Pygarg
PYGARG
White-rump. This is properly the name of a species of eagle; but is applied, in Deu 14:5, to a quadruped, apparently a species of gazelle or antelope. So the Syriac version and Targums. Both the Arabic versions refer it to a species of mountain goat.
Fuente: American Tract Society Bible Dictionary
Pygarg
Pygarg.
Pygarg. The Hebrew term translated pygarg in (Deu 14:5) means “leaper.” The RSV translates ibex and the NKJV has mountain goat or addax (margin). This animal probably was the white-rumped antelope. Also see Antelope, Goat.
Fuente: Plants Animals Of Bible
Pygarg
(. dishon, from dush, , to tread, or perhaps duts, , to leap; Sept. , Vulg. pygargus) occurs only (Deu 14:5) in the list of clean animals, being the name apparently of some species of antelope, though it is by no means easy to identify it. The Greek denotes an animal with a white rump, and is used by Herodotus (iv. 192) as the name ot some Libyan deer or antelope. AElian (vii, 19) also mentions the , but gives no more than the name; comp. also Juvenal (Sct. 11:138). It is usual to identify the pygarg of the Greek and Latin writers with the addax of North Africa, Nubia, etc. (Addax nasomaculatus), known to the ancient Greeks under the salme title (Oryx addax, Lieht.), which has been recognised as a beast of chase in the old Egyptian sculptures. It is widely spread over Central Africa, extending to the borders of the Nile in Nubia, and is well known to the Arabs, who still distinguish it by its ancient name, with the familiar prefix of Abu, or father Father Addas. The addax is a coarse and heavy antelope, three feet high at the withers, with a large clumsy head and stout legs. The horns exist in both sexes, are long, twisted outwards, covered with rings nearly to the points, which are sharp; the tail is long andl tufted. The head and neck are of a deep reddish brown color, with a band of white across the face; the forehead and throat are clothed with coarse black hair, and all the rest of the body and limbs is of a whitish gray hue. It is one of that group of antelopes in which we may clearly discern an approach to the bovine race. SEE OX.
Against this identification of the dishon with the addax, however, there are some considerable objections. In the first place, this antelope does not present at all the required characteristic implied by its name; and, in the second, there is much reason for believing, with Ruppell (Atlas zu der Reise im no’rd. Afrika, p. 21) and Hamilton Smith (Griffith’s Cuvier’s Anim. Kingdom, 4:193), that the addax is identical with the strepsiceros of Pliny (N. It. 11:37), which animal, it must be observed, the Roman naturalist distinguishes from the Pygargus (viii, 53). Indeed, we may regard the identity of the addax and Pliny’s strepsiceros as established; for when this species was, after mamny years, at length rediscovered by Hemprich and Ruppell, it was found to be called by the Arabic name of akas or adas, the very name which Pliny gives as the local one of his strepsiceros. The pyqsargus, therefore, must be sought for in some animal different from the addax. The required characters seem to be found in a group of antelopes described by Mr. Bennett (Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. i). They have many peculiarities in common with the group which includes the spring-bok (Antidorcas euchore) and the houte-bok (Damalis pygarga), those fine white-rumped species of South Africa, but are distinguished by the characters of the horns, which are larger, thicker, more bovine, and of bolder curvature, turning first almost horizontally backwards, and then hooked abruptly forwards. The legs are long, the neck long and slender, and there is a white patch on the throat in all the species. The group is confined to the northern half of the African continent. The best-known species is the mhorr (Antilope mhorr, Bennett), which stands two feet eight inches high at the croup. The horns are ringed from the base about half- wayr up, whence to the tip they are round, smooth, and obtusely pointed. The expression of the face is gentle; the eye large, dark, and liquid. The tail is long, close-haired at the base, but tipped with a tuft of long black hair a very ox-like character. The general hue of the coat, which is short and sleek, is a deep brownish red; the line of the belly and the inner surface of the limbs are white. But the whole region around the base of the tail is pure white, abruptly separated from the dark red of the flanks; the patch running forwards in a point on each hip, and downwards on the posterior slurface of the thighs. The strong contrast of the two colors has a very singular effect, and wouuld probably be seized on to form a descriptive appellation. Two males of this beautiful species were sent to the Zoological Society from Morocco; they were not, however, indigenous to that country, but had been brought from the eastern side of the desert. The species is hunted by the Arabs for the sake of the stomachal concretion called bezoar, to which it is peculiarly subject, and which is so highly valued in Oriental pharmacy. These stones are called in Morocco baid el- mhorr, or mhorr’s eggs. There is, however, another species, considerably larger than the mhorr, but lhaving the same general form and the same distributions of the colors. It is the addra (A. ruficolis), a fine beast found in the wastes of Nubia by Ruppell, and by Hemprich and Ehrenberg in Dongola. This animal stands about three feet three inches high at the croup and is five feet four inches in length. It is seen in considerable flocks on the eastern borders of the Great Desert, and may well have been the pygarg of the ancients. See Tristram, Natural History of the Bible, p. 126; Wood, Bible Animals, p. 141 sq.; Bible Educator, ii, 24, 135, 167. SEE ANTELOPE.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Pygarg
Heb. dishon, “springing”, (Deut. 14:5), one of the animals permitted for food. It is supposed to be the Antelope addax. It is described as “a large animal, over 3 1/2 feet high at the shoulder, and, with its gently-twisted horns, 2 1/2 feet long. Its colour is pure white, with the exception of a short black mane, and a tinge of tawny on the shoulders and back.”, Tristram’s Natural History.
Fuente: Easton’s Bible Dictionary
Pygarg
dishon. A clean animal (Deu 14:5). A generic name for the “white rumped (as pugarg means in Greek) antelope” of northern Africa and Syria. The Septuagint has translated the Hebrew by “pygarg”; living near the habitat of the pygarg they were likely to know. The mohr kind is best known, 2 ft. 8 in. high at the croup. The tail is long, with a long black tuft at the end; the whole part round the base of the tail is white, contrasting with the deep brown red of the flanks. Conder (Palestine Exploration, July, 1876) makes it the “gazelle”.
Fuente: Fausset’s Bible Dictionary
Pygarg
PYGARG (dshn).A clean animal, Deu 14:5 only. From its associates in the same verse it may be inferred that it was a deer of some kind. The LXX [Note: Septuagint.] tr. [Note: translate or translation.] is, on what grounds is not known, pygargos, i.e. white-rumped (hence the Eng. pygarg). This description and a process of exclusionthe hart, roebuck, etc., all being otherwise accounted formake it probable that the dshn was the addax (A. nasomaculatus), an antelope with a white tail and long, backward-curved, twisted horns. It is rare in Palestine to-day, but is known to the Bedouin.
E. W. G. Masterman.
Fuente: Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible
Pygarg
pgarg (, dshon; Septuagint , pugargos; compare proper nouns, Dishon and Dishan (Gen 36:21-30; 1Ch 1:38-42); according to BDB, Hommel, Saugethiere, derives , from , dush, Arabic das, to tread, and compare Assyrian dashshu, mountain-goat): Dshon as the name of an animal occurs only in Deu 14:5 in the list of clean beasts. Both the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) have pygarg, which is not the recognized name of any animal whatever. The Septuagint pugargos (from , puge, rump, and , argos, white) was used by Herodotus (iv. 192) as the name of an antelope. A white rump is a very common feature of deer and antelopes, and is commonly explained as enabling the fleeing herd easily to keep in sight of its leaders. It has been used as a specific name of Cervus pygargus, the Tartarian roe, and Bubalis pygargus, a small South African antelope. The Arabic Bible has ri’m, a white gazelle, a kindred word to re’em, the King James Version unicorn, the Revised Version (British and American) wild-ox. Tristram, Tristram, Natural History of the Bible, considers dshon to be the addax, Antilope addax or Addax nasomaculatus. There is excellent reason, however, for believing that the range of this African antelope does not extend into Palestine, Sinai or Arabia. For a discussion of the animal names in Deu 14:4, Deu 14:5, see ZOOLOGY.
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Pygarg
dishon. This animal is only mentioned as clean for food. Deu 14:5. The word pygarg signifies, as some think, ‘white on its hind quarters,’ which agrees with some of the antelopes; others think it is probably a gazelle, and others the addax, the Antilope addax.
Fuente: Concise Bible Dictionary
Pygarg
Probably a species of antelope.
Deu 14:5
Fuente: Nave’s Topical Bible
Pygarg
Pygarg. Deu 14:5, A.V. Probably the antelope known as the addax.
Fuente: People’s Dictionary of the Bible
Pygarg
Pygarg. Pygarg, occurs, Deu 14:5, in the list of clean animals as the rendering of the Hebrew, dishon, the name apparently of one species of antelope, though it is by no means easy to identify it.