Ch’ang sheng

(a) Everlasting existence, such as that of Heaven and Earth, because of their “not existing for themselves.” (Lao Tzu). (b) Long life, as a result of the nourishment of the soul and rich accumulation of virtue. (Taoist philosophy), (c) Immortality, to be achieved through internal alchemy and external alchemy (lien tan). (Taoist religion). — W.T.C.