KEDESH
KEDESH
1. A city of refuge, in Naphtali; now Kedis, three miles northwest of lake Merom, Jos 19:37 ; 20:7. Barak the judge of Israel was born there, Jdg 4:6 2. A city in the south of Judah, Jos 15:23 .3. A city in Issachar, 1Ch 6:72 .
Fuente: American Tract Society Bible Dictionary
Kedesh
(Heb. id., , sanctuary; Sept. , but in Jos 21:32; in Jdg 4:6, v. r. 9: v. r. in 1Ch 6:72), the name of three towns in Palestine.
1. A city in the extreme southern part of the territory originally assigned to Judah (Jos 15:23, where it is mentioned between Adadah and Hazor), and doubtless included in the portion afterwards set off to Simeon (Jos 19:1-9). As the associated places seem to indicate a position towards the Dead Sea, we may conjecture that it was the same as KADESH-BARNEA (the names being the same in Heb.), which lay there, and is not mentioned in either of the foregoing lists, although it certainly was included within the district indicated.
2. A Levitical city of the tribe of Issachar (1Ch 6:72), otherwise called KISION (Jos 19:20; “Kishon,” 21:28).
3. A “fenced city” of Naphtali (Jos 19:37, where it is mentioned between Hazor and Edrei), hence also called KEDESH-NAPHTALI (i.e. Kadesh of Naphtali, Jdg 4:6); appointed as one of the cities of refuge (Jos 19:7, where it is located on Mt. Naphtali), being a Levitical city assigned to the Geshonites (Jos 21:32; 1Ch 6:76). It was one of the original Canaanitish royal cities, whose chieftains were slain by Joshua (Jos 12:22). and was reckoned as a Galilsean town (Jos 19:7; Jos 21:32; 1Ch 6:76). It was the residence of Barak (Jdg 4:6), and there he and Deborah assembled the tribes of Zebulon and Naphtali before the conflict (Jdg 4:9-10). Near it was the tree of Zaananim, where was pitched the tent of the Kenites Heber and Jael, in which Sisera met his death (Jdg 4:11). It was probably as its name implies, a “holy place” of great antiquity, which would explain its selection as one of the cities of refuge; and its being chosen by the prophetess as the spot at which to meet the warriors of the tribes before the commencement of the struggle ” for Jehovah among the mighty.” It was one of the places depopulated by Tiglath-pileser (2Ki 15:29). Josephus calls it Kedesa ( , Ant. 5:1, 18, and 24) or Cydisa (Ant. 9, 11, 1), and places it under the name of Cedasa (), on the border between Galilee and Tyre (Ant. 13:5, 6), to the latter of which it adhered in’ the final struggle (War, 3, 18, 1).
It was here that Jonathan the Maccabee gained the victory over the princes of Demetrius (, 1Ma 11:63; 1Ma 11:73). It is probably the same with the Cydis ( ) mentioned as the birthplace of Tobit (i, 1). Eusebius (Ononzast. s.v. ) mentions it by the name of Cydossos (, Jerome Cidissus), as lying in the neighborhood .of Paneas, about 20 Roman miles from Tyre. It is also probably the same with the strongly-fortified place in this district called Cydyssi by Josephus (, War, 4:2, 3). Kedesh was situated near the “plain” of Zaanaim, on. the route taken by Barak (who was a native ‘of the place) in the pursuit of Sisera, and hence must have been beyond Mt. Tabor, in the direction from the Kishon (Jdg 4:6; Jdg 4:9-11). The indications correspond very well to the position of the modern village of Kedes, discovered by Dr. Robinson on the hills west of the lake el-Huleh (Researches, 3:355; Biblibtheca Sacra, 1843, p. 11). and fully described by Rev. E. Smith (Bibl. Sac. 1849, p. 374, 375) as being a small place romantically situated on a hill in a rich and beautiful plain,- abundantly supplied with water, and containing extensive ruins apparently of Roman origin (see also Robinson’s Researches, new edit., 3:366-369; Van de Velde, Narrative, ii, 417). From the 12th century (Benj. of Tudela, in Bohl’s Early Travels, p. 89) it has been reputed to possess the graves of Deborah, Barak, Ahinoam, Jael, and Heber (Schwarz, Palest. p. 183; comp. p. 91). Porter, in 1858, saw close by the site the black tents of nomads pitched under the terebinths (Handbook for Palest. p. 443), like those of Heber the Kenite (Jdg 4:11.).
“In the Greek () and Syriac (Kedesh de Naphtali) texts ‘of Tob 1:2 though not in the Vilgate or A.V. Kedesh is introduced as the birthplace of Tobias. The text is exceedingly corrupt, but some little support is lent to this reading by the Vulgate, which, although omitting Kedesh, mentions Safed-post viam quae ducit ad .Occidentem, in sinistro habens civitatem Saphet.
“The name Kedesh exists much farther north than the possessions of Naphtali would appear to have extended, attached to a lake of considerable size on the Orontes, a few miles south of Hums, the ancient Emessa (Thomson, in Ritter, Damascus, p. 1002 sq.). The lake was well known under that name to the Arabic geographers (see, besides the authorities quoted by Robinson [iii, 594, new ed.], Abulfeda in Schultenis’s Index Geogr., ‘Fluvius Orontes,’ and ‘Kudsum’), aid they connect it in part with Alexander the Great. But this and the origin of the name are alike uncertain. At the lower end of the lake is an island which, as already remarked, is possibly the site of Ketesh, the capture of which by Sethos I is preserved in the records of that Egyptian king” (Smith).
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Kedesh
sanctuary. (1.) A place in the extreme south of Judah (Josh. 15:23). Probably the same as Kadesh-barnea (q.v.).
(2.) A city of Issachar (1 Chr. 6:72). Possibly Tell Abu Kadeis, near Lejjun.
(3.) A “fenced city” of Naphtali, one of the cities of refuge (Josh. 19:37; Judg. 4:6). It was assigned to the Gershonite Levites (Josh. 21:32). It was originally a Canaanite royal city (Josh. 12:22), and was the residence of Barak (Judg. 4:6); and here he and Deborah assembled the tribes of Zebulun and Naphtali before the commencement of the conflict with Sisera in the plain of Esdraelon, “for Jehovah among the mighty” (9, 10). In the reign of Pekah it was taken by Tiglath-Pileser (2 Kings 15:29). It was situated near the “plain” (rather “the oak”) of Zaanaim, and has been identified with the modern Kedes, on the hills fully four miles north-west of Lake El Huleh.
It has been supposed by some that the Kedesh of the narrative, where Barak assembled his troops, was not the place in Upper Galilee so named, which was 30 miles distant from the plain of Esdraelon, but Kedish, on the shore of the Sea of Galilee, 12 miles from Tabor.
Fuente: Easton’s Bible Dictionary
Kedesh
1. A town in Judah’s extreme S. (Jos 15:23). (“sanctuary”.)
2. Of Issachar, assigned to the Gershonite Levites (1Ch 6:72); Kishon in Jos 21:28 probably the better reading.
3. Kedesh Naphtali, or Kedesh in Galilee (Jos 19:37), a Levitical city of refuge assigned to the Gershonite Levites (Jos 20:7). Barak’s birthplace (Jdg 4:6; Jdg 4:9-10), where he and Deborah assembled Zebulun and Naphtali as being a “holy” place, which Kedesh means. Kedesh Naphtali is now Kades at the western edge of Huleh, the marshy basin through which Jordan passes into the sea of Merom, from which Kedesh lies N.W. four miles distant. Its site is on a high ridge jutting out from the western hills, well watered, and environed by plains well cultivated and peopled. Conder (Palestine Exploration Quarterly Statement, January, 1877, p. 25) conjectures that the Kedesh to which Barak called Israel together is distinct from Kadesh (or Kedesh) Naphtali, Barak’s native place.
For Kadesh Naphtali is 30 miles from Tabor, the scene of the battle, and separated by some of the most difficult country in Palestine. Probably Bezanaim was E. of Tabor, and answers to the modern Bessum. Harosheth of the Gentiles will thus be Harothiyeh. In this direction probably stood Kedesh, at the place now called Kadis, on the shore of the sea of Galilee. Taken by Tiglath Pileser (2Ki 15:29). Tell Hara, standing out prominently to the S.E., is connected by Lieut. Kitchener with Harosheth the head quarters of Sisera (Palestine Exploration Quarterly Statement, October, 1877, p. 197).
Fuente: Fausset’s Bible Dictionary
Kedesh
KEDESH.1. A city in the south of Judah (Jos 15:23) whose site is uncertain. It is probably to be distinguished from Kadesh-barnea. 2. A city in Issachar (1Ch 6:72), where, however, Kedesh is not improbably a textual error for Kishion of the parallel passage (Jos 21:28). 3. See next article.
Fuente: Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible
Kedesh (1)
kedesh (, kedhesh; , Kades):
(1) One of the uttermost cities of Judah toward the border of Edom in the South (Jos 15:23). Possibly it is to be identified with KADESH-BARNEA (which see); otherwise it is strange that this latter should be omitted from the list. Dillmann would identify it with Kadus, to the South of Hebron, mentioned by Muqaddasi.
(2) A town in the territory of Issachar, given to the Gershonite Levites (1Ch 6:72). In the list of Joshua (Jos 21:28) its place is taken by KISHION (which see). Conder suggests identification with Tell Abu Kades, near Megiddo.
(3) Kedesh-naphtali, the famous city of refuge in the uplands of Naphtali. It is called Kedesh, simply, in Jos 12:22, etc.; Kedesh-naphtali in Jdg 4:6; Tobit 1:2; Kedesh in Galilee in Jos 20:7, etc. It was assigned to the Gershonite Levites (1Ch 6:76). From the name holy, we gather that it was a sanctuary from old time. It was therefore a place of asylum, and only preserved its ancient character in this respect when chosen as one of the cities of refuge. It was the home of Barak, and here his host assembled. When the Assyrians invaded the land under Tiglath-pileser, it was among the first cities to be captured, and its inhabitants were deported (2Ki 15:29). Near Kedesh was fought the great battle between Jonathan the Maccabee and Demetrius (1 Macc 11:63 ff). Josephus says that in his time it belonged to the Tyrians, lying between their land and that of Galilee (Ant., XIII, v, 6; BJ, II, xviii, 1; IV, ii, 3, etc.). Eusebius, Onomasticon places it 20 miles from Tyre, near to Paneas. It is represented by the modern village of Kedes, which lies on the plateau to the West of el-Huleh. It crowns a tell which runs out in a low ridge into the little plain to the West. Near the fountain, which rises under the ridge to the North, are the most interesting of the ancient remains. There are many fine sarcophagi, some of them being used as watering-troughs. From its lofty situation, Kedesh commanded a spacious view over a richly varied landscape, with smiling cornfields, and hills clothed with oak and terebinth.
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Kedesh (2)
(1 Macc 11:63, 73, Codex Alexandrinus, , Kedes; the King James Version Cades): Scene of a battle between Judas Maccabeus and the forces of Demetrius. See KEDESH-NAPHTALI, under KEDESH, 3.
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Kedesh
Kedesh. There were two cities of this name; one in the tribe of Judah (Jos 15:23), and the other in the tribe of Naphtali (Jos 19:37). This last was the more considerable of the two; it was a Levitical city, and one of the six cities of refuge. As the Kedesh whose king was slain by Joshua is mentioned among the cities of the north (Jos 12:22), it was doubtless the Kedesh of Naphtali, of which also Barak was a native (Jdg 4:6).
Fuente: Popular Cyclopedia Biblical Literature
Kedesh
[Ke’desh]
1. City in the extreme south of Judah. Jos 15:23. Supposed by some to refer to Kadesh-barnea.
2. Canaanite city, taken by Joshua, allotted to Issachar, and given to the Levites. 1Ch 6:72. Called KISHION in Jos 19:20 and KISHON in Jos 21:28. Identified with Tell Abu Kudeis, 32 34′ N, 35 13′ E.
3. City in Naphtali, allotted to the Levites, and a city of refuge. Jos 12:22; Jos 19:37; Jos 20:7; Jos 21:32; 2Ki 15:29; 1Ch 6:76. Called KEDESH-NAPHTALI in Jdg 4:6. Identified with ruins at Kades, 33 7′ N, 35 32′ E. It has been supposed that Barak assembled his army, not at Kedesh in Naphtali, but somewhere nearer to Mount Tabor and to the river Kishon, where Sisera had his troops. Jdg 4:10-13. It was possibly at Kadish, 32 44′ N, 35 33′ E.
Fuente: Concise Bible Dictionary
Kedesh
H6943
1. A city of Judah, possibly identical with Kadeshbarnea
Jos 15:23
2. Called Kishion and Kishon. A Canaanite city taken by Joshua
Jos 12:22; Jos 19:20; Jos 21:28; 1Ch 6:72
3. Called Kedeshnaphtali:
– A city of refuge
Jos 20:7; Jos 21:32
– Home of Barak and Heber
Jdg 4:6; Jdg 4:9; Jdg 4:11
– Captured by Tiglath-Pileser
2Ki 15:29
Fuente: Nave’s Topical Bible
Kedesh
Kedesh. (k’desh), sanctuary. 1. A town on the southern boundary of Judah, Jos 15:23; perhaps identical with Kadesh or Kadesh-barnea. 2. A city of Issachar; assigned to the Gershonite Levites. 1Ch 6:72. In the parallel list, Jos 21:28, its name is Kishon. 3. A fortified city belonging to the tribe of Naphtali; allotted to the Gershonite Levites, Jos 20:7; Jos 21:32; 1Ch 6:76, and made a city of refuge. It was the residence of Barak, Jdg 4:6, and here Deborah assembled the tribes of Zebulon and Naphtali. Jdg 4:11. It was taken by Tiglath-pileser in the reign of Pekah, 2Ki 15:29, and here the battle took place between Jonathan Maccabus and Demetrius. 1Ma 11:63. Now it is a small village, Kades, ten miles north of Safed and four miles northwest of Merom, beautifully situated on a high ridge jutting out in the depressed basin through which the Jordan flows to the Sea of Merom. It is surrounded with ruins; numerous sarcophagi have been found here.
Fuente: People’s Dictionary of the Bible
Kedesh
Ke’desh. (a sanctuary).
1. In the extreme south of Judah, Jos 15:23. The same as Kadesh and Kadesh-barnea.
2. A city of Issachar, allotted to the Gershonite Levites. 1Ch 6:72. The Kadesh mentioned among the cities whose kings were slain by Joshua, Jos 12:22, in company with Megiddo and Jokneam of Carmel, would seem to have been this city of Issachar.
3. Kedesh; also Kedesh in Galilee; and once, Jdg 4:6, Kedesh-naphtali, one of the fortified cities of the tribe of Naphtali, named between Hazor and Edrei, Jos 19:37, appointed as a city of refuge, and allotted with its “suburbs” to the Gershonite Levites. Jos 20:7; Jos 21:32; 1Ch 6:76. It was the residence of Barak, Jdg 4:6, and there, he and Deborah assembled the tribes of Zebulun and Naphtali before the conflict, being probably, as its name implies, a “holy place” of great antiquity. It was taken by Tiglath-pileser in the reign of Pekah. 2Ki 15:29. It is identified with the village Kades, which lies four miles to the northwest of the upper part of the Sea of Merom.
Fuente: Smith’s Bible Dictionary
KEDESH
a city of refuge
Jos 20:7; Jos 21:32; Jdg 4:6; 2Ki 15:29