Protevangelium
Protevangelium
a spurious gospel ascribed to James, containing an account of the birth of Mary and of Christ. It is supposed to have been originally composed in Hebrew. Postellius brought the MS. of this gospel from the Levant, translated it into Latin, and sent it to Oporinus, a printer at Basle, where Bibliander, a Protestant divine, and the professor of divinity at Zurich, caused it to be printed in 1552. Postellius asserts that it was publicly read as canonical in the Eastern churches. SEE GOSPEL, SPURIOUS.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Protevangelium
PROTEVANGELIUM.See art. Fall in vol. i. p. 571bf.
PROVERB is the rendering of in Luk 4:23 (Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885 parable) and of in Joh 16:25; Joh 16:29 ((Revised Version margin) parable). In Joh 10:6 is rendered parable ((Revised Version margin) proverb). Ordinarily means parable proverb; but the words are sometimes interchanged in Hellenistic Greek. Both represent the Heb. mshl, the primary meaning of which is comparison. Such comparison lies at the base of many proverbs as well as parables; in fact many proverbs are only condensed parables; and a proverb usually sets up a single case as the type of a whole class. In the LXX Septuagint mshl is nearly always rendered , even when a proverb is clearly meant (1Sa 10:12; 1Sa 24:13 (14), 1Ki 4:32 (28), Eze 12:22-23; Eze 18:2-3; in some of these places Aq. [Note: Aquila.] or Symm. [Note: Symmachus.] substitutes ). is found in the canonical OT only in Pro 1:1; Pro 25:1 (A2 [Note: designates the particular edition of the work referred] ; B1 [Note: designates the particular edition of the work referred] have ); it occurs 5 times in Sirach, 10 times; at Sir 39:3; Sir 47:17 they stand together. Thus Lk., like the LXX Septuagint , uses for proverb as well as parable; while Jn., on the contrary, uses in the sense of figurative language, allegory (Joh 10:6), or dark saying (Joh 16:26; Joh 16:29) rather than proverb; perhaps, figure best represents his use of the word. On our Lords use of proverbs see following article.
Literature.Cremer, Lexicon, 8.v. ; Trench, Parables, ch. 1; art. Proverb in Hasting’s Dictionary of the Bible (by Knig) and Encyc. Bibl. (by Paterson); Knigsmann in Hase and Iken, Thes. Nov. ii. 501; Driver, LOT [Note: OT Introd. to the Literature of the Old Test.] 6 [Note: designates the particular edition of the work referred] ) p. 349.
Harold Smith.