Bembo Pietro
Bembo, Pietro
A famous Italian scholar and Cardinal, b. of a noble family at Venice, 20 May, 1470; d. at Rome, 18 January, 1547. He was the son of Bernardo Bembo, whose enthusiasm for Italian literature led him to raise a monument to Dante at Ravenna. His early education was received at Florence. He afterwards studied Greek under Lascaris at Messina and philosophy under Pomponazzo at Padua. After spending some time at the court of Ferrara, where he met Lucrezia Borgia, with whom he maintained a Platonic friendship for many years, he went in 1506 to Urbino, where he became the leading figure among the brilliant group of men of wit and culture gathered about the court. In 1512 he accompanied his intimate friend, Giuliano de’ Medici, to Rome, where a short time afterwards he was appointed secretary to Pope Leo X. He remained at Rome for eight years, enjoying the society of many distinguished men and loved and admired by all who knew him. There he became enamoured of the beautiful Morosina. It was at her urgent solicitation that Bembo, in 1520, on the death of Leo X, withdrew from public affairs and retired with his health impaired by severe sickness to Padua, where he lived in ease and elegance, devoting himself to literary pursuits and the society of his learned friends. Here he collected an extensive library and formed a rich museum of medals and antiquities. His Paduan retreat became the gathering-place of all the most cultured and most scholarly men in Italy. In 1529 he accepted the office of historiographer of the republic of Venice, and shortly afterwards was appointed librarian of St. Mark’s. In 1539 Pope Paul III recalled him to Rome and conferred on him the cardinal’s hat. From the time of Bembo’s ecclesiastical preferment there was a marked change in his conduct. Heretofore his life had been anything but edifying — in fact it had been more pagan than Christian. But now he renounced the study of the classics and applied himself chiefly to the study of the Fathers and the Holy Scriptures. Two years after he was raised to the cardinalate, he was made Bishop of Gubbio, and still later he received the Bishopric of Bergamo. He died more admired and lamented than any man of letters of his time and was buried not far from Pope Leo in the Church of the Minerva.
Bembo was a thorough master of elegant diction. He possessed beyond any contemporary the formal perfection of style, both in Latin and Italian, demanded by the age in which he lived. In his Latin writings it was his aim to imitate as closely as possible the style of Cicero. His letters were masterpieces of Latin style and of the art of letter-writing. He is said to have passed his compositions through numerous portfolios, revising them in each one of them. Bembo’s works include a history of Venice, poems, dialogues, criticisms and letters. The most important are: “Rerum Veneticarum Libri XII” (1551), a history of Venice covering the period from 1487 to 1513, originally published in Latin, but afterwards translated by the author into Italian; “Gli Asolani” (Venice, 1505), a dialogue in Italian on Platonic love, composed in imitation of Cicero’s Tusculan Disputations, and dedicated to Lucrezia Borgia; “Le Prose”, a short treatise on the Italian language; “Le Rime” (Venice, 1530); “Carmina” (Venice, 1533), a collection of Latin poems; and several volumes of letters, written in Latin. Besides these original works he edited the Italian poems of Petrarch, printed by Aldus (1501), and the “Terze rime” of Dante (1502). His collected works were published at Venice in four volumes in 1729.
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SYMONDS, Renaissance in Italy (New York, 1900), II; The Revival of Learning; GARNETT, A History of Italian Literature (New York, 1898); VON REUMONT, Gesch. Der Stadt Rom.; TIRABOSCHI, Stor. Lett. Ital. (1809), VII, 1, 110-111, 235-251; III, 926-931, 1120; IV, 1560; BATTAGLIA, Elogio del Cardinale P. Bembo (Venice, 1827); BECCATELLI, Vita di Pietro Bembo, cardinale, in Istor. case Venez. (1718), II, xxxii-li.
EDMUND BURKE
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IICopyright © 1907 by Robert Appleton CompanyOnline Edition Copyright © 2003 by K. KnightImprimatur. +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York
Fuente: Catholic Encyclopedia
Bembo Pietro
(Lat. Petrus Bembus), a celebrated Italian prelate and scholar, wav born at Venice, May 20, 1470. He was son of a senator, who was distinguished for his learning. His father being sent as ambassador to Florence, young Bembo commenced his studies in that city. and afterwards continued them at home. His style was in accordance with that of the time. In order to study Greek, so much desired at that time in Italy, under a more highly renowned master, viz. the celebrated Lascaris, Bembo went to Messina, where, he spent two years. He at length finished his course of philosophy at Padua. Choosing a literary career, Bembo assumed the ecclesiastical garb, that he might the better devote himself to study. Among the princes of Italy who especially favored him was Alphonso d’Este, duke of Ferrara, and through him he gained the friendship of the famous Lucretia Borgia. In order to advance his education he spent some years at the court of Urbino, which was another literary resort. In 1502 he commenced to write a little in the Italian language, and published in 1525 a work entitled Prose. In 1512 he attached himself to Julian de Medicis, whom he accompanied to Rome, and obtained soon after the commandery of Bologne from Julius II. Leo X, a pontiff more favorable to literature and art than Julius was, being on the throne, made Bembo his intimate secretary. The distinguished men, the cardinals Bibiena and Julius de Medicis, the poets Tebaldeo and Accolti, the artist Raphael, and the principal lords of Rome were the friends of Bembo. Many positions of ease and luxury were offered him. At the death of Leo X, his protector, the beautiful Morosina, who had borne Bembo several children, enabled him to erect at Padua a temple of the Muses; also a library, one of the most beautiful of the time, nind made a collection of medals and monuments of antiquity, among which we notice the famous Isiac table. On the accession of Clement VII, Bernbo returned to Rome to pay homage to the new pope; and aon his return to Padua he accepted the position of historiographer of Venice, and traced the history from 1486 to 1530, which history was not published until four years after his death. It was written in Latin, but has been translated and published in Italian under the title Istoria Vinizrana (Venice, 1552). This work naturally led to the appointment of Bembo as librarian. Being constituted cardinal by Paul III, he went to Rome, where he allied himself with one of the distinguished men of his time, the English cardinal Polus. Bembo now changed his course, renounced profane literature, and studied the fathers and theologians; and was successively made bishop of Gubbio and of Bergamo. He died Jan. 18, 1547. Many honors were bestowed upon him for his learning and merit. He was the chief of Ciceronians of his epoch. He was a purist in Italian as in Latin. In prose he wrote less his language than that of Boccaccio, and represented less his ideas than those of Petrarch. His works of various kinds were published under the title Opera di P. Bembo (Venice, 1729). See Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, s.v.; Chalmers, Biog. Dict. s.v.