Pardon
See Forgiveness.
Fuente: Dictionary of the Apostolic Church
PARDON
The act of forgiving an offender, or removing the guilt of sin, that the punishment due to it may not be inflicted. Of the nature of pardon it may be observed, that the Scripture represents it by various phrases: a lifting up, or taking away, Psa 32:1; a covering of it, Psa 85:2; a non-imputation of it, Psa 32:2. a blotting it out, Psa 43: 25; a non-remembrance of it, Heb 8:12. Is. 43: 25.
1. It is an act of free grace, Psa 51:1. Isa 43:25.
2. A point of justice, God having received satisfaction by the blood of Christ, 1Jn 1:9.
3. A complete act, a forgiveness of all the sins of his people, 1Jn 1:7. Psa 103:2-3.
4. An act that never will be repealed, Mic 7:19. The author or cause of pardon is not any creature, angel, or man; but God. Ministers are said to remit sin declaratively, but not authoriatively; that is, they preach and declare that there is remission of sins in Christ; but to pretend to absolve men is the height of blasphemy, 1Th 2:4. Rev 13:5-6.
See ABSOLUTION, INDULGENCES. There is nothing that man has, or can do, by which pardon can be procured: wealth cannot buy pardon, Pro 11:1-31; Pro 12:1-28; Pro 13:1-25; Pro 14:1-35; Pro 15:1-33; Pro 16:1-33; Pro 17:1-28; Pro 18:1-24; Pro 19:1-29; Pro 20:1-30; Pro 21:1-31; Pro 22:1-29; Pro 23:1-35; Pro 24:1-34; Pro 25:1-28; Pro 26:1-28; Pro 27:1-27; Pro 28:1-28; Pro 29:1-27; Pro 30:1-33; Pro 31:1-4; human works or righteousness cannot merit it, Rom 11:6; nor can water baptism wash away sin. It is the prerogative of God alone to forgive, Mar 2:7; the first cause of which is his own sovereign grace and mercy, Eph 1:7. The meritorious cause is the blood of Christ, Heb 9:14. 1Jn 1:7. Pardon of sin and justification are considered by some as the same thing: and it must be confessed that there is a close connexion; in many parts they agree, and it is without doubt that every sinner who shall be found pardoned at the great day, will likewise be justified; yet they have been distinguished thus:
1. An innocent person, when falsely accused and acquitted, is justified, but not pardoned; and a criminal may be pardoned, though he cannot be justified or declared innocent. Pardon is of men that are sinners, and who remain such, though pardoned sinners; but justification is a pronouncing persons righteous, as if they had never sinned.
2. Pardon frees from punishment, but does not entitle to everlasting life; but justification does, Rom 5:1-21 : If we were only pardoned, we should, indeed, escape the pains of hell, but could have no claim to the joys of heaven; for these are more than the most perfect works of man could merit; therefore they must be what the Scriptures declare
“the gift of God.” After all, however, though these two may be distinguished, yet they cannot be separated; and, in reality, one is not prior to the other; for he that is pardoned by the death of Christ, is at the same time justified by his life, Rom 5:10. Act 13:38-39.
See GRACE, MERCY. Charnock’s works, Vol. 2: p. 101; Gill’s Body of Div. art. Pardon ; Owen on Psalm cxxx; Hervey’s Works. vol. 2: p. 352.
Fuente: Theological Dictionary
Pardon
(prop. some form of , to cover, i.e. forgive) is in theology the act of forgiving an offender, or removing the guilt of sin, that the punishment due to it may not be inflicted. On the nature of pardon, it may be observed that the Scripture represents it by various phrases: a lifting up or taking away of sin (Psa 32:1), a covering of it (Psa 85:2), a non-imputation of it (Psa 32:2), a blotting of it out (Psa 51:1), a non- remembrance of it (Heb 8:12; Isa 43:25). In character,
1, It is an act of free grace (Psa 51:1; Isa 43:25);
2, a point of justice, God having received satisfaction by the blood of Christ (1Jn 1:9);
3, a complete act, a forgiveness of all the sins of his people (1Jn 1:7; Psa 103:2-3);
4, an act that will never be repealed (Mic 7:19). The author or cause of pardon is not any creature, angel, or man; but God. Ministers preach and declare that there is remission of sins in Christ; but to pretend to absolve men is the height of blasphemy (1Th 2:4; Rev 13:5-6). SEE ABSOLUTION; SEE INDULGENCES; and the article below, PARDONS. There is nothing that man has done or can do by which pardon can be procured: wealth cannot buy pardon (Pro 11:4), human works or righteousness cannot merit it (Rom 11:6), nor can water baptism wash away sin. It is the prerogative of God alone to forgive (Mar 2:7), the first cause of which is his own sovereign grace and mercy (Eph 1:7). The meritorious cause is the blood of Christ (Heb 9:14; 1Jn 1:7). It is to be sought by prayer. SEE FORGIVENESS.
Pardon of sin and justification are considered by some as the same thing, and it must be confessed that there is a close connection; in many parts they agree, and without doubt every sinner who shall be found pardoned at the great day will likewise be justified; yet they have been distinguished thus:
1. An innocent person, when falsely accused and acquitted, is justified, but not pardoned; and a criminal may be pardoned, though he cannot be justified or declared innocent. Pardon is of men that are sinners, and who remain such, though pardoned sinners; but justification is a pronouncing persons righteous, as if they had never sinned.
2. Pardon frees from punishment, but does not entitle to everlasting life; but justification does (Romans 5). If we were only pardoned, we should, indeed, escape the pains of hell, but could have no claim to the joys of heaven; for these are more than the most perfect works of man could merit; therefore they must be what the Scripture declares the gift of God. After all, however, though these two may be distinguished, yet they cannot be separated; and, in reality, one is not prior to the other; for he that is pardoned by the death of Christ is at the same time justified by his life (Rom 5:10; Act 13:38-39). See Charnock, Works, 2:101; Gill, Body of Divinity, s.v.; Owen, On Psalms 130; Hervey, Works, 2:352; Dwight, Theology; Fuller, Works; Griffin, On Atonement, Appendix; Knapp, Theology, p. 385; New Englander, Jan. 1875, art. 3. SEE JUSTIFICATION.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Pardon
the forgiveness of sins granted freely (Isa. 43:25), readily (Neh. 9:17; Ps. 86:5), abundantly (Isa. 55:7; Rom. 5:20). Pardon is an act of a sovereign, in pure sovereignty, granting simply a remission of the penalty due to sin, but securing neither honour nor reward to the pardoned. Justification (q.v.), on the other hand, is the act of a judge, and not of a sovereign, and includes pardon and, at the same time, a title to all the rewards and blessings promised in the covenant of life.
Fuente: Easton’s Bible Dictionary
Pardon
PARDON.See Forgiveness.
Fuente: Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible
Pardon
pard’n, pardun. See FORGIVENESS.
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Pardon
Four Hebrew words are so translated.
1. kaphar, ‘to cover,’ same as ‘to make atonement,’ forgive. 2Ch 30:18.
2. nasa, ‘to lift up,’ forgive. Exo 23:21; 1Sa 15:25; Job 7:21; Mic 7:18.
3. salach, ‘to pass over,’ forgive; used only of God’s forgiveness. Exo 34:9; Num 14:19-20; 2Ki 5:18; 2Ki 24:4; Neh 9:17; Psa 25:11; Isa 55:7; Jer 5:1; Jer 5:7; Jer 33:8; Jer 50:20; Lam 3:42.
4. ratsah, ‘to delight in,’ receive graciously, forgive, Isa 40:2.