Shoulder
Shoulder
is the rendering mostly of , shekem (as being the part bent to receive a burden; but perhaps the word is rather primitive; occasionally back, etc.), and (Mat 23:4; Luk 15:4); frequently of , shok (properly the leg [as sometimes rendered], especially the so called right or heave shoulder [q.v.], Exo 29:22; Exo 29:27; Lev 7:32-34, etc.); and elsewhere of , katheph, the shoulder properly so called, especially the shoulder pieces (q.v.) of the high priest’s ephod (Exo 28:39); rarely of , zeroa, the arm (Num 6:19; Deu 18:3), or of some denominative phrase.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Shoulder
sholder (, shekhem, , katheph, or , zeroa, or , zeroah or zerowah, , shok; , omos, , brachon (Sirach 7:31 only)): The meanings of the Hebrew words are rather varied. The first (shekhem) has perhaps the widest application. It is used for the part of the body on which heavy loads are carried (Gen 21:14; Gen 24:15, Gen 24:45; Exo 12:34; Jos 4:5; Jdg 9:48). King Saul’s impressive personality is thus described: There was not among the children of Israel a goodlier person than he: from his shoulders and upward he was higher than any of the people (1Sa 9:2; 1Sa 10:23). To carry loads on the shoulder or to have a staff on the shoulder is expressive of subjection and servitude, yea, of oppression and cruel punishment, and the removal of such burdens or of the rod of the oppressor connotes delivery and freedom (Isa 9:4; Isa 14:25).
Figuratively:
The shoulders also bear responsibility and power. Thus it is said of King Messiah, that the government shall be upon his shoulder (Isa 9:6) and the key of the house of David will I lay upon his shoulder; and he shall open, and none shall shut; and he shall shut, and none shall open (Isa 22:22). Job declares that he will refute all accusations of unlawful conduct made against him, in the words: Oh … that I had the indictment which mine adversary hath written! Surely I would carry it upon my shoulder (Job 31:35 f).
The Hebrew word katheph comes very close in meaning to the above, though it is occasionally used in the sense of arm-piece and shoulder-piece of a garment. Like Hebrew shekhem, it is used to describe the part of the body accustomed to carry loads. On it the Levites carried the implements of the sanctuary (Num 7:9; 1Ch 15:15; 2Ch 35:3). Oriental mothers and fathers carried their children on the shoulder astride (Isa 49:22; compare Isa 60:4); thus also the little bundle of the poor is borne (Eze 12:6, Eze 12:7, Eze 12:12). The loaded shoulder is likely to be worn or chafed under the burden (Eze 29:18). In the two passages of the New Testament in which we find the Greek equivalent of shoulder (omos, fairly common in Apocrypha), it corresponds most closely with this use (Mat 23:4; Luk 15:5). Of the shoulders of animals the word katheph is used in Eze 34:21 (of sheep, where, however, men are intended) and in Isa 30:6 (of asses).
Stubborn opposition and unwillingness is expressed by withdrew the shoulder (Neh 9:29), or pulled away the shoulder (Zec 7:11), where the marginal rendering is they gave (or turned) a stubborn shoulder. Contrast bow the shoulder, i.e. submit (Baruch 2:21). Compare stiffnecked; see NECK. Somewhat difficult for the understanding of Occidentals is the poetical passage in the blessing of Moses: Of Benjamin he said, The beloved of Yahweh shall dwell in safety by him; he covereth him all the day long, and he dwelleth between his shoulders (Deu 33:12). The shoulders refer here to the mountain saddles and proclivities of the territory of Benjamin between which Jerusalem, the beloved of Yahweh, which belonged to Judah, lay nestling close upon the confines of the neighboring tribe, or even built in part on ground belonging to Benjamin.
Much less frequently than the above-mentioned words. we find zeroa, zeroah, which is used of the boiled shoulder of the ram which was a wave offering at the consecration of a Nazirite (Num 6:19) and of one of the priestly portions of the sacrifice (Deu 18:3). In Sirach 7:31 this portion is called brachion, properly arm, but both the King James Version and the Revised Version (British and American) translate shoulder. Regarding the wave and heave offerings see SACRIFICE. the King James Version frequently translates Hebrew shok, literally, leg, thigh (which see) by shoulder, which the Revised Version (British and American) occasionally retains in the margin (e.g. Num 6:20).
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Shoulder
Often alluded to in scripture as the place of strength, on which burdens are borne. The high priest had the names of the twelve tribes on his shoulders, as in a place of safety. Exo 28:12. Of Christ it is said, when He comes to reign, the ‘government shall be on his shoulder,’ Isa 9:6; and, as the Good Shepherd, when He finds a lost sheep He places it on His shoulders. Luk 15:5. When God blesses Israel in their land the Gentiles will bring Israel’s dispersed daughters upon their shoulders, that is, will give them substantial aid. Isa 49:22.
Fuente: Concise Bible Dictionary
Shoulder
occurs in Mat 23:4; Luk 15:5, and is suggestive (as in the latter passage) of strength and safety.
Fuente: Vine’s Dictionary of New Testament Words
Shoulder
To give or lend the shoulder for the bearing of a burden, signifies to submit to servitude. Issachar bowed his shoulder to bear, and became a servant unto tribute, Gen 49:15. And Isa 10:27, comforting Israel with the promise of deliverance from Assyria, says, His burden shall be taken away from off thy shoulder. The Scripture calls that a rebellious shoulder, a withdrawing shoulder, which will not submit to the yoke; and to bear it together with joint consent, is termed serving with one shoulder. To bear any thing upon the shoulder, is to sustain it, and this is applied to government and authority. Thus Messiah was to bear the government upon his shoulder: For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, &c, Isa 9:6; and God promises Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, to give him the key of the house of David, and to lay it upon his shoulder; so he shall open, and none shall shut, and he shall shut, and none shall open; that is, the sole authority shall rest upon him.
Fuente: Biblical and Theological Dictionary
Shoulder
Exo 28:12 (c) By this is represented the strength and power of GOD upon which rests all the burdens and cares of the people of GOD.
Deu 18:3 (c) This may represent the fact that Christians give to their High Priest, CHRIST JESUS, the strength, vigor and power of their shoulders, which represents their work and service. It may mean also that they offer the shoulder to Him that He may put His burdens on them.
Deu 33:12 (b) This picture indicates that GOD’s people are protected and sheltered by the mighty power of GOD as the papoose is safe between the shoulders of the Indian mother in a secure resting place.
Neh 9:29 (b) Here is a graphic picture of the fact that Israel refused to bear GOD’s burdens, and to do His work.
Psa 81:6 (b) What a beautiful type is seen here of the deliverance that GOD gives to His child even though He does not remove the difficulty that is in the life. He may leave the affliction in the body or in the home, or in the business, but delivers His child from the burden of it, so that he can sing and be a radiant Christian while under the difficulty.
Isa 9:6 (b) This is a type of the power, wisdom and judgment of CHRIST JESUS who is able to bear all the governments of this world because of His sovereign knowledge, power and Deity.
Isa 11:14 (b) This prophecy reveals the fact that both Judah and Israel will conquer their enemies, make them their servants, and ride upon them as their victors, having them completely under their control. (See also Isa 49:22).
Isa 22:22 (b) Here we see a symbol of the responsibility and dependability of CHRIST JESUS to handle all the affairs of His people.
Zec 7:11 (b) The refusal of Israel to assume any responsibility for GOD and His work is thus represented. They would not enter into the program GOD outlined for them.
Luk 15:5 (a) By this type we understand the loving care and the mighty power of the great Shepherd of the sheep. He restores and returns and protects that one whom He reaches with His love, and who is willing to turn to Him for salvation, or restoration.