Caius
Caius
Third century Christian author . He held a disputation at Rome with Proclus, a Montanist leader, in the course of which he gives valuable evidence of the death of Saint Peter and Saint Paul at Rome and the public veneration of their remains.
Fuente: New Catholic Dictionary
Caius
A Christian author who lived about the beginning of the third century. Little is known about his personal history. Eusebius mentions him several times and tells us (Hist. Eccl., VI, xx) that he held a disputation with Proclus a Montanist leader at Rome in the time of Pope Zephyrinus (199-217), and calls him a learned man and an ecclesiastic. This latter designation need not imply that he was a priest. Several extracts from the dialogue against Proclus are given by Eusebius (Hist. Eccl., II, xxv; III, xxxi; VI, xx). Caius is also mentioned by Jerome (de Vir. Ill., 59), Theodoret (Haer. Fab., II, iii), and Nicephorus Callistus (Hist. Eccl., IV, xii-xx), all of whom derived their information from Eusebius. Photius (Bibl. Cod., 48) gives some additional data drawn from a marginal note in a manuscript copy of the work on the “Nature of the Universe” in which Caius is said to have been a presbyter of the Roman Church and to have been elected “Bishop of the Gentiles”. These indications, resting as they do on a confusion of the Anti-Montanist Caius with Hippolytus, are absolutely valueless. Additional light has been thrown on the character of Caius’s dialogue against Proclus by Gwynne’s publication of some fragments from the work of Hippolytus “Contra Caium” (Hermathena, VI, p. 397 sq.); from these it seems clear that Caius maintained that the Apocalypse of John was a work of the Gnostic Cerinthus.
We owe to Caius a very valuable evidence of the death of Sts. Peter and Paul at Rome, and the public veneration of their remains at Rome about the year 200. It is taken from the above-mentioned disputation with Proclus, and reads as follows (Euseb., Hist. Eccl., II, 25): “But I can show the trophies of the Apostles. For if you will go to the Vatican or to the Ostian Way you will find the trophies of those who laid the foundations of this church”. By “trophies” is of course understood the memorial chapel that preserved in each case the body of the Apostle (cf. Barnes, St. Peter in Rome, London, 1900, p 145).
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The fragments of Caius are printed in ROUTH, Reliquiae Sacrae (Oxford, 1846), II, 125-58, and in P.G., X, 25-36. Cf. ZAHN, Geschichte des neutestamentl. Kanons, II, 985-991; HARNACK, Chronologie, II, 206, 223, 226; BARDENHEWER, Geschichte der altchristlichen Litteratur (Freiburg, 1901), I, 525.
PATRICK J. HEALY Transcribed by Matthew Reak
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IIICopyright © 1908 by Robert Appleton CompanyOnline Edition Copyright © 2003 by K. KnightNihil Obstat, November 1, 1908. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., CensorImprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York
Fuente: Catholic Encyclopedia
Caius
(Gr. , i.e. Gaius) is the name of several early Christians, not otherwise noted.
1. Only one Gaius is named among the seventy disciples by Dorotheus, and he is said to have succeeded Timothy in the see of Ephesus. In the Menologyhe is commemorated Nov. 4. This may be the Gaius who is , addressed in the third epistle of John, if we suppose Diotrephes to have held the see when the epistle was written.
2. Caius, bishop of Pergamos, is named in the Apostolical Constitutions (vii, 46).
3. The twenty-first bishop of Jerusalem, according to Eusebius (H. E. v, 12), and called Gaianus in the Chronicon (sub anno 160); and by Epiphanius (Hcer. 66, p. 637).
4. The twenty-third bishop of Jerusalem, and called Gaius in the Chronicon (sub anno 160). ‘Only one of these is named in Rufinus.
5. Martyr, of Eumenea, at Apamea, who refused to be reckoned with the Montanist martyrs. In the Roman martyrologies he is commemorated March 10.
6. Arrested with Dionysius of Alexandria, A.D. 250, and confined with him in a desert place of Libya. He is commemorated with Dionysius by the Greeks, Oct. 4, as a deacon and martyr.
7. Priest of Didda, was excommunicated, with the approval of Cyprian (Ep. 28), for receiving the lapsed without penance. He is supposed by Tillemont (iv, 94) to have been one of five schismatics named in epistle 40.
8. Gaius, Fortunatus, and Antus are commemorated, Aug. 28, at Salerno, as patron saints; and are supposed to have been companions of Felix. They are not mentioned in the martyrologies of that day, but the first two are frequently joined in the Hieronymian martyrology e.g. Jan. 19, Feb. 2, March 4.
9. One of the martyrs of Saragossa.
10. Martyr, at Nicomedia, Oct. 12, with twelve soldiers, and commemorated in the Roman martyrologies.
11. One of the forty martyrs of Sebaste. This name is frequently mentioned in the Hieronymian martyrology, and occurs in the Lesser Roman martyrology on April 19 (at Militana) and on Nov. 20 (at Messina). Usuard adds one (at Bononia) Jan. 4, and one drowned March 4.
12. Deacon of Alexandria, who followed Arius, and signed his letter to St. Alexander.
13. Orthodox bishop of Thumis, in Egypt, who assisted at the councils of Tyre, Sardica, and Nice. He had to flee from the Arian persecution, and perhaps appears at the Council of Alexandria in A.D. 362, as bishop of Paretonia, in the Libyan desert.
14. The Arian bishop of Pannonia, who was at the Council of Milan in 335, and at the Council of Rimini in 359, maintained the third confession of Sirmium, and was deposed. Afterwards he was reinstated, and sent on a deputation to Constantius. The Semi-Arians who were deposed at Constantinople in 360 asked the Western churches to hold him excommunicated, which they accordingly did, in 371.
15. A heretic, to whom Augustine writes in 390 his epistle 19, sending him all his books.
16. Supposed Donatist bishop at Carthage; others read Carus.
17. Patriarch of Alexandria. SEE GAIANUS (6).
18. Monk. SEE DIONYSIUS THE AREOPAGITE.