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Autonymy In the terminology introduced by Carnap, a word (phrase, symbol, expression) is autonymous if it is used as a name for itself — for the geometric shape, sound, etc. which it exemplifies, or for the word as a historical and grammatical unit. Autonymy is thus the same as the Scholastic suppositio matertalis (q. v.), … Continue reading “Autonymy”

Autonomy of the will (in Kant’s ethics) The freedom of the rational will to legislate to itself, which constitutes the basis for the autonomy of the moral law. — P.A.S. Fuente: The Dictionary of Philosophy

Autonomy of ethics A doctrine, usually propounded by intuitionists, that ethics is not a part of, and cannot be derived from, either metaphysics or any of the natural or social sciences. See Intuitionism, Metaphysical ethics, Naturalistic ethics. — W.K.F. Fuente: The Dictionary of Philosophy

Autonomy (Gr. autonomia, independence) Freedom consisting in self-determination and independence of all external constraint. See Freedom. Kant defines autonomy of the will as subjection of the will to its own law, the categorical imperative, in contrast to heteronomy, its subjection to a law or end outside the rational will. (Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of … Continue reading “Autonomy”

Automaton Theory Theory that a living organism may be considered a mere machine. See Automatism. Fuente: The Dictionary of Philosophy

Automatism, Conscious The automatism of Hodgson, Huxley, and Clifford which considers man a machine to which mind or consciousness is superadded; the mind of man is, however, causally ineffectual. See Automatism; Epiphenomenalism. — L.W. Fuente: The Dictionary of Philosophy

Automatism (Gr. automatos, self-moving) (a) In metaphysicsTheory that animal and human organisms are automata, that is to say, are machines governed by the laws of physics and mechanics. Automatism, as propounded by Descartes, considered the lower animals to be pure automata (Letter to Henry More, 1649) and man a machine controlled by a rational soul … Continue reading “Automatism”

Autographs of the prophecies, gospels, etc., are the identical or original documents written by the respective authors of the books of Scripture. Copies taken from these are termed autographs. None of these original MSS. are now remaining, nor could their preservation be expected, without the intervention of a miracle, during the space of nearly eighteen … Continue reading “Autographs”

AUTOCEPHALI BISHOPS This denomination was given to such bishops in the primitive church as were exempted from the jurisdiction of others. Fuente: Theological Dictionary

autocephali (Greek: autokephaloi, independent) Certain bishops in early Christian times, not subject to any patriarch or metropolitan , but dependent directly on a triennial provincial synod or on the Holy See. Fuente: New Catholic Dictionary Autocephali (Gr., autokephaloi, independent). A designation in early Christian times of certain bishops who were subject to no patriarch or … Continue reading “Autocephali”