Callinicus
Callinicus
A titular see in Asia Minor. The city was founded by Alexander the Great under the name of Nicephorium, and restored by Seleucus Callinicus, King of Syria (246-225 B.C.), who gave his name to it. In the fifth century of our era it was refortified by Emperor Leo I, after which it was commonly known to Byzantine geographers as Callinicus or Leontopolis, being mentioned by Hierocles and Georgius Cyprius among others. Two famous battles were fought on the broad surrounding plain, one in 531 between Belisarius and the Persians, the other in 583 between the Persians and Mauritius. Callinicus was a suffragan of Edessa, the metropolis of Osrhoene. Four bishops are mentioned by Lequien (II, 696); Paul, deposed in 519 as a Monophysite, translated into Syriac so many Greek works that he is called by the Jacobites “the interpreter of books”. The patriarch Michael the Syrian mentions twenty Jacobite bishops of Callinicus from the eighth to the thirteenth century (Revue de l’Orient chrétien, VI, 1901, 193). Eubel (I, 333, note 2) mentions a Latin titular in 1369. Callinicus is to-day Raqqah (Rakka), nine miles west of the confluence of the rivers Belik (Bilichus) and Euphrates, the centre of a caza in the vilayet of Aleppo, the population consisting chiefly of wandering tribes. It contains about 2000 tents. On its rich plain are pastured many camels and Arab thoroughbred horses, but the vicinity is not very safe.
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SMITH, Dict. of Greek and Roman Geography (London, 1878), s.v. Nicephorium, II, 424.
S. VAILHÉ Transcribed by Matthew Reak
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IIICopyright © 1908 by Robert Appleton CompanyOnline Edition Copyright © 2003 by K. KnightNihil Obstat, November 1, 1908. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., CensorImprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York
Fuente: Catholic Encyclopedia
Callinicus
is likewise the name of a martyr at Apo.
1. Ionia under Decius, commemorated Jan. 28; and of a third, commemorated Dec. 14.
2. A Greek sophist and rhetorician, usually assigned to the reign of Gallienus, A.D. 259-268. Clinton (Fasti Rom. ann. 266) points out that the sophist is also assigned to a later date and thinks that Suidas may have confounded two Callinici. Among the Works ascribed to him by Suidas (p. 1961 B) are ten books on Alexandrian history, referred to by Jerome (Prorm. Com. in Daniel).
3. Bishop. of Perga, in Pamphylia, at the Council of Nice, A.D. 325.
4. A. Melitian bishop of Pelusium, who slandered Athanasius in 331, accused him at Tyre, in 335, of breaking a chalice, and of deposing and ill- treating himself. He was. present at the Council of Sardica, and asked permission of the Council of Nice to persevere in schism.
5. Bishop elect of Sangra, sent by Eusebius of Ancyvra, who was himself unwilling to, ordain him, to Proclus, patriarch of Constantinople, for ordination (A.D. 434-446). He was sent back, however, to Eusebius, who ordained him. He died Soon after.
6. Bishop of Apamea, in Bithynia, named the patriarch of Antioch, as well as those of Rome and Constantinople, as leading him to condemn Dioscorus at the Council of Chalcedon (A.D. 451)..
7. Patriarch of Constantinople, A.D. 693 (or 692) till 705, was previously presbyter and treasurer of the Church of Blachernze. Soon after his appointment he offended the emperor Justinian by refusing to compose a prayer to be said at the removal of a church. It soon came to his ears that orders had been given to Stephen, the governor of Constantinople, for a general massacre of its inhabitants, to begin with the patriarch. This intelligence, doubtless, dispose, him to receive Leontius as a deliverer; and he accompanied that usurper to the font on his entry into the city, publicly welcoming him with the cry, “This is the. day which the Lord hath made.” On the return of Jutstinian, in 705, Callinicus was deprived of his eyes and banished to Rome. See Theophilus, Chron. p. 313; Niceph. Constant. Brevitrlium, p. 28.