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Ximenes, Francisco de Cisneros cardinal-archbishop, grand-inquisitor of Castile, and regent of Spain, was descended from a family belonging to the inferior nobility of Castile, and originally resident in the town from which its appellative was derived. He was born in 1436, and named Gonzales, the name Francisco being a later monastic substitute. Early destined for … Continue reading “Ximenes, Francisco de Cisneros”

Ximenes, Didacus A Spanish Dominican of the sixteenth century; noted as a theologian, philosopher, and astronomer; d. 1560. He took his licentiate in law at Salamanca, and there, before Christmas, 1543, received the habit of the Friars Preachers from the hands of Dominic Soto, then prior of the Dominican convent at Salamanca. The vocation of … Continue reading “Ximenes, Didacus”

Xerxes (; Pers. Kheshwershe, or Ks’harsa ; according to Benfey, K’hshyarshe), king of Persia, is chiefly known for his gigantic but unsuccessful invasion of Greece (Herod. 7:8; Diod. Sic. 11). He was the son of Darius Hystaspis, and of Atossa, daughter of Cyrus. He succeeded his father, 485 B.C., having been declared heir to the … Continue reading “Xerxes”

Xerophagia (, from , dry, and , to eat) were fast-days in the early ages of the Christian Church, on which they ate nothing but bread and salt, and drank water; but afterwards pulse, herbs, and fruits were added. Epiphanius says, “throughout the Holy Week people continue to use dry food, viz. bread and salt, … Continue reading “Xerophagia”

Xeodoxins are a sect among the Japanese who acknowledge a future state, and believe in the immortality of the soul. Amidas is their favorite deity, and the bonzes of this sect go up and down the public streets and roads, summoning devotees by the sound of a bell, and distributing indulgences and dispensations, constantly crying … Continue reading “Xeodoxins”

Xenxi a sect of materialists in Japan, who believe in no other life than the present. Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature

Xenophanes of Colophon (c. 570- c 480 B.C.) A contemporary of Pythagoras who may have been a student of Anaximander. Usually associated with the Milesian school, his studies carried him into an examination of the phenomena of nature. He held that all living creatures had an origin, that plants and animals had natural origins. — … Continue reading “Xenophanes of Colophon”

Xenophaneis a Greek philosopher, was born at Colophon, Ionia, probably about 570 B.C. He was the son of Orthlomenes, or, according to others, of Dexius. He left his native land as an exile, and betook himself to the Ionian colonies, Sicily, Zancle, and Catana. There can be no doubt that, as the founder of the … Continue reading “Xenophaneis”

Xenocrates a Greek philosopher, was born in Chalcedon, 396 B.C. He was originally a pupil of Eschines, the Socratic philosopher, and afterwards of Plato. His intimate connection with Plato is indicated by the account that he accompanied that master to Syracuse. After the death of Plato he betook himself, with Aristotle, to Hermias, tyrant of … Continue reading “Xenocrates”

Xeniades a Greek philosopher, was a native of Corinth. The age in which he flourished is uncertain. Our knowledge of him is derived chiefly from Sextus Empiricus, who represents him as the most ultra sceptic, maintaining that all notions are false, and that there is absolutely nothing true in the universe. Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, … Continue reading “Xeniades”