Sentence
Sentence
In the NT this word is used only three times: (1) as indicating a judicial sentence (, Luk 23:24; see Trial-at-law); (2) as giving a decision or judgment on a matter submitted for settlement (): My sentence (Revised Version judgement) is, that we trouble not them, which from among the Gentiles are turned to God (Act 15:19); (3) as a conclusion come to, or an answer given to a question put in certain circumstances (): But we had the sentence of death in ourselves (2Co 1:9 Authorized Version ; Revised Version , Yea, we ourselves have had the answer [Revised Version margin sentence] of death within ourselves). The word is of very frequent use in Acts and the Epistles in the sense of expressing a personal judgment or decision, or of holding an opinion (Act 26:8, 1Co 2:2, etc.).
John Reid.
Fuente: Dictionary of the Apostolic Church
sentence
(Latin: sententia, judgment)
In canon law the decision of the court upon any issue brought before it. Canon law, as opposed to civil, draws a unique distinction between penalties inflicted latae sententiae and ferendae sententiae, two expressions indicating the manner in which guilt is declared and a penalty contracted. A penalty given latae sententiae is one attached by law to the mere fact of commission of a crime, or violation of a law or precept. It calls for no intervention of an ecclesiastical judge or superior. On the other hand, a penalty ferendae sententiae is one imposed by a judge or superior. The Church resorts to penalties latae sententiae simply because her field of action embraces the conscience of man as well as his external life. Penalties are never cohsidered to be latae sententiae unless explicitly expressed in the law. The present legislation restricts the practise of imposing penalties latae sententiae by first demanding, in many cases, a declaratory sentence. In doubt, punishments are to be presumed to be ferendae sententiae.
Fuente: New Catholic Dictionary
Sentence
(Latin sententia, judgment).
In canon law, the decision of the court upon any issue brought before it. A sentence is definitive or interlocutory. It is definitive or final, when it defines the principal question in controversy. A definitive sentence is absolutory, if it acquits the accused; condemnatory, if it declares him guilty; declaratory, if it assert that the accused committed a crime, the penalty of which is incurred ipso facto. An interlocutory sentence is pronounced during the course of a trial to settle some incidental point arising. It is of two kinds: merely interlocutory; or having the force of a definitive sentence, affecting the main cause at issue, e.g., a declaration that the court is incompetent. A final sentence must be definitive, unconditional, given by the judge in court, in the presence of the parties concerned or their agents, in writing or dictated to the clerk to be inserted in the minutes of the trial; it must be in keeping with the charge or complaint, stating, if condemnatory, the sanction of law for the punishment imposed and once pronounced, it cannot be revoked by the same court. Interlocutory sentences are given without special formalities, and if merely interlocutory may be revoked by the judge who issues them. (See APPEALS.)
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Decretals, II, 27; Commentaries on same; TAUNTON, The Law of the Church, s. v.; DROSTE-MESSMER, Canonical Procedure, etc.
ANDREW B. MEEHAN Transcribed by Joseph E. O’Connor
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume XIIICopyright © 1912 by Robert Appleton CompanyOnline Edition Copyright © 2003 by K. KnightNihil Obstat, February 1, 1912. Remy Lafort, D.D., CensorImprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York
Fuente: Catholic Encyclopedia
Sentence
sentens: Eight Hebrew and three Greek words are thus translated in the King James Version. Sometimes it points to a mystery (Dan 5:12; Dan 8:23); then again to the contents of the Law (Deu 17:11); then again to the idea of judgment (Psa 17:2) or of a judicial sentence (2Co 1:9; Luk 23:24), or of judicial advice (Act 15:19, the American Standard Revised Version judgment).
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Sentence
Denotes a certain class of complex symbols in a language. Which combinations of symbols are to be regarded as sentences in the language is normally determined (a) by certain specifiable formation rules (e.g. in English, that any proper name followed by verb in the singular constitutes a sentence), (b) by the presence of certain specific “morphemes” or symbolic features indicating form (e.g., the characteristic falling intonation-pattern of English declarative sentences).
There is little agreement as to the correct analytical definition. To define a sentence as a complete utterance (Bloomfield, Language, 27) merely shifts the difficulty to that of deciding when symbols are not incomplete. A similar objection applies to Gardiner’s definition (Speech and Language, 182) “those single words or combinations of words which taken as complete in themselves give satisfaction by shadowing forth the intelligible purpose of a speaker.”
An exact definition is of some importance in view of the tendency of some contemporary logicians to replace the use of the term proposition by that of sentence.
Like all designations of symbols, the term is subject to Type-Token Ambiguity (q.v.).
ReferencesJ. Ries, Was ist ein Satz? 208, ff. (for quoted definitions). R. Carnap, Logical Syntax of language, 26. — M.B.
In connection with logic, and logical syntax, the word sentence is used for what might be called more explicitly a declarative sentence — thus for a sequence of words or symbols which (in some language or system of notation, as determined by the context) expresses a proposition (q.v.), or which can be used to convey an assertion. A sequence of words or symbols which contains free variables and which expresses a proposition when values are given to these variables (see the article variable) may also be called a sentence.
In connection with logistic systems, sentence is often used as a technical term in place of formula (see the explanation of the latter term in the article logistic system). This may be done when, under the intended interpretation of the system, sentences in this technical or formal sense become sentences in the sense of the preceding paragraph. — A.C.
Fuente: The Dictionary of Philosophy
Sentence
“a judgment,” a decision passed on the faults of others, is used especially of God’s judgment upon men, and translated “sentence” in 2Pe 2:3, RV (AV, “judgment”). See JUDGMENT, No. 2.
“a judicial sentence, condemnation,” is translated “sentence” in Act 25:15, RV (AV, “judgment”); some mss. have dike.
is translated “sentence” in 2Co 1:9, AV (RV, “answer”). See ANSWER, No. 2.
“to judge, to adjudge,” is translated “(my) sentence is” in Act 15:19, AV, RV, “(my) judgment is,” lit., “I (ego, emphatic) judge,” introducing the substance or draft of a resolution. See JUDGE, B, No. 1.
“to give sentence,” is used in Luk 23:24.