Bacon, John (3)
Bacon, John
(Johannes Anglicus, Johannes De Baconthorpe).
An English Carmelite and theologian, born towards the end of the thirteenth century at the place in the county of Norfolk whence he derives his name; died in London, 1346. He is not to be confounded with Francis de Bachone, the Spanish Carmelite, reader of divinity in Paris from 1362 Procurator General, 1366, doctor, 1369, Provincial of Catalonia (d. circa 1390), doctor sublimis. John Bacon, surnamed doctor resolutus, entered the order at Snitterley, Norfolk, studied at Oxford and Paris, was bachelor previous to 1321, and master in 1325. From 1329 till 1333 he was Provincial of England; the remainder of his life was consecrated to study. He possessed a penetrating mind, and wrote on all the subjects belonging to the ordinary course of studies. His writings comprised more than one hundred and twenty volumes, but are for the greater part lost. The most celebrated among them were those on the Gospels, especially St. Matthew, on St. Paul, and the commentary on the “Sentences,” which was printed in 1510 at Milan, and for a time became the textbook in the Carmelite Order. Bacon follows Averroes in preference to St. Thomas with whom he disagrees on many points. He adopted a system of Realism according to which the universals do not follow but precede the act of the intellect. Truth is materially and causally in the external object, formally in the intellect; in the order of generation and perfection the first subject is the individual substance; although the external object is in itself intelligible, the active intellect is required to render it ultimately intelligible; the conformity of the thing thought with the external object constitutes truth. The final cause of all things is God; but although the first object of our knowledge be the Divine essence Bacon does not admit that this knowledge comes to us by the light of our natural reason; it is, in his opinion, a supernatural gift of grace.
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B. ZIMMERMAN Transcribed by Dick Meissner
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IICopyright © 1907 by Robert Appleton CompanyOnline Edition Copyright © 2003 by K. KnightImprimatur. +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York
Fuente: Catholic Encyclopedia
Bacon, John
an English writer of the fourteenth century; born at Baconthorp, in Norfolk, and styled the Resolute Doctor (Doctor Resolutus). He took the degrees of doctor of canon and civil law and of divinity at Paris, and became so strongly attached to the opinions of the Averroists that he was looked upon as their head. In 1329 he was elected provincial of the Carmelite order, which he had entered in his youth, and died at London in 1346. He wrote Commentaria super quatuor libros senfentiarum (Paris, 1484, fol., often reprinted), and many other works. See Dupin, Hist. Eccl. Writers, 14th cent.; Landon, Eccl. Dict. 1:192.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Bacon, John (1)
a Congregational minister, was born at Canterbury, Conn., and was a graduate of the College of New Jersey in 1765. He was settled as colleague pastor with Rev. John Hunt over the Old South Church in Boston, Sept. 25, 1771; but in consequence of some differences in theological opinions, he was dismissed Feb. 8, 1775, and removed to Stockbridge, Mass. He now entered public life, and filled various offices, to which he was called by his fellow-citizens; among which were those of associate and presiding judge of the Common Pleas, a member of the state Senate-of which also he was at one time the president-and member of Congress. He died Oct. 20, 1820. See Allen, Amer. Biog. s.v. (J. C. S.)
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Bacon, John (2)
an eminent English sculptor, was born at Southwark, in Surrey, Nov. 24, 1740. At the age of fourteen he was bound as an apprentice to a china- manufacturer. where he first was employed to paint the ware, but, discovering a taste for modelling, he was soon employed for this purpose, and in less than two years he modelled all the figures for the manufactory. He progressed rapidly, and received nine premiums from the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, etc.-the first in 1758 for a figure of Peace. In 1768 he began to work in marble, and invented an instrument, now in general use by English sculptors, for transferring the form of the model to the marble. In 1776 he received the first gold medal from the Royal Academy, and in 1770 was elected an associate of that institution. He was commissioned to execute a bust of the king for the hall of Christ College, Oxford, which won him the royal patronage. In 1777 he executed the monument to the memory of Guy, the founder of Guy’s Hospital, which was considered so admirable that the city of-London engaged him to erect a monument to the earl of Chatham. In 1778 he was elected Royal Academician, and completed the beautiful monument to the memory of Mrs. Draper in the cathedral church at Bristol. He had several other principal works in Westminster Abbey and in St. Paul’s Cathedral. He died in London, Aug. 7, 1799.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Bacon, John (3)
an English Wesleyan minister, was born in 1804. He was converted at the age of twenty; began the work in 1829; labored at Ipswich, Horsham, and Keighley; became a supernumerary in 1836 at Salford, and died June 30, 1838. He devoted his utmost energies to the work of the ministry, and many souls were converted under his labors. See Minutes of the British Conference, 1838.