Heavy, Heaviness
Heavy, Heaviness
hevi, hevi-nes (, kabhedh, , de’aghah; , lupe):
1. Literal
Heavy (heave, to lift) is used literally with respect to material things, as the translation of kobhedh, heaviness (Pro 27:3, a stone is heavy); of kabhedh, to be weighty (1Sa 4:18; 2Sa 14:26; Lam 3:7); of amas, to load (Isa 46:1 the King James Version; compare Mat 26:43; Mar 14:40; Luk 9:32, Their eyes were heavy); bareomai, to be weighed down.
2. Figuratively
It is used (1) for what is hard to bear, oppressive, kabhedh (Exo 18:18; Num 11:14; 1Sa 5:6, 1Sa 5:11; Psa 38:4; Isa 24:20); motah, a yoke (Isa 58:6, the Revised Version (British and American) bands of the yoke); kasheh, sharp, hard (1Ki 14:6, heavy tidings); barus, heavy (Mat 23:4); (2) for sad, sorrowful (weighed down), mar, bitter (Pro 31:6, the Revised Version (British and American) bitter); ra, evil (Pro 25:20); ademoneo, literally, to be sated, wearied, then, to be very heavy, dejected (Mat 26:37, of our Lord in Gethsemane, (he) began to be sorrowful and very heavy, the Revised Version (British and American) sore troubled); ademonein denotes a kind of stupefaction and bewilderment, the intellectual powers reeling and staggering under the pressure of the ideas presented to them (Mason, The Conditions of our Lord’s Life on Earth); compare Mar 14:33; (3) morose, sulky, as well as sad, sar, sullen, sour, angry (1Ki 20:43; 1Ki 21:4, heavy and displeased); (4) dull, kabhedh (Isa 6:10, make their ears heavy; Isa 59:1, neither (is) his ear heavy); (5) tired seems to be the meaning in Exo 17:12, Moses’ hands were heavy (kabhedh); compare Mat 26:43 and parallels above.
Heavily is the translation of kebhedhuth, heaviness (Exo 14:25), meaning with difficulty; of kadhar, to be black, to be a mourner (Psa 35:14 the King James Version, the Revised Version (British and American) I bowed down mourning); of kabhedh (Isa 47:6).
Heaviness has always the sense of anxiety, sorrow, grief, etc.; de’aghah, fear, dread, anxious care (Pro 12:25, Heaviness in the heart of a man maketh it stoop, the Revised Version margin or care); kehah, to be feeble, weak (Isa 61:3, the spirit of heaviness); panm, face, aspect (Job 9:27 the King James Version, I will leave off my heaviness, the Revised Version (British and American) (sad) countenance; compare 2 Esdras 5:16; The Wisdom of Solomon 17:4; Ecclesiasticus 25:23); ta’anyah, from ‘anah, to groan, to sigh (Isa 29:2, the Revised Version (British and American) mourning and lamentation); tughah, sadness, sorrow (Psa 119:28; Pro 10:1; Pro 14:13); , taanth, affliction of one’s self, fasting (Ezr 9:5, the Revised Version (British and American) humiliation, margin fasting); katepheia, dejection, sorrow (literally, of the eyes) (Jam 4:9, your joy (turned) to heaviness); lupe, grief (Rom 9:2, the Revised Version (British and American) great sorrow; 2Co 2:1, the Revised Version (British and American) sorrow); lupeomai (1Pe 1:6, the Revised Version (British and American) put to grief); for nush, to be sick, feeble (Psa 69:20, the Revised Version margin sore sick), and ademoneo (Phi 2:26 the Revised Version (British and American) sore troubled), the King James Version has full of heaviness. Heaviness, in the sense of sorrow, sadness, occurs in 2 Esdras 10:7, 8, 24; Tobit 2:5; lupe (Ecclesiasticus 22:4, the Revised Version (British and American) grief; 30:21, Give not thy soul to heaviness, the Revised Version (British and American) sorrow; 1 Macc 6:4); lupeo (Ecclesiasticus 30:9, the Revised Version (British and American) will grieve thee; penthos (1 Macc 3:51, etc.).
The Revised Version has heavier work for more work (Exo 5:9); heavy upon men for common among men (Ecc 6:1); for were heavy loaden (Isa 46:1), are made a load; for the burden thereof is heavy (Isa 30:27), in thick rising smoke.
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Heavy, Heaviness
“grief, sorrow,” is rendered “heaviness” in the AV of Rom 9:2; 2Co 2:1 (RV, “sorrow,” in both places). See GRIEF, SORROW.
probably denotes a downcast look, expressive of sorrow; hence, “dejection, heaviness;” it is used in Jam 4:9.
“to be troubled, much distressed,” is used of the Lord’s sorrow in Gethsemane, Mat 26:37; Mar 14:33, AV, “to be very heavy,” RV, “to be sore troubled;” of Epaphroditus, because the saints at Philippi had received news of his sickness, Phi 2:26, AV, “was full of heaviness,” RV, “was sore troubled.” See TROUBLE. B, No. 12.
“to distress, grieve” (akin to A, No. 1), is rendered “are in heaviness” in 1Pe 1:6, AV (RV, “have been put to grief”); here, as frequently, it is in the Passive Voice. See GRIEF, SORROWFUL.
always in the Passive Voice in the NT, is rendered “were heavy” in Mat 26:43; Mar 14:40; Luk 9:32. See BURDEN.
Note: For “heavy laden,” Mat 11:28, see LADE, No. 3.
“heavy” (akin to B, No. 3), is so rendered in Mat 23:4. See GRIEVOUS.