Napkin
Napkin
See Handkerchief, Napkin.
Fuente: Dictionary of the Apostolic Church
Napkin
the rendering in the A.V. of , Vulg. sudarium in Luk 19:20; John ii, 44; 20:7; which, however, is rendered “handkerchief’ in Act 19:12, where it is associated with aprons, : they are classed together, inasmuch as they refer to objects of a very similar character. Both words are of Latin origin: = sudarium, from sudo, “to sweat” (the Lutheran translation preserves the reference to its etymology in its rendering, schweisstuch); =semicinctiun, i.e., “a half girdle.” Neither is much used by classical writers; the sudar-ium is referred to as used for wiping the face (“candido frontem sudario tergeret,” Quintil. 6:3) or hands (“sudario manus tergens, quod in collo habebat,” Petron. infragm. Trugur. cap. 67); and also as worn over the face for the purpose of concealment (Sueton. in Neron. cap. 48) the word was introduced by the Romans into Palestine, where it was adopted by the Jews, in the form as in Rth 3:15. The sudarium is noticed in the N.T. as a wrapper to fold up money (Luk 19:20) as a cloth bound about the head of a corpse (Joh 11:44; Joh 20:7), being probably brought from the crown of the head under the chin and, lastly, as an article of dress that could easily be removed (Act 19:12), probably a handkerchief worn on the head like the kefieh of the Bedouin. The semicinctiunm is noticed by Martial, 14, epigr. 153, and by Petron. in Satyr. cap. 94.
The distinction between the cinctus and the semicinctium cdonsisted in its width (Isidor. Orig. 19:33): with regard to the character of the , the only inference from the passage in which it occurs (Act 19:12) is that it was easily removed from the person, and probably was worn next to the skin. According to Suidas, the distinction between the sudarium and the semicinctiuni was very small, for he explains the latter by the former, being a species of head-dress: Hesychius likewise explains by . According to the scholiast (in Cod. Steph.), as quoted by Schleusner (Lex. s.v. ), the distinction between the two terms is that the su4arlium was worn on the head, and the senicinctium used as a handkerchief. The difference was probably not in the shape, but in the use of the article; we may conceive them to have been bands of linen of greater or less size, which might be adapted to many purposes, like the article now called lungi among the Arabs, which is applied sometimes as a girdle, at other times as a turban (Wellsted) Travels, 1:321). SEE APRON; SEE HANDKERCHIEF.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Napkin
(Gr. soudarion, John 11:44; 20:7; Lat. sudarium, a “sweat-cloth”), a cloth for wiping the sweat from the face. But the word is used of a wrapper to fold money in (Luke 19:20), and as an article of dress, a “handkerchief” worn on the head (Acts 19:12).
Fuente: Easton’s Bible Dictionary
Napkin
NAPKIN.The Gr. translation napkin in the Gospels (cf. Act 19:12 handkerchief), is Lat. sudarium, and became current in the East through the extension of the Roman Empire. The piece of cloth, a yard or so square, of which the consisted, was turned to various purposes. It usually served as a head-dress to protect the head of the living from the sun, and to give a finish to their costume, but it served other purposes as well. Two of these are mentioned in the Gospels. In Luk 19:20 the unfaithful servant confesses that he had wrapped up his masters pound in a napkin. In Joh 11:44; Joh 20:7 we are told that the head of the dead had been bound about with a napkin.
With regard to Luk 19:20 the words put into the lips of the unfaithful servant are an example of Christs irony, and help to show us the true character of the servant. The fact that he admits having put the pound in a sweat-cloth is significant. It stamps him not only as a man who was discontented with his pound, but also as a man of indolent character, unwilling to use the opportunities of service which were given him. The misuse of the napkin, revealing as it does the lazy habit of the man, is of importance for the right understanding of the parable.
The reference to the napkin in Joh 20:7 is worthy of special attention in connexion with the Resurrection of Christ. Unfortunately neither the Authorized Version nor the Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885 gives the exact translation of the Greek text. The literal rendering of the passage makes it clear that the napkin which had been placed about Christs head before burial was discovered by the two disciples lying where His head had been, in the undisturbed form of a coiled or twisted head-wrapper. The verb should be rendered coiled or twisted up, and not wrapped together as in Authorized Version , or rolled up as in Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885 , and implies that the napkin was found coiled or twisted together in turban-like fashion, just as if His head had somehow slipped out of it, while the words , translated in both Authorized Version and Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885 in a place by itself, would be better translated separately (not touching the linen clothes which had been swathing the body) into one place, being the equivalent of in classical Greek. This rendering of the passage is confirmed by the impression made upon the two disciples by what they witnessed on entering the tomb. It is said that they saw and believedsaw something, that is, which persuaded them so completely that their Master was risen from the dead that their doubts were immediately resolved, and they proceeded at once to their own home (Joh 20:10) to await the development of events. For a full discussion of the passage and its bearing on the Resurrection, see H. Latham, The Risen Master, p. 40 ff.
Literature.Geikie, Holy Land and the Bible; G. M. Mackie, Bible Manners and Customs; Trench, Notes on the Parables (Parable of the Pounds).
Morison Bryce.
Fuente: A Dictionary Of Christ And The Gospels
Napkin
NAPKIN (soudarion).The cloth in which the unprofitable servant wrapped the money of his lord (Luk 19:20); used to bind the face of the dead (Joh 11:44; Joh 20:7); carried, possibly as indicated by the name (Lat. sudarium), to wipe off perspiration (Act 19:12). The Arabic renders mandl, which may be either towel, napkin, veil, or head-band. See also Dress, 5 (a), 8.
W. Ewing.
Fuente: Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible
Napkin
napkin (, soudarion; Latin sudarium): In Luk 19:20, the cloth in which the unprofitable servant wrapped the money of his lord; compare Joh 11:44; Joh 20:7; see DRESS 7; HANDKERCHIEF.
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Napkin
Any light cloth or handkerchief. Luk 19:20; Joh 11:44; Joh 20:7.
Fuente: Concise Bible Dictionary
Napkin
Napkin. Luk 19:20; Joh 11:44; Joh 20:7; Act 19:12. This term was used in much the same manner, and having much the same significance as at the present.
Fuente: Smith’s Bible Dictionary
NAPKIN
Luk 19:20; Joh 11:44; Joh 20:7
Fuente: Thompson Chain-Reference Bible
Napkin
for which see HANDKERCHIEF, is translated “napkin” in Luk 19:20; Joh 11:44; Joh 20:7. In Luk 19:20 the reference may be to a towel or any kind of linen cloth or even a sort of head-dress, any of which might be used for concealing money.
Fuente: Vine’s Dictionary of New Testament Words
Napkin
Luk 19:20 (b) This is a type of the preparations made by gifted Christians for keeping and preserving their gifts, instead of using them for the blessing of others. There are those who are well taught in the Scriptures. They listen well to sermons, but none of their talents and gifts are used for the blessing of others.
Joh 20:7 (b) Probably this is a picture of the separation that was to take place between CHRIST, the head of the Church, and His followers who constituted His Body. By this means the Saviour is telling that He was to leave this earth, leave the Christians behind, and ascend to His Father. The head was to be in Heaven, while the Church, which is His Body, was to remain on earth. Mary did not want Him to leave, and so she tried to hold Him here. For that reason the Lord forbade her to hold Him.