature of the Jews. Many of the rectors of this academy acquired a great renown for their Rabbinic lore, some of whom have already been mentioned in this Cyclopaedia, or will be treated in the succeeding volumes. The following list, giving the names of the famous teachers at that acalderny, prepared after a carefull and diligent perusal of the best authorities, we hope will aid the student of Jewish literature, since it is not easy to bring the membra disjecta into a chronological order out of the rudis indigestaque moles of the different sources:<\/p>\n
1. R. Jehndah ben-Jecheskel297-299 <\/p>\n
2. Chalsda of Kafri299-309 <\/p>\n
3. Rabba ben-Nachmlan309-330 <\/p>\n
4. Joseph ben-Chija, the Blind (q.v)330-333 <\/p>\n
5. Abji ben-Cajlil333-338 <\/p>\n
6. Rabba bai-Joseph bar-Chaina338-352 <\/p>\n
7. Nachmanl ben-Isaac352-356 <\/p>\n
8. Chanma of Nahardea356-377 <\/p>\n
9. Zebid ben-Ushaja377-385 <\/p>\n
10. Dimi ben-Chinena385-388 <\/p>\n
11. Rafem ben-Papa388-400 <\/p>\n
12. R. Kahana400-411 <\/p>\n
13. Mar Suntra411-414 <\/p>\n
14. Acha ben-Rabba414-419 <\/p>\n
15. Gebiha of Be-Katil419-433 <\/p>\n
16. Rafem II433-443 <\/p>\n
17. Rachumai, or Nachumai443-456 <\/p>\n
18. Sauna en-Rabba456-471 <\/p>\n
19. R. Jose471-520<\/p>\n
At this time the final redaction of the Babylonian Talmud (q.v.) was made, and, according to Jewish tradition, to R. Jose, who forms the end of the Amoraim (Soph Haraah), the honor is assigned of completing to write and of sealing the Gemara of Babylon, in the twenty-fourth year of his rectoral and magisterial dignity, in the year from the creation 4260, and 311 years from the sealing of the Mishna. After the death of R. Jose, the chronological chain is interrupted, and, with the exception of a few names which have come down to us, it is difficult to say who filled the space up to the year 670, for the probability is that, in the vicissitudes and persecutions of those times, the names of those famous teachers have been forgotten. With Mar Rlbba, who belonged to the so-called Gaonastic period, the chlronological order can again be followed down to the last of the heads of the academy of Pumbadithla. whose death sealed the closing of that famous academy forever. The following are the names:<\/p>\n
CIRCA A.D.<\/p>\n
1. Mar Rabba670- 680 <\/p>\n
2. Mar Bussai, or Bostanai680- 689 <\/p>\n
3. Hunai Mani ben-Joseph689- 700 <\/p>\n
4. R. Chija of Mesene700- 710 <\/p>\n
5. Mar-Rabjah710- 719 <\/p>\n
6. Natronaei ben-Neihemia, surnamed Mar Janka719- 730 <\/p>\n
7. Mar Jehndah730- 739 <\/p>\n
8. Mar Joseph ben-Chutanai <\/p>\n
9. Samuel ben-Mari. <\/p>\n
10. Mar Natroi Kahinia ben-Emuna739-761 <\/p>\n
11. Abraham Kahana 12. R. Dadai ben-Nachman761- 764 <\/p>\n
13. Chananja ben-Mesharshaja764- 771 <\/p>\n
14. Malka ben-Acha771- 773 <\/p>\n
15. Rabba ben-Dudai773- 782 <\/p>\n
16. R. Shinuia few months <\/p>\n
17. Chaninai ben-Abraham Kahan782- 786 <\/p>\n
18. Huna Mar Halevi ben-Isaac786- 788 <\/p>\n
19. Manasseh ben-Joseph788- 796 <\/p>\n
20. Isaiah ben-Ala796- 798 <\/p>\n
21. Joseph d bel-Shila798- 804 <\/p>\n
22. Mar Kahanaa ben-Chaninai804- 810 <\/p>\n
23. Abunmari bel-Abraham810- 814 <\/p>\n
24. Joseph ben-Abba814- 816 <\/p>\n
25. Mar Abraham ben-Sherira816- 828 R. Joseph ben-Chija anti-Gaon. <\/p>\n
26. R. Joseph ben-Chija sole Gaon.828- 833 <\/p>\n
27. R. Joseph ben-Rabbi833- 842 <\/p>\n
28. Paltoj ben-Abaji842- 858 <\/p>\n
29. Menachem ben-Joseph ben-Chija858- 860 Mala Mattathias anti-Gaon. <\/p>\n
30. Mar attathias sole Gaon860- 869 <\/p>\n
31. Rabba ben-Ami869- 872 <\/p>\n
32. Mar Zemach i. beni-Paltoj872- 890 <\/p>\n
33. Hai ben-David890- 897 <\/p>\n
34. Kimoj ben-Achai897- 906 <\/p>\n
35. Mar Jehudai ben-Samuel906- 917 <\/p>\n
36. Mar Kohen Zedek ii. ben-Joseph917- 936 <\/p>\n
37. Zemach ben-Kafiai936- 938 <\/p>\n
38. Chninlai ben-Jehudal938- 943 <\/p>\n
39. Aaron Ibn Sarada943- 960 <\/p>\n
40. Nehemia bei-Koheii Zedek960- 968 <\/p>\n
41. Sherira ben-Chanania968- 998 <\/p>\n
42. Hai ben-Sherira998-1038<\/p>\n
Literature. Pinner, Compendium des hierosolymitanischen u. babylonischen Talmud (Berlin, 1832), p. 117 sq.; Monatsschrif fur Gesch. u. Wissenschaft d. Judenthums, i, 203 sq., 403 sq.; 7:336 sq., 381 sq.; Griitz, Gesch. der Juden, vols. 4:v; Ginsburg, in Kitto’s Cyclopoedia, arts. Education and Scribes; Jost, Gesch. der Judenth. u. s. Secten, vol. ii (see Index in vol. iii); Cassel, Leitfaden zulr jud. Gesch. u. Literantua (Berlin, 1872), p). 48, 55; Etheridge, Ints od. to Hebrew Literature, p. 161-220 (where names and dates are, however, very often incorrect); Liber Juchasi sive Lexicon Biographicum et Historicum (ed. H. Filipowski, Lond. 1857), p. 199 sq.; Worman, in Kiddle and Schem’s Cyclop. of Education, art. Hebrews, Education of. (B. P.)<\/p>\n
Pumbaditha (), a name celebrated in Jewish literature as the home of one of the great schools of Judaism, was located in Babylonia, and derived its name from its situation at the (pum) mouth of the Baditha, a canal between the Tigris and Euphrates. Its academy, except only that of Sora (q.v.), was the most … Continue reading “Pumbaditha”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-encyclopedic-dictionary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/dictionaries\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77890","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/dictionaries\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/dictionaries\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/dictionaries\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/dictionaries\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77890"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/dictionaries\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77890\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/dictionaries\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/dictionaries\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biblia.work\/dictionaries\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}