Master
Master
In the Acts, Epistles, and Apocalypse three words (, , ) are translated master in the Revised Version . The Authorized Version has masters for in Jam 3:1, the etymological meaning of magistri (so the Rhem. [Note: Rhemish New Testament.] in Heb 5:12). The Revised Version uses teacher uniformly.
1. In Act 27:11 the Revised Version has the master for (from , Lat. gubernare, govern), governor. So also Rev 18:17. The notion is that of steersman (cf. Eze 27:8; Eze 27:27 f.).
2. The term is strictly the antithesis of , and signifies absolute ownership and uncontrolled power (Thayer Grimms Gr.-Eng. Lexicon of the NT). So we have it in 1Ti 6:1 f., a pertinent warning to the Christian not to presume on the new fellowship in Christ with their , but to give them all the more honour and service. Christianity should make better (cf. also Tit 2:9). In 1Pe 2:18 is in contrast with ; so in 2Ti 2:21 it is . In 2Pe 2:1 Christ is called as One Who has purchased His servants. So also Jud 1:4 and possibly Rev 6:10, though the latter may refer to God as in the Septuagint (cf. Gen 15:2; Gen 15:8 etc.) and Act 4:24.
3. The other term, , has a wider meaning and is applicable to various relations and ranks of life, and does not necessarily suggest absolutism. The word is originally an adjective from , meaning valid, authoritative ( ), and so the master or owner. It is applied to the masters who exploited the poor girl for gain in Act 16:16; Act 16:19. It stands in opposition to , as in Eph 6:5; Eph 6:9, Col 4:1-2. In Act 16:30 the jailer uses merely as a term of respect to St. Paul and Silas. In Act 9:5 (Act 22:8) St. Paul uses it in asking Jesus who He is, Who art thou, Lord? It is not certain that St. Paul here meant more than respect. It is applied to God as the Ruler of the universe. used for God is translated Lord (q.v. [Note: .v. quod vide, which see.] ) (cf. Act 17:24, 1Ti 6:15, Rev 4:8, etc.). With St. Paul, it may be noted, usually refers to Christ (cf. Rom 1:4, Gal 6:18) except in the OT quotations (cf. Rom 4:8; Rom 9:28 f.; but note 1Co 3:5). The use of for Nero makes a polemical parallelism between the cult of Christ and the cult of Caesar (Deissmann, Light from the Ancient East, Eng. translation , 1911, p. 353).
A. T. Robertson.
Fuente: Dictionary of the Apostolic Church
MASTER
A person who has servants under him; a ruler, or instructor. The duties of masters relate to the civil concerns of the family. To arrange the several businesses required of servants; to give particular instructions for what is to be done, and how it is to be done; to take care that no more is required of servants than they are equal to; to be gentle in our deportment towards them; to reprove them when they do wrong, to commend them when they do right; to make them an adequate recompense for their services, as to protection, maintenance, wages and character.
2. As to the morals of servants. Masters must look well to their servants’s characters before they hire them; instruct them in the habits of virtue; watch over their morals, and set them good examples.
3. As to their religious interests. They should instruct them in the knowledge of divine things, Gen 14:14. Gen 18:19. Pray with them and for them, Jos 24:15. Allow them time and leisure for religious services, &c. Eph 6:9.
See Stennett on Domestic Duties, ser. 8; Paley’s Moral Phil. vol. 1: 233, 235; Beattie’s Elements of Moral Science, vol. 1: 150, 153; Doddridge’s Lec. vol. 2: 266.
Fuente: Theological Dictionary
Master
is the rendering in the A.V. of the following Heb. and Greek words: , adon’, , properly lord, as usually rendered; , baual, an owner hence master in the prevalent sense, ; also , rsab, great or chief, usually in combination; ; sar, prince or captain, ; finally , teacher. On masters of assemblies (Ecc 12:11), SEE ASSEMBLY. For master of the feast, SEE ARCHITRICLINUS.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Master (2)
in a Christian point of view, is a person who has servants under him; a ruler or instructor. The duties of masters relate, 1. To the civil concerns of the family. They are to arrange the several businesses required of servants; to give particular instructions for what is to be done, and how it is to be done; to take care that no more is required of servants than they are equal to; to be gentle in their deportment towards them; to reprove them when they do wrong, to commend them when they do right; to make them an adequate recompense for their services, as to protection, maintenance, wages, and character. 2. As to the morals of servants. Masters must look well to their servants’ characters before they hire them; instruct them in the principles and confirm them in the habits of virtue; wsatch over their morals, and set them good examples. 3. As to their religious interests. They should instruct them in the knowledge of divine things (Gen 14:14; Gen 18:19); pray with them and for them (Jos 24:15); allow them time aetl leisure for religious services, etc. (Eph 6:9). See Stennett, On Domestic Duties, ser. 8; Paley’s Moral Philosophy, 1:233, 235; Beattie’s Elements of Moral Science, 1:150, 153; Doddridge’s Lectures, 2, 266.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
MASTER
Throughout the countries of the region of the Bible story, many households were very large and included slaves and hired workers. The head of the household was commonly referred to as the master, and he exercised considerable authority (Gen 14:14; Gen 24:2; Gen 24:9; 1Sa 25:14; 1Sa 25:17).
In recognition of the dangers that accompanied such authority, Israelite law laid down that a master did not have the right to treat his servants as he wished. He had to recognize their rights, and be fair and honest in all his dealings with them (Exo 21:8-11; Exo 21:20; Exo 21:26-27; see SLAVE).
The New Testament further emphasizes the responsibility of masters towards their servants. Christian masters in particular are to be careful the way they treat their servants, because they themselves are answerable to a master, Jesus the Lord (Eph 6:9; Col 4:1; see WORK).
All Christians are servants of this divine Master and must give him their total allegiance (Mat 6:24; see JESUS CHRIST, sub-heading Jesus as Lord). One day their Master will assess their faithfulness in service and reward them accordingly (Mat 25:14-30; Mar 13:33-37; Rom 14:4; 1Co 4:1-5; see also STEWARD).
Fuente: Bridgeway Bible Dictionary
Master
MASTER (Lat. magister from root of magnus = great. Hence master corresponds to rabbi, which is from great; and in Authorized Version is frequently translation master, e.g. Mat 26:25, Mar 9:5, Joh 4:31, though in all such cases Revised Version NT 1881, OT 1885 retains rabbi).The word most generally rendered master is , which strictly means teacher; and this meaning is given in every case as an alternative reading in (Revised Version margin) , e.g. Mat 8:19; Mat 22:16, Mar 5:35; Mar 10:17, Luk 3:12; Luk 8:49, Joh 11:28; Joh 13:13-14. In Luk 8:24; Luk 9:33 the Gr. word for master is , a word generally used in the sense not of teacher but of chief or overseer. In Mat 23:10 , rendered master, is more correctly translation leader or guide. Master was the ordinary title of courtesy and respect paid to a religious teacher. See art. Rabbi.
Dugald Clark.
Fuente: A Dictionary Of Christ And The Gospels
Master
MASTER.The Greek word for teacher is tr. [Note: translate or translation.] master in 2Ma 1:10, Jam 3:1, and in all its occurrences in the Gospels except Luk 2:46, where it is doctor, and Joh 3:2 teacher. See Lord and Slave.
Fuente: Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible
Master
We use this term upon various occasions, and it is very commonly received among men, such as servants to their employers, children to their teachers, and the like; but strictly and properly speaking, it belongs to none but to the Lord Jesus Christ. So Christ himself enjoined: “Call no man your master, for one is your master, even Christ.” (Mat 23:10) There is certainly a somewhat of great softness in the expression in relation to Christ. We should not give this title to the person of God the Father, or God the Holy Ghost; it seems too familiar. But eyeing Jesus in our own nature, the heart feels a nearness of affection, and the terms then of master, honoured Lord, seem expressive both of duty and love. Every thing in Jesus, and every office in Jesus, makes this title pleasant. You call me master, and Lord, (saith that gracious Redeemer to his disciples when upon earth) “and you say well, for so I am.” (Joh 13:13) I know not whether I shall offend, but I cannot forbear making a quotation from the writings of an eminently devout man of the sixteenth century upon the subject: I mean, George Herbert, who seemeth to have hung upon the name of Jesus his master, as the bee hangs upon the flower.
How sweetly doth my master sound, my master!
As ambergris leaves, a rich scent.
Unto the taster-
So doth these words a sweet content,
An oriental fragrancy-my master!
My master! shall I speak? O that to thee
My servant were a little so,
As flesh might be,
That these two words might creep and grow
To some degree of spiciness to thee!
For when my master, which alone is sweet,
And ev’n my unworthiness pleasing,
Shall call and meet
My servant, as thee not displeasing,
That call is but the breathing of the sweet.
This breathing would with gains, by sweet’ning me,
(As sweet things traffic when they meet)
Return to thee:
And so this new commerce, and sweet,
Should all my life employ and busy me.
Fuente: The Poor Mans Concordance and Dictionary to the Sacred Scriptures
Master
master (, ‘adhon, , baal, , rabb; , despotes, , didaskalos, , kurios, , rhabb): Master, when the translation of ‘adhon, ruler, lord (Sir), often translated lord, denotes generally the owner or master of a servant or slave (Gen 24:9, etc.; Gen 39:2, etc.; Exo 21:4, etc.; Deu 23:15 bis; 2Sa 9:9, 2Sa 9:10 twice; Pro 30:10); elsewhere it is rather lord or ruler (often king, e.g. 1Sa 24:6, 1Sa 24:8; 1Sa 26:16); in the plural ‘adhonm, it is, as the rule, used only of God (but see Gen 19:2, Gen 19:18; Deu 10:17; Psa 136:3, Lord of lords; Isa 26:13, other lords; Isa 19:4 (Hebrew lords); Isa 24:2). Baal, lord, owner, is translated master: the master of the house (Exo 22:8; Jdg 19:22, Jdg 19:23); the ass his master’s crib (Isa 1:3). We have it also translated masters of assemblies (Ecc 12:11). See ASSEMBLIES, MASTERS OF. Compare Ecclesiasticus 32:1, master (of a feast), the Revised Version (British and American) ruler; Joh 2:9, ruler of the feast; rabh (Dan 1:3; Jon 1:6, shipmaster); rabh, Aramaic, great, mighty, elder (Dan 4:9; Dan 5:11, master of the magicians); also sar, head or chief (Exo 1:11, taskmasters; 1Ch 15:27, master of the song, the Revised Version margin the carrying of the ark, Hebrew the lifting up); ur, to call, to awake, is also rendered master in the King James Version, The Lord will cut off the man that doeth this, the master and the scholar, margin him that waketh and him that answereth, the Revised Version (British and American) as the King James Version margin (Mal 2:12).
The verb to master does not occur in the Old Testament, but we have in Apocrypha (The Wisdom of Solomon 12:18) mastering thy power (despozon ischuos), the Revised Version (British and American) being sovereign over (thy) strengh.
In the New Testament despotes answers to ‘adhon as master (1Ti 6:1, 1Ti 6:2; 2Ti 2:21), rendered also Lord (Luk 2:29,etc.); kurios, is Master, Lord, Sir, used very frequently of God or of Christ (Mat 1:20, Mat 1:22, Mat 1:24), translated Master (Mat 6:24; Mat 15:27; the King James Version Mar 13:35; Rom 14:4, etc.); kathegetes, a leader, is translated Master (Mat 23:8 (the King James Version), 10); didaskalos, a title very often applied to our Lord in the Gospels, is Teacher, translated Master in the King James Version Mat 8:19; Mat 9:11; Mar 4:38; Luk 3:12, etc.; the Revised Version (British and American) Teacher; also Joh 3:2, Joh 3:10; Jam 3:1, be not many masters, the Revised Version (British and American) teachers; rhabbi, rhabbei (Rabbi) (a transliterated Hebrew term signifying my Teacher) is also in several instances applied to Jesus, the King James Version Master (Mat 26:25, Mat 26:49; Mar 9:5; Mar 11:21; Joh 9:2 (the Revised Version (British and American) leaves untranslated) Mar 10:51, Rabboni, the King James Version Lord; Joh 20:16 (Rabbouni), the Revised Version (British and American) Rabboni, which see).
For master the Revised Version (British and American) has lord (1Sa 26:16; 1Sa 29:4, 1Sa 29:10; Amo 4:1; Mar 13:35; Rom 14:4); master for lord (Gen 39:16; 2Pe 2:1; Rev 6:10); for good man of the house (Mat 24:43; Luk 12:39), master of the house; in Eph 6:5, the Revised Version margin gives Gr lords (in Eph 6:9, their Master and yours is also Greek kurios); instead of the only Lord God and our Lord Jesus Christ (Jud 1:4), the Revised Version (British and American) reads our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ, margin the only Master, and our Lord Jesus Christ; for overcame them (Act 19:16), mastered both of them.
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Master
1. In the O.T. there are five words so translated, but only one that occurs frequently, adon, which is often rendered ‘Lord,’ and signifies ‘master’ either as owner or ruler. In the N.T. there is , often translated ‘Lord:’ this is rendered ‘master’ in reference to God in Eph 6:9; Col 4:1; and is often used as between master and servants.
2. , ‘teacher.’ This is often translated ‘master’ in the gospels in application to the Lord. Mat 8:19; Mar 4:38; Luk 3:12; Joh 1:38, etc. It is the same word in Jam 3:1, “Be not many teachers.”
3. , master in the sense of ‘owner,’ as of slaves. 1Ti 6:1-2; 2Ti 2:21; Tit 2:9; 1Pe 2:18.
4. , ‘superintendent, overseer.’ Luk 5:5; Luk 8:24; Luk 8:45; Luk 9:33; Luk 9:49; Luk 17:13.
5. , ‘leader.’ Mat 23:8; Mat 23:10.
6. , ‘Rabbi,’ a Jewish title. Mat 26:25; Mat 26:49; Mar 9:5; Mar 11:21; Mar 14:45; Joh 4:31, Joh 9:2; Joh 11:8.
7. , ‘ship-master.’ Act 27:11; Rev 18:17.
Fuente: Concise Bible Dictionary
Master
Jesus called
Mat 8:19; Mat 10:25; Mat 23:8; Mat 26:18; Mat 26:25; Mat 26:49; Mar 14:45; Luk 8:24; Joh 13:13-14
Jesus prohibited the appellation
Mat 23:8
Scriptures relating to masters of servants
Exo 21:20-21; Exo 21:26-27; Lev 19:13; Lev 25:43; Deu 5:14; Deu 24:14-15; Job 31:13-15; Pro 22:16; Pro 29:12; Pro 29:21; Jer 22:13; Mal 3:5; Rom 4:4; Eph 6:9; Col 4:1; 1Ti 5:18; Phm 1:10-16; Jas 5:4 Servant
Good, instances of:
– Abraham
Gen 18:19
– Job
Job 31:13-15
– The centurion
Luk 7:2
Unjust, instances of:
– Sarah to Hagar
Gen 16:6
– Laban to Jacob
Gen 31:7
– Potiphar’s wife to Joseph
Gen 39:7-20