Jesse
JESSE
Son of Obed and father of David. He was a grandson of Ruth the Moabitess, and in he native land he found an asylum while David was most in danger from the jealous pursuit of Saul, Rth 4:17 1Sa 16:1-23 17:12 22:3 Mat 1:5 .
Fuente: American Tract Society Bible Dictionary
Jesse
()
Jesse is mentioned in Act 13:22 and Rom 15:12 as the father of David.
Fuente: Dictionary of the Apostolic Church
Jesse
(meaning uncertain; rich; powerful; my present)
Grandson of Booz and Ruth, father of King David. Jesse of the tribe of Juda, lived at Bethlehem (Ruth 4). He was an old man, when Samuel came to Bethlehem to anoint David, the new King of Israel (1 Kings 16). In the time of Saul, the family of Jesse occupied a humble condition; for David calls himself poor and unimportant (1 Kings 18). As descendant of David the Messias is called the “root of Jesse” (Isaias 11).
Fuente: New Catholic Dictionary
Jesse
(Heb. Yishay’, , perhaps firm, otherwise living; once , Ishay’, either by prosthesis, or manly, 1Ch 2:13; Sept. and N.T. ; Josephus , Ant. 6, 8, 1), a son (or descendant) of Obed, the son of Boaz and Ruth (Rth 4:17; Rth 4:22; Mat 1:5-6; Luk 3:32; 1Ch 2:12). He was the father of eight sons (1Sa 17:12), from the youngest of whom, David, is reflected all the distinction which belongs to the name, although the latter, as being of humble birth, was often reproached by his enemies with this parentage (1Sa 20:27; 1Sa 20:30-31; 1Sa 22:7-8; 1Sa 25:10; 2Sa 20:1; 1Ki 12:16; 2Ch 10:16). Stem of Jesse is used poetically for the family of David (Isa 11:1), and Root [ i.e. root-shoot, or sprout from the stump, i.q. scion] of Jesse for the Messiah (Isa 11:10; Rev 5:5; comp. Rev 22:16). He seems to have been a person of some note and substance at Bethlehem, his property being chiefly in sheep (1Sa 16:1; 1Sa 16:11; 1Sa 17:20; comp. Psa 78:71). It would seem from 1Sa 16:10, that he must have been aware of the high destinies which awaited his son, but it is doubtful if he ever lived to see them realized (see 1Sa 17:12). The last historical mention of Jesse is in relation to the asylum which David procured for him with the king of Moab (1Sa 22:3). B.C. cir. 1068-1061. SEE DAVID.
According to an ancient Jewish tradition, recorded in the Targum on 2Sa 21:19, Jesse was a weaver of the vails of the sanctuary; but as there is no contradiction, so there is no corroboration of this in the Bible, and it is possible that it was suggested by the occurrence of the word oregim, weavers,’ in connection with a member of his family. SEE JAARE- OREGIM. Who the wife of Jesse was we are not told. The family contained, in addition to the sons, two female members Zeruiah and Abigail; but it is uncertain whether these were Jesse’s daughters, for, though they are called the sisters of his sons (1Ch 2:16), yet Abigail is said to have been the daughter of Nahash (2Sa 17:25). Of this, two explanations have been proposed.
(1.) The Jewish: that Nahash was another name for Jesse (Jerome, Quoest. Hebr. on 2Sa 17:25, and the Targum on Rth 4:22).
(2.) Prof. Stanley’s: that Jesse’s wife had formerly been wife or concubine to Nahash, possibly the king of the Ammonites (Jewish Church, 2, 5, 51). SEE NAHASH.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Jesse
firm, or a gift, a son of Obed, the son of Boaz and Ruth (Ruth 4:17, 22; Matt. 1:5, 6; Luke 3:32). He was the father of eight sons, the youngest of whom was David (1 Sam. 17:12). The phrase “stem of Jesse” is used for the family of David (Isa. 11:1), and “root of Jesse” for the Messiah (Isa. 11:10; Rev. 5:5). Jesse was a man apparently of wealth and position at Bethlehem (1 Sam. 17:17, 18, 20; Ps. 78:71). The last reference to him is of David’s procuring for him an asylum with the king of Moab (1 Sam. 22:3).
Fuente: Easton’s Bible Dictionary
Jesse
Obed’s son, father of David; sprung from the Moabitess Ruth and the Canaanite Rahab of Jericho; and from Nahshon, at the Exodus chief of Judah, and so from the great house of Pharez, through Hezron. His designation “the Ephrathite of Bethlehem Judah” (1Sa 17:12) implies that he was of a very old family in the place. He was elderly and had eight sons when we first read of him. The Targum on 2Sa 21:19 makes him a weaver of veils for the sanctuary. (On his removal to Moab in David’s flight from Saul see DAVID, also see ABIGAIL on Jesse’s connection with her and Joab, Abishai and Asahel, and Zeruiah.) His own name is immortalized, probably because of his faith in the coming Messiah, “the rod out of the stem (stump) of Jesse” even long after David had eclipsed him (Isa 11:1; Isa 11:10), expressing the depressed state of David’s royal line when Messiah was to be born of it (Luke 2).
Fuente: Fausset’s Bible Dictionary
Jesse
JESSE.The father of king David, named in our Lords genealogy (Mat 1:5 f., Luk 3:32).
Fuente: A Dictionary Of Christ And The Gospels
Jesse
JESSE (more correctly Jishai, cf., as regards formation, Ittai; perhaps an abbreviated form; the meaning of the name is quite uncertain).A Bethlehemite, best known as the father of David. The earliest historical mention of him (1Sa 17:12; see David, 1) represents him as already an old man. On this occasion he sends David to the Israelite camp with provisions for his brothers; this was destined to be a long separation between Jesse and his son, for after Davids victory over the Philistine giant he entered definitely into Sauls service. There are two other accounts, each of which purports to mention Jesse for the first time: 1Sa 16:1 ff., in which Samuel is sent to Bethlehem to anoint David; and 1Sa 16:18, in which Jesses son is sent for to play the harp before Saul. Nothing further is heard of Jesse until we read of him and his house coming to David in the cave of Adullam; David then brings his father and mother to Mizpeh of Moab, and entrusts them to the care of the king of Moab (1Sa 22:3-4). This is the last we hear of him. In Isa 11:1 the stock of Jesse is mentioned as that from which the Messiah is to issue; the thought probably being that of the humble descent of the Messiah as contrasted with His glorious Kingdom which is to be.
W. O. E. Oesterley.
Fuente: Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible
Jesse
The son of Obed, and father of David-derived from Jesh, to be. (Rth 4:17) He is memorable in the genealogies of the Lord Jesus Christ. (See Mat 1:5)
Fuente: The Poor Mans Concordance and Dictionary to the Sacred Scriptures
Jesse
jese (, yishay, meaning doubtful; according to Gesenius it = wealthy; Olshausen, Gram., sections 277 f, conjectures , yesh yah, Yahweh exists; Wellhausen (1Sa 14:49) explains it as , ‘abhshay (see ABISHAI); , Iessa; Rth 4:17, Rth 4:22; 1 Sam 16; 17; 20; 22; 1Sa 25:10; 2Sa 20:1; 2Sa 23:1; 1Ki 12:16; 1Ch 10:14; 1Ch 12:18; Psa 72:20; Isa 11:1, Isa 11:10 ( = Rom 15:12)); Mat 1:5, Mat 1:6; Act 13:22): Son of Obed, grandson of Boaz, and father of King David. The grouping of the references to Jesse in 1 Sam is bound up with that of the grouping of the whole narrative of David and Saul. See SAMUEL, BOOKS OF. There seem to be three main veins in the narrative, so far as Jesse is concerned.
(1) In 1Sa 16:1-13, where Jesse is called the Bethlehemite. Samuel is sent to seek among Jesse’s sons successor to Saul.
Both Samuel and Jesse fail to discern at first Yahweh’s choice, Samuel thinking that it would be the eldest son (1Sa 16:6), while Jesse had not thought it worth while to call the youngest to the feast (1Sa 16:11).
(2) (a) In 1Sa 16:14-23, Saul is mentally disturbed, and is advised to get a harpist. David the son of Jesse the Bethlehemite is recommended by a courtier, and Saul sends to Jesse for David.
And Jesse took ten loaves (so emend and translate, and not as the Revised Version (British and American), an ass laden with bread), and a (skin) bottle of wine, and a kid, and sent them to Saul as a present with David, who becomes a courtier of Saul’s with his father’s consent.
(b) The next mention of Jesse is in three contemptuous references by Saul to David as the son of Jesse in 1Sa 20:27, 1Sa 20:30, 1Sa 20:31, part of the quarrel-scene between Saul and Jonathan. (But it is not quite certain if 1 Sam 20 belongs to the same source as 1Sa 16:14-23.) In answer to the first reference, Jonathan calls his friend David, and Saul repeats the phrase the son of Jesse, abusing Jonathan personally (1Sa 20:30, where the meaning is uncertain). The reference to David as the son of Jesse here and in the following verse is contemptuous, not because of any reproach that might attach itself to Jesse, but, as Budde remarks, because an upstart is always contemptuously referred to under his father’s name in courts and society. History repeats itself!
(c) Further references of a like kind are in the passage, 1 Sam 22:6-23, namely, in 1Sa 22:7, 1Sa 22:8, 1Sa 22:13 by Saul, and repeated by Doeg in 1Sa 22:9.
(d) The final one of this group is in 1Sa 25:10, where Nabal sarcastically asks Who is David ? and who is the son of Jesse?
(3) The parts of 1 Sam 17 through 18:5 which are omitted by Septuagint B, i.e. 17:12-31, 1Sa 17:41, 1Sa 17:48, 1Sa 17:50, 55 through 18:6a. Here Jesse is mentioned as an Ephrathite of Beth-lehem-judah (1Sa 17:12, not that Ephrathite, which is a grammatically impossible translation of the Massoretic Text), Ephrath or Ephrathah being another name for Bethlehem, or rather for the district. He is further said to have eight sons (1Sa 17:12), of whom the three eldest had followed Saul to the war (1Sa 17:13).
Jesse sends David, the shepherd, to his brothers with provisions (1Sa 17:17). Afterward David, on being brought to Saul and asked who he is, answers, I am the son of thy servant Jesse the Bethlehemite (1Sa 17:58). Jesse is also described (1Sa 17:12) as being in the days of Saul an old man, advanced in years (so emend and translate, not as the Revised Version (British and American), stricken in years among men). The mention of his having 8 sons in 1Sa 17:12 is not in agreement with 1Ch 2:13-15, which gives only 7 sons with two sisters, but where Syriac gives 8, adding, from 1Ch 27:18, Elihu which Massoretic Text has there probably by corruption (Curtis, Chronicles, 88). 1Sa 16:10 should be translated and Jesse made his 7 sons to pass before Samuel (not as the Revised Version (British and American), the King James Version, seven of his sons). Budde (Kurz. Hand-Komm., Samuel, 114) holds 1Sa 16:1-13 to be a late Midrash, and (ibid., 123 f) omits (a) that in 1Sa 17:12; (b) also and he had 8 sons as due to a wrong inference from 1Sa 16:10; (c) the names of the 3 eldest in 1Sa 17:13; (d) 1Sa 17:14; he then changes 1Sa 17:15, and reads thus: (12) Now David was the son of an Ephrathite of Bethlehem-Judah, whose name was Jesse who was…(years) old at the time of Saul. (13) And the 3 eldest sons of Jesse had marched with Saul to the war, (14) and David was the youngest, (15) and David had remained to feed his father’s sheep at Bethlehem. (16) Now the Philistines came, etc.
According to all these narratives in 1 Samuel, whether all 3 be entirely independent of one another or not, Jesse had land in Bethlehem, probably outside the town wall, like Boaz (see BOAZ) his grandfather (Rth 4:17). In 1Sa 22:3, 1Sa 22:4 David entrusts his father and mother to the care of the king of Moab, but from 1Sa 20:29 some have inferred that Jesse was dead (although most critics assign 1Sa 22:3 at any rate to the same stratum as chapter 20).
Jonathan tells Saul that David wanted to attend a family sacrificial feast at Bethlehem (1Sa 20:29). Massoretic Text reads, And he, my brother, has commanded me, whereas we should probably read with Septuagint, and my brethren have commanded me, i.e. the members of the clan, as we have farther on in the verse, Let me get away, I pray thee, and see my brethren. As to Jesse’s daughters, see ABIGAIL; NAHASH.
(4) Of the other references to Jesse, the most noteworthy is that in Isa 11:1 : There shall come forth a shoot out of the stock of Jesse, and a branch out of his roots shall bear fruit, i.e. out of Jesse’s roots (compare Rev 5:5). Why Jesse and not David? asks Duhm; and he answers, Because the Messiah will be a second David, rather than a descendant of David. Marti explains it to mean that he will be, not from David, but from a collateral line of descent. Duhm’s explanation suggests a parallelism between David and Christ, of whom the former may be treated as a type similar to Aaron and Melchizedek in He. Saul might pour contempt upon the son of Jesse, but Isaiah has given Jesse here a name above all Hebrew names, and thus does Providence mock society. See also ROOT OF JESSE.
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Jesse
Jesse (firm), a descendant of Obed, the son of Boaz and Ruth. He was the father of eight sons from the youngest of whom, David, is reflected all the distinction which belongs to the name. He seems to have been a person of some note and substance at Bethlehem, his property being chiefly in sheep. It would seem, from 1Sa 16:10, that he must have been aware of the high destinies which awaited his son; but it is doubtful if he ever lived to see them realized. The last historical mention of Jesse is in relation to the asylum which David procured for him with the king of Moab (1Sa 22:3).
Fuente: Popular Cyclopedia Biblical Literature
Jesse
[Jes’se]
Son of Obed, a Bethlehemite, and father of David. Little is recorded of Jesse, but his name constantly occurs in the description of David as ‘the son of Jesse.’ Rth 4:17; Rth 4:22; 1Sa 16:1-22; 1Sa 17:12-20; 1Sa 17:58; Psa 72:20; Mat 1:5-6; Luk 3:32. The Lord Jesus is referred to as a branch and a root of Jesse. Isa 11:1; Isa 11:10: cf. Rev 22:16.
Fuente: Concise Bible Dictionary
Jesse
H3448
Father of David
Rth 4:17; 1Sa 17:12
Ancestor of Jesus
Mat 1:5-6
Samuel visits, under divine command, to select from his sons a successor to Saul
1Sa 16:1-13
Saul asks, to send David to become a member of his court
1Sa 16:19-23
Sons in Saul’s army
1Sa 17:13-28
Dwells with David in Moab
1Sa 22:3-4
Descendants of
1Ch 2:13-17
Fuente: Nave’s Topical Bible
Jesse
Jesse (js’se), wealthy. The father of David, the son of Obed, and grandson of Boaz and the Moabitess Ruth. He was also a descendant of Rahab the Canaanite, of Jericho. Mat 1:5. Jesse’s genealogy is twice given in full in the Old Testament, viz., Rth 4:18-22 and 1Ch 2:5-12. He is commonly designated as “Jesse, the Bethlehemite,” 1Sa 16:1; 1Sa 16:18; 1Sa 17:58; but his full title is “the Ephrathite of Bethlehem Judah.” 1Sa 17:12. He was an “old man” when noticed in 1Sa 17:12, with eight sons, 1Sa 16:10; 1Sa 17:12, residing at Bethlehem. 1Sa 16:4-5. Jesse’s wealth seems to have consisted of sheep and goats, which were under the care of David. 1Sa 16:11; 1Sa 17:34-35. After David was compelled to leave the court of Saul, he took his father and his mother into the country of Moab, and there they disappear from the records of Scripture, b.c. 1068-61.
Fuente: People’s Dictionary of the Bible
Jesse
Jes’se. (wealthy). The father of David, was the son of Obed, who again, was the fruit of the union of Boaz, and the Moabitess Ruth. His great-grandmother was Rahab, the Canaanite, of Jericho. Mat 1:5. Jesse’s genealogy is twice given in full, in the Old Testament, namely, Rth 4:18-22, and 1Ch 2:5-12.
He is commonly designated as “Jesse, the Bethlehemite,” 1Sa 16:1; 1Sa 16:18; 1Sa 17:58, but his full title is “the Ephrathite, of Bethlehem Judah.” 1Sa 17:12. He is an “old man” when we first meet with him, 1Sa 17:12, with eight sons, 1Sa 16:10; 1Sa 17:12, residing at Bethlehem. 1Sa 16:4-5.
Jesse’s wealth seems to have consisted of a flock of sheep and goats, which were under the care of David. 1Sa 16:11; 1Sa 17:34-35. After David’s rupture with Saul, he took his father and his mother into the country of Moab, and deposited them with the king, and there they disappear from our view, in the records of Scripture. (B.C. 1068-61). Who the wife of Jesse was, we are not told.
Fuente: Smith’s Bible Dictionary
JESSE
father of David
Rth 4:17; 1Sa 16:1; 1Sa 17:13; 1Sa 22:3; 1Ch 2:13; Mat 1:5
Fuente: Thompson Chain-Reference Bible
Jesse
See DAVID and See RUTH.