JEALOUSY
See under ADULTERY. The idol of jealousy, Eze 8:3,5, is the same with Thammuz in Eze 8:14 . See THAMMUZ.
Fuente: American Tract Society Bible Dictionary
Jealousy
Jealousy, as the translation of (vb. , denotes the state of mind which arises from the knowledge or fear or suspicion of rivalry. (1) It is often begotten of self-love. Those who have come out of heathen darkness into Christian light should no longer walk in strife and jealousy (Rom 13:13), which are characteristics of the carnal or selfish mind (1Co 3:3). Bitter jealousy ( ) and faction, in which rivals are each jealous of the other, as the stung are of the adder (King Lear, v. i. 56f.), and exult over () every petty triumph achieved, are an antithesis of Christianity, a lying against the truth (Jam 3:14). Where jealousy and faction are, there is anarchy () and every vile deed (Jam 3:16). The Jewish opponents of the gospel were filled with jealousy, e.g. in Jerusalem (Act 5:17) and Pisidian Antioch (Act 13:45). Jealousies (, 2Co 12:20, Gal 5:20) are the inward movements or outward manifestations of this un-Christian feeling.
(2) But the heat of jealousy (cf. ) is not always false fire. To the Corinthians St. Paul says, I am jealous over you with a godly jealousy ( , 2Co 11:2), i.e. with a jealousy like that of God. In the OT Jahweh is the husband of Israel, loving her and claiming all her love; in which sense He is a jealous God. A somewhat similar jealousy is once ascribed to Christ (in Joh 2:17, , zeal); and St. Paul, who has betrothed the Corinthian Church to the Lord, and hopes to present her as a pure bride to Him, is jealous over her on His behalf, feeling the bare thought that she may after all give herself to another to be intolerable. Some take to mean with a zeal for God, but the context demands a stricter sense of the word.
James Strahan.
Fuente: Dictionary of the Apostolic Church
JEALOUSY
Is that particular uneasiness which arises from the fear that some rival may rob us of the affection of one whom we greatly love, or suspicion that he has already done it. The first sort of jealousy is inseparable from love, before it is in possession of its object; the latter is unjust, generally mischievous, and always troublesome.
Fuente: Theological Dictionary
Jealousy
Jealousy is here taken to be synonymous with envy. It is defined to be a sorrow which one entertains at another’s well-being because of a view that one’s own excellence is in consequence lessened. Its distinctive malice comes from the opposition it implies to the supreme virtue of charity. The law of love constrains us to rejoice rather than to be distressed at the good fortune of our neighbour. Besides, such an attitude is a direct contradiction of the spirit of solidarity which ought to characterize the human race and, especially, the members of the Christian community. The envious man tortures himself without cause, morbidly holding as he does, the success of another to constitute an evil for himself. The sin, in so far as it defies the great precept of charity, is in general grievous, although on account of the trifling matter involved, as well as because of the lack of deliberation, it is often reputed to be venial. Jealousy is most evil when one repines at another’s spiritual good. It is then said to be a sin against the Holy Ghost. It is likewise called a capital sin because of the other vices it begets. Among its progeny St. Thomas (II-II:36) enumerates hatred, detraction, rejoicing over the misfortunes of one’s fellow, and whispering. Regret at another’s success is not always jealousy. The motive has to be scrutinized. If, for instance, I feel sorrow at the news of another’s promotion or rise to wealth, either because I know that he does not deserve his accession of good fortune, or because I have founded reason to fear he will use it to injure me or others, my attitude, provided that there is no excess in my sentiment, is entirely rational. Then, too, it may happen that I do not, properly speaking, begrudge my neighbour his happier codition, but simply am grieved that I have not imitated him. Thus if the subject-matter be praiseworthy, I shall be not jealous but rather laudably emulous.
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JOSEPH F. DELANY Transcribed by Joseph P. Thomas In memory of Mrs. Maria Gahr
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VIIICopyright © 1910 by Robert Appleton CompanyOnline Edition Copyright © 2003 by K. KnightNihil Obstat, October 1, 1910. Remy Lafort, S.T.D., CensorImprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York
Fuente: Catholic Encyclopedia
Jealousy
(, ), properly the feeling of suspicion of a wife’s purity (Numbers 5, 14); often used of Jehovah’s sensitive regard for the true faith of his Church (Exo 20:5, etc.; 2Co 11:2). SEE MARRIAGE. The same term is sometimes used for anger or indignation, or an intense interest for the honor and prosperity of another (Psa 79:5; 1Co 10:22; Zec 1:14; Zec 8:2). Conjugal jealousy is one of the strongest passions of our nature (Pro 6:34; Son 8:6). When God is said to be a jealous God, or to be moved to jealousy, or when the still stronger expression is used, Jehovah, whose name is Jealous (Exo 24:14), we are to understand this language as employed to illustrate, rather than to represent, the emotions of the divine mind. The same causes operating upon the human mind would produce what we call anger, jealousy, repentance, grief, etc.; and therefore, when these emotions are ascribed to the mind of God, this language is used because such emotions can be represented to us by no other. Thus God is represented to us as a husband, related to his Church by a marriage covenant that binds her to be wholly for him, and not for another. The more sincere and constant the love, the more sensitive is the heart to the approach of a rival and the thought of such affection being alienated or corrupted fills the soul with grief and indignation. So God commends the purity, the fervency, and the sincerity of his love to his Church by the most terrific expressions of jealousy. SEE IDOLATRY.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Jealousy
suspicion of a wife’s purity, one of the strongest passions (Num. 5:14; Prov. 6:34; Cant. 8:6); also an intense interest for another’s honour or prosperity (Ps. 79:5; 1 Cor. 10:22; Zech. 1:14).
Fuente: Easton’s Bible Dictionary
JEALOUSY
There are two aspects of jealousy in the Bible, one bad, the other good. Jealousy in the bad sense is envy the feeling of resentment or hate that people have towards those who have more influence, power, ability, status, fame or possessions than they (Gen 30:1; Gen 37:11; 1Sa 18:8-9; Job 5:2; Psa 106:16; Mat 27:18; Act 5:17; 1Jn 3:12). Such jealousy is a characteristic of sinful human nature, but the Spirit of Christ and the power of love in a persons life can overcome it (Pro 27:4; Rom 13:13-14; 1Co 13:4; Gal 5:21; Jam 3:14-16).
Jealousy in the good sense is the desire a person has for the well-being of someone he or she loves. It is a desire so strong that it demands faithfulness and opposes all that would tempt to unfaithfulness (Num 5:12-15; Pro 6:32-35). This is what the Bible means when it speaks of God being jealous for his people. He desires their faithfulness and has a deep concern for their well-being (Exo 20:4-5; Deu 6:15; Jos 24:19; Psa 78:58; Zec 1:14; 1Co 10:21-22; Jam 4:5).
Likewise the godly leader who is concerned for the spiritual progress of Gods people may speak of himself as being jealous for them (2Co 11:2). In the same way the person who is concerned to uphold the honour of Gods name is jealous for God (1Ki 19:10; Eze 39:25). Jealousy may therefore include the idea of zeal for all that is right and opposition to all that is wrong (Num 25:11-13; Deu 4:24; Nah 1:2; Joh 2:17; 2Co 7:11).
Fuente: Bridgeway Bible Dictionary
Jealousy
JEALOUSY.This word is not used in the Gospels, though Joh 2:17 has = (Psa 69:10) = jealousy for thy house; and one of Jesus disciples was Simon (Luk 6:15, Act 1:13) = Simon (Mar 3:18), a man who had belonged to that party in the Jewish State which was so jealous for the sole sovereignty of God in Israel that it regarded the recognition of any other (.g. by paying tribute to Caesar) as a form of treason. But the thing which the OT means by , in all its aspects, is everywhere present in the NT, and especially in the Gospels.
1. The jealousy of God in the OT is connected with the truth that He is God alone, and it is expressed mainly in two ways. First, in the exclusive claims which He makes for Himself: Thou shalt have no other gods before me (Exo 20:3); Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, etc. (Deu 6:5); I am the Lord, that is my name; and my glory will I not give to another, neither my praise unto graven images (Isa 42:8). This exclusiveness or intolerance of GodHis jealousy for Himself, as it may be calledpervades the OT. It is the source of that compulsion which He puts upon the human race to learn the most important lesson which the mind is capable of receiving, that there is one only, the living and true God. This is the presupposition not only of all uplifting religion, but of all science, and of all morality which rises above caste and convention; and what we see in the OT is the jealousy of God working monotheism into the constitution of a race who should impart it to the world. In this sense the jealousy of God is represented in the mind of Christ by the exclusive claims which He makes for Himself, and in the rest of the NT by the reiteration of these claims through the lips of His disciples. Sometimes the expression of it is informal: e.g. He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me (Mat 10:37); or, Blessed is he whosoever shall find none occasion of stumbling in me (Mat 11:6). Sometimes, again, it is quite explicit: No one knoweth the Son save the Father; neither doth any know the Father save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son willeth to reveal him (Mat 11:27). In the Fourth Gospel this tone predominates, and there could not be more precise and formal expressions of the jealousy of God, as God is revealed in Christ, than are found, e.g., in Joh 1:18; Joh 8:24; Joh 14:6 (see art. Preaching Christ). This jealousy of God for Himself is echoed in passages like Act 4:12 (There is none other name, etc.), 1Co 3:11 (Other foundation can no man lay, etc.), Gal 1:8 f. (Though we or an angel from heaven should preach unto you any other gospel, etc.: the peculiarity of the Pauline as opposed to the Judaizing gospel being that it ascribed the whole of salvation to Christ alone, and did not share His glory with the Law), and 2Jn 1:9 f.
The second way in which the jealousy of God expresses itself in the OT is in Gods unreserved identification of Himself with His people. It is a jealousy for them, in which their cause is His, in which His honour (if such a word can be used in such a connexion) is touched if they are wronged, in which His love rises into passion, and takes on itself responsibilities for them of which they would not have dared to think. Sometimes this, too, is informally expressed: e.g. He that toucheth you toucheth the apple of his eye (Zec 2:8). Sometimes it is quite explicit: e.g. the great Messianic promises of Isa 9:1 ff. are sealed in Isa 9:7 by The jealousy of Jahweh of hosts shall do this. Cf. also the striking passage Zec 8:2 ff. All this is reproduced in the mind and words of Jesus. He is jealous for His people, especially for the little ones (who, however, are not so much a class of Christians, as Christians generallya weak and inconsiderable folk in ordinary eyes), and nothing that concerns them is alien to Him. The very slightest service done them has a reward solemnly assured to it (Mat 10:42); the sin of causing one of them to stumble is denounced with a passion which startles us still as we read (Mat 18:6); cf. art. Anger, 2 (a). The most thrilling illustration of this jealousy of Jesus for His little ones is given in the Final Judgment: Inasmuch as ye did it (or, did it not) to one of these least, my brethren, ye did it (or, did it not) unto me (Mat 25:40; Mat 25:45). Jealous love can go no further than this.
2. Since God, especially God revealed in Christ, is in this twofold sense a jealous God, it is clear that there must be in the Christian religion and character a corresponding intensity and passion. Christians ought to be jealous for Christ, sensitive to all that dishonours Him, and especially to all that degrades Him from the place which He claims, and which belongs to Him alone. The NT gives Him what He demands, the name which is above every name; and it is inconsistent with jealousy for Him to give Him only a name alongside of other namesto classify Him, as is often done, with prophets or religious heroes or founders of religions. Jealousy, no doubt, is apt to be a turbid virtue; the OT examples of itPhinehas, Elijah, and Jehnall illustrate this; and even in Christian history jealousy for Jesus as sole Lord and Saviour has often been confounded with zeal for a definition of ones own making, or for the predominance of ones own ecclesiastical or political faction. Of all virtues, it is the one which most readily calls the old man into the field to reinforce the new, a process which always ends in disaster. Nevertheless, it is the primary virtue of a Christian, just as the keeping of the first commandment was the primary virtue of a Jew.
3. Apart from their use in the sense of an ardent and exclusive devotion to God in Christ, and to the cause of Christ in His people (2Co 11:2), the associations of the words , in the NT are rather repellent. Sometimes is anger (Act 5:17), the Heb. being at least once rendered in LXX Septuagint ; often it is envy (Act 13:45 : so the verb Act 7:9, Act 17:5); in this sense, too, it is frequently combined with (Rom 13:13, 1Co 3:3, 2Co 12:20, Gal 5:20); only rarely does it denote a keen and affectionate interest (2Co 7:7; 2Co 7:11). But this last sense is the one which is really congruous with the fundamental import of jealousy as the sense of self-respect and of honour in the God who is revealed in Christ as Love.
James Denney.
Fuente: A Dictionary Of Christ And The Gospels
Jealousy
JEALOUSY.The law of the jealousy ordeal (in which a wife suspected of unfaithfulness had to prove her innocence by drinking the water of bitterness [holy water mixed with dust from the floor of the Tabernacle]) is found in Num 5:11-31. The conception of idolatry as adultery and of Jehovah as the Husband of Israel led the OT writers frequently to speak of Him as a jealous God (Exo 20:5, Deu 5:9, Jos 24:19, 1Ki 14:22, Psa 78:58, Eze 36:6, Nah 1:2). This jealousy is the indication of Jehovahs desire to maintain the purity of the spiritual relation between Himself and His people. Extraordinary zeal for this same end is characteristic of the servants of Jehovah, and is sometimes called jealousy with them (2Co 11:2, Num 25:11; Num 25:13, 1Ki 19:10). A few times the word is used in a bad sense (Rom 13:13, 1Co 3:3, 2Co 12:20, Gal 5:20, Jam 3:14; Jam 3:16).
D. A. Hayes.
Fuente: Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible
Jealousy
jelus-i (, kin’ah; , zelos): Doubtless, the root idea of both the Greek and the Hob translated jealousy is warmth, heat. Both are used in a good and a bad sense – to represent right and wrong passion.
When jealousy is attributed to God, the word is used in a good sense. The language is, of course, anthropomorphic; and it is based upon the feeling in a husband of exclusive right in his wife. God is conceived as having wedded Israel to Himself, and as claiming, therefore, exclusive devotion. Disloyalty on the part of Israel is represented as adultery, and as provoking God to jealousy. See, e.g., Deu 32:16, Deu 32:21; 1Ki 14:22; Psa 78:58; Eze 8:3; Eze 16:38, Eze 16:42; Eze 23:25; Eze 36:5; Eze 38:19.
When jealousy is attributed to men, the sense is sometimes good, and sometimes bad. In the good sense, it refers to an ardent concern for God’s honor. See, e.g., Num 25:11 (compare 1Ki 19:10; 2Ki 10:16); 2Co 11:2 (compare Rom 10:2). In the bad sense it is found in Act 7:9; Rom 13:13; 1Co 3:3; 2Co 12:20; Jam 3:14, Jam 3:16.
The law of jealousy is given in Nu 5:11-31. It provided that, when a man suspected his wife of conjugal infidelity, an offering should be brought to the priest, and the question of her guilt or innocence should be subjected to a test there carefully prescribed. The test was intended to be an appeal to God to decide the question at issue. See ADULTERY; SACRIFICE.
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Jealousy
qana, ‘to be inflamed.’ The warm affection that cannot bear to see its loved one enticed by another, as a man is jealous of his wife, Num 5:14; as Paul felt for the Corinthian saints, 2Co 11:2; and as God regarded the people and the land which He had chosen, and upon which He had placed His name. Psa 79:5; Eze 39:25; Joe 2:18; Zec 1:14; Zec 8:2. “Jehovah, whose name is jealous, is a jealous God.” Exo 34:14.
Moses speaks of Jehovah provoking Israel to jealousy by their seeing Gentiles coming into blessing. Paul also sought to do the same that they might be saved. Deu 32:21; Rom 10:19; Rom 11:11; Rom 11:14.
THE IMAGE OF JEALOUSY, which provoketh to jealousy, was seen in a vision by the prophet, set up in the temple (Eze 8:3-5), as when Manasseh set up the graven image in the house of Jehovah, 2Ki 11:7; though doubtless by the scope of the prophecy reference is made to secret idolatry in connection with the service of the temple, and to secret idols in the hearts of those who were professedly the worshippers of God: such would assuredly provoke the jealousy of Jehovah.
THE LAW OF JEALOUSY, when a man suspected his wife of being unfaithful to him, is given in Num 5:11-31. The woman was required to drink bitter water, composed of ‘holy water,’ in which was placed dust from the floor of the tabernacle (type of the Holy Spirit applying what death is, as God’s judgement of sin, by the word to the conscience). If she had been unfaithful it would be a curse to her. It pointed figuratively to the question of Israel’s unfaithfulness to Jehovah.
Fuente: Concise Bible Dictionary
Jealousy
General references
Pro 6:34; Pro 27:4; Ecc 4:4; Son 8:6
Law concerning, when husband is jealous of his wife
Num 5:12-31
Image of
Eze 8:3-4
Attributed to God
– General references
Exo 20:5; Exo 34:13-14; Num 25:11; Deu 29:20; Deu 32:16; Deu 32:21; 1Ki 14:22; Psa 78:58; Psa 79:5; Isa 30:1-2; Isa 31:1; Isa 31:3; Eze 16:42; Eze 23:25; Eze 36:5-6; Eze 38:19; Zep 1:18; Zep 3:8; Zec 1:14; Zec 8:2; 1Co 10:22 Anthropomorphisms
A spirit of emulation
Rom 10:19; Rom 11:11 Emulation; Envy
Figurative
2Co 11:2
Instances of:
– Cain, of Abel
Gen 4:5-6; Gen 4:8
– Sarah, of Hagar
Gen 16:5
– Joseph’s brethren, of Joseph
Gen 37:4-11; Gen 37:18-28
– Saul, of David
1Sa 18:8-30; 1Sa 19:8-24; 1Sa 20:24-34
– Joab, of Abner
2Sa 3:24-27
– Nathan, of Adonijah
1Ki 1:24-26
– Ephraimites, of Gideon
Jdg 8:1
– Ephraimites, of Jephthah
Jdg 12:1
– The brother, of the prodigal son
Luk 15:25-32
– Sectional, between Israel and the tribe of Judah
2Sa 19:41-43
Fuente: Nave’s Topical Bible
JEALOUSY
(1) Divine
Exo 20:5; Exo 34:14; Deu 4:24; Deu 29:20; Jos 24:19; 1Ki 14:22; 1Co 10:22
–SEE Undivided Service, WORK AND WORKERS, RELIGIOUS
(2) Examples of Human
Joseph’s Brethren
Gen 37:4
The Men of Ephraim
Jdg 8:1
King Saul
1Sa 18:8; 2Sa 19:41; Pro 6:34
The Labourers in the Vineyard
Mat 20:12
The Elder Brother
Luk 15:28
–SEE Envy (2), ENVY
Fuente: Thompson Chain-Reference Bible
Jealousy
WATERS OF. See ADULTERY.