Corneille, Michel, the Younger
Corneille, Michel, the Younger
French painter, etcher and engraver, b. in Paris in 1642; d. at the Gobelins manufactory at Paris, 16 August, 1708. He was the son of an artist, Michel Corneille of Orléans, and on this account is sometimes called the “younger Michel”. He is also and more commonly known as the “elder Corneille” (Corneille l’Aîné), to distinguish him from a younger brother, Jean-Baptiste Corneille, also a painter. His father was the first and the most indefatigable of his teachers; his other masters were Mignard and the celebrated Lebrun. Devoting himself wholly to historical painting, Michel won the Academy Prize and went to Rome on the king’s pension; but feeling his genius hampered by the restrictions of the prize, he gave up the money so that he might study the antique in his own way. Coming under the then powerful influence of the Eclectics, he studied with the Carracci and modelled his style on theirs. In 1663 he returned to Paris and was elected a member of the Royal Academy, his picture on entering being “Our Lord’s Appearance to St. Peter after His Resurrection”. In 1673 he became an adjunct, and, in 1690, a full, professor in the Academy.
Corneille painted for the king at Versailles, Meudon, and Fontainebleau, and decorated in fresco many of the great Paris churches, notably Notre-Dame, the church of the Capuchins, and the chapel of Saint-Grégoire in the Invalides. His style, reminiscent of the old masters, is the conventional style of the Eclectics; his drawing is remarkably careful and exact, the expression on the faces of his religious subjects is dignified and noble, the management of chiaroscuro excellent, and the composition harmonious, but suggestive of the Venetian School. From his insufficient knowledge of the composition of pigments, the colour in many of his pictures has suffered such a change that it is to-day disagreeable; but the artist possessed a good colour-sense, and contemporary records go to prove that his colour was refined and pleasing. He etched and engraved over a hundred plates in a bold and free style, for he was a master of the line; but he subsequently spoiled the effect by too much and too precise work with the graver. A dishonest dealer put Raphael’s name on some of Michel Corneille’s plates, and for a long time no one disputed their attribution to the great master. For many years Corneille resided at the Gobelins manufactory, and was sometimes called “Corneille des Gobelins”. Among his paintings are a “Repose in Egypt”, now in the Louvre, and a “Baptism of Constantine”, in the museum at Bordeaux. Among his more important etched and engraved works are: “The Nativity”; “Flight into Egypt”; “Abraham journeying with Lot” (wrongly ascribed to Raphael), and “Jacob wrestling with the Angel”, a plate after Annibale Caracci.
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Mémoires inédits sur la vie et les ouvrages de l’Académie royale de peinture (Paris, 1884); Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon (Berlin, 1870); DURRIEN, La peinture à l’exposition de primitifs français (Paris, 1904).
LEIGH HUNT Transcribed by Anthony J. Stokes
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IVCopyright © 1908 by Robert Appleton CompanyOnline Edition Copyright © 2003 by K. KnightNihil Obstat. Remy Lafort, CensorImprimatur. +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York
Fuente: Catholic Encyclopedia
Corneille, Michel, the Younger
a French painter and engraver, son of the foregoing, was born at Paris in 1642. He studied at Rome, and soon after his return to Paris was received into the Academy, painting for his reception-piece The Calling of Peter and Andrew to the Apostleship. He engraved a great number of plates, among which are the following: God Appearing to Abraham; Abraham Setting out with his Son Isaac for the Sacrifice; The Conception of the Virgin; The Baptist Preaching in the Desert; Abraham Sending away Hagar; Christ and the Virgin Appearing to St. Francis; Jacob Wrestling with the Angel. He died in 1708. See Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, s.v.; Spooner, Biog. Hist. of the Fine Arts, s.v.