Grief, Grieve
Grief, Grieve
gref, grev: There are some 20 Hebrew words translated in the King James Version by grief, grieve, to be grieved, etc. Among the chief are , halah, , hol, , yaghon, , ka’as, , acabh. They differ, partly, in their physical origin, and partly, in the nature and cause of the feeling expressed. the Revised Version (British and American) in several instances gives effect to this.
(1) Halah, hol express the sense of weakness, sickness, pain (e.g. Samson, in Jdg 16:7, Jdg 16:11, Jdg 16:17, Then shall I become weak (halah), and be as another man); Isa 17:11 the King James Version, a heap in the day of grief; Isa 53:3, Isa 53:1, a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief, He hath borne our griefs (hol), the Revised Version, margin Hebrew sickness, sicknesses; Isa 53:10, He hath put him to grief, the Revised Version, margin made him sick (halah) (translated by Dillmann and others, to crush him incurably; compare Mic 6:13; Nah 3:19); yaghon, perhaps from the pain and weariness of toil (Psa 31:10), For my life is spent with grief, the Revised Version (British and American) sorrow; The Lord added grief to my sorrow, the Revised Version (British and American) sorrow to my pain (Jer 45:3); kaas implies provocation, anger, irritation; thus Hannah said to Eli (the King James Version), Out of the abundance of my complaint and my grief (the Revised Version (British and American) provocation) have I spoken (1Sa 1:16). Psa 6:7; Psa 31:9, grief; Pro 17:25, A foolish son is a grief to his father (i.e. source of provocation; the same word is rendered wrath in Pro 12:16, the King James Version a fool’s wrath, the Revised Version (British and American) vexation; so also Pro 27:3); Job 6:2, Oh that my grief were thoroughly weighed, the Revised Version (British and American) Oh that my vexation were but weighed (in Job 5:2 the King James Version the same word is translated wrath, the Revised Version (British and American) vexation); ke’ebh, is sorrow, pain, properly to hurt. It occurs in Job 2:13 His grief (the Revised Version, margin or pain) was very great; also Job 16:6 the Revised Version (British and American), grief; makh’obh sorrows, pain, suffering (2Ch 6:29, the Revised Version (British and American) sorrow; Psa 69:26, the Revised Version, margin or pain; Isa 53:3, a man of sorrows; Isa 53:4, Surely he hath carried our sorrows); marah and marar indicate bitterness (Gen 26:35; Gen 49:23; 1Sa 30:6; Rth 1:13; Pro 14:10, The heart knoweth its own bitterness, marah); pukah implies staggering, or stumbling, only in 1Sa 25:31, This shall be no grief unto thee, the Revised Version, margin Hebrew cause of staggering; ra (a common word for evil) denotes an evil, a calamity, only once in the King James Version translated grief, namely, of Jonah’s gourd, to deliver him from his grief, the Revised Version (British and American) from his evil case (Jon 4:6); yara, to be evil, Deu 15:10, the Revised Version (British and American) Thy heart shall not be grieved when thou givest unto him (also 1Sa 1:8; Neh 2:10; Neh 13:8; several times translated grievous); harah, to burn, to be wroth (e.g. Gen 4:6, Why art thou wroth?), is translated grieved in Gen 45:5, and 1Sa 15:11 the King James Version (the Revised Version (British and American) Samuel was wroth); the same word is often used of the kindling of anger; la’ah, to be weary, tired, faint (Pro 26:15), the King James Version The slothful hideth his hand in his bosom, it grieveth him to bring it again to his mouth, the Revised Version (British and American) wearieth; also Job 4:2; acabh, to grieve, to be vexed, occurs in Gen 6:6; Gen 34:7; Gen 45:5, etc.; Psa 78:40, How oft did they … grieve him in the desert. Of other words sometimes translated grief may be mentioned kut, to weary of, to loathe (Psa 95:10), Forty long years was I grieved with that generation; in Psa 119:158; Psa 139:21, the Revised Version, margin loathe; hamec, implying to be bitterly or violently moved, sour (often translated leavened), only in Psa 73:21, the Revised Version (British and American) For my soul was grieved, margin, Hebrew was in a ferment.
(2) In the New Testament grief, grieve, etc., are infrequent. The commonest words are lupe (1Pe 2:19), the Revised Version (British and American) griefs, elsewhere translated sorrow; lupeo, to grieve, afflict (Mar 10:22, the Revised Version (British and American) sorrowful; Joh 21:17 Peter was grieved; Rom 14:15; 2Co 2:4, the Revised Version (British and American) made sorry; 2Co 2:5, caused sorrow; Eph 4:30, Grieve not the Holy Spirit of God); diaponeomai, literally, to labor through, to grieve self occurs twice (Act 4:2; Act 16:18 the Revised Version (British and American) sore troubled); stenazo, to groan, or sigh, once only translated grief (Heb 13:17), the Revised Version, margin groaning; prosochthzo, to be indignant, etc., twice (Heb 3:10, Heb 3:17, the Revised Version (British and American) displeased). The reference is to Psa 95:10, where the Septuagint by this Greek word translates kut (see above).
The less frequency in the New Testament of words denoting grief is significant. Christ came to comfort all that mourn – to give a garland for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness. Christians, however, cannot but feel sorrow and be moved by grief, and it is to be noted that in both the Old Testament and New Testament, God Himself is said to be susceptible to grief.
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Grief, Grieve
signifies “pain,” of body or mind; it is used in the plural in 1Pe 2:19 only, RV, “griefs” (AV, “grief”); here, however, it stands, by metonymy, for “things that cause sorrow, grievances;” hence Tyndale’s rendering, “grief,” for Wycliffe’s “sorews;” everywhere else it is rendered “sorrow,” except in Heb 12:11, where it is translated “grievous” (lit., “of grief”). See HEAVINESS, SORROW.
akin to A, denotes (a), in the Active Voice, “to cause pain, or grief, to distress, grieve,” e.g., 2Co 2:2 (twice, Active and Passive Voices); 2Co 2:5 (twice), RV, “hath caused sorrow” (AV, “have caused grief,” and “grieved”); 2Co 7:8, “made (you) sorry;” Eph 4:30, of grieving the Holy Spirit of God (as indwelling the believer); (b) in the Passive Voice, “to be grieved, to be made sorry, to be sorry, sorrowful,” e.g., Mat 14:9, RV, “(the king) was grieved” (AV, “was sorry”); Mar 10:22, RV, “(went away) sorrowful” (AV, “grieved”); Joh 21:17, “(Peter) was grieved;” Rom 14:15, “(if … thy brother) is grieved;” 2Co 2:4, “(not that) ye should be made sorry,” RV, AV, “ye should be grieved.” See HEAVINESS, SORROW, SORROWFUL, SORRY.
or sullupeo, is used in the Passive Voice in Mar 3:5, “to be grieved” or afflicted together with a person, said of Christ’s “grief” at the hardness of heart of those who criticized His healing on the Sabbath day; it here seems to suggest the sympathetic nature of His grief because of their self-injury. Some suggest that the sun indicates the mingling of “grief” with His anger.
“to groan” (of an inward, unexpressed feeling of sorrow), is translated “with grief” in Heb 13:17 (marg. “groaning”). It is rendered “sighed” in Mar 7:34; “groan,” in Rom 8:23; 2Co 5:2, 2Co 5:4; “murmur,” in Jam 5:9, RV (AV, “grudge”). See GROAN, MURMUR, SIGH.
Notes: (1) Diaponeo, “to work out with labor,” in the Passive Voice, “to be sore troubled,” is rendered “being grieved” in Act 4:2; Act 16:18, AV (RV, “sore troubled”). See TROUBLE. In some mss., Mar 14:4. (2) Prosochthizo, “to be angry with,” is rendered “was grieved” in Heb 3:10, Heb 3:17, AV (RV, “was displeased). See DISPLEASE.