Thyine Wood
THYINE-WOOD
Jer 18:12, the wood of the Thyia or Thuja Articulata of Linnaeus, an aromatic evergreen tree, resembling the cedar, and found in Libya, near Mount Atlas. The wood was used in burning incense, and under the name of citron-wood was highly prized by the Romans for ornamental wood-work. It yields the sanderach resin of commerce.
Fuente: American Tract Society Bible Dictionary
Thyine Wood
( , the tree being or , rarely )
Thyine wood is mentioned among the precious wares of the Apocalyptic Babylon, i.e. Rome (Rev 18:12). It was a hard, dark brown, aromatic wood, exported from N. Africa and used for the making of costly furniture (Theophrastus, Hist. Plant. v. iii. 7; Diod. v. 46; Pliny, Historia Naturalis (Pliny) XIII. xxx. 16). It is commonly identified with the Thuia articulata. The Greek name (probably from ) refers to the fragrance of the wood, which was burned as a perfume (Hom. Od. v. 60). The Romans called it citrus-probably a mutilation of cedrus-which must not be confounded with the citron. All thyine wood refers, not to different species of the tree, but to the variety of objects made of this precious wood in the luxurious Imperial city.
James Strahan.
Fuente: Dictionary of the Apostolic Church
Thyine Wood
( ; Vulg. lignum thyinum) occurs once in Rev 18:12 (margin sweet [wood]), where it is mentioned as one of the valuable articles of commerce that should be found no more in Babylon (Rome), whose fall is there predicted by John. Symmachus and the Vulg. also understand it to be meant by the algum-trees of 1Ki 10:11. There can be little doubt that the wood here spoken of is that of the Thuya articulata, Des Font., the Callitris quadrivalvis of present botanists. Most of our readers are familiar with the arbor vite, Thuja occidentalis, so common in our shrubberies. Closely allied to this in the same cypress-like division of the Coniferae; indeed, until lately included in the genus Thuja-is the tree in question. This wood was in considerable demand by the Romans, being much employed by them in the ornamental wood-work of their villas, and also for tables, bowls, and vessels of different kinds. It was also fragrant (Elian, Var. Hist. 5, 6). It is. noticed by most ancient authors from the time of Theophrastus (Plait. 5, 5; see Elian, Animn. 2, 11; Strabo, 4:202). It was the citron-wood of the Romans; thus Salmasius, Theophrasti est illa citrus, quse citreas mensas dabat Romahis inter lautissima opera (Celsius, Hierobot. 2, 25). It was produced only in Africa, in the neighborhood of Mount Atlasi and in Granada, citrum, arborem Africae peculiarem esse, nec alibi nasci. It grew to a goodly size, quarum amplitudo ac radices aestimari possunt ex orbibus (Pliny, Hist. Nat. 13:15). Fabulous prices were given for tables and other ornamental furniture made of citrus-wood (see Pliny, loc. cit.).
This cedar or citron-wood (Callitris quadrivalvis, the Thuja articulata of Linnaeus) is a native of Mount Atlas, and of other uncultivated hills on the coast of Africa. It grows to a height of from fifteen to twenty-five feet. In the kingdom of Morocco, according to Broussouel, this tree produces the Sandarach resin of commerce. Captain Cook, in his Sketches in Spain (vol. 2), brought to light the fact that the wood-work of the roof of the celebrated mosque now the Cathedral of Cordova built in the 9th century is of this wood; it had previously been thought to be that of the larch, from the resemblance of the Spanish word alerce, which is applied to the wood of Callitris quadrivalvis in Spain and Barbary, to the Latin word larix. By a singular coincidence, the subject has been undergoing investigation about the same time in Africa. Mr. Hay, the British consul at Tangiers, had, by tracing the Arabic etymology of the word alerce (no doubt alarz or eres), by availing himself of the botanical researches of the Danish consul in Morocco, and by collating the accounts of the resident Moors, made out that the alerce was the Thuja articulata which grows on Mount Atlas. In corroboration of his views, a plank of its timber was sent to London. This plank, which is in possession of the Horticultural Society, is one foot eight inches in width. The Cordova wood is highly balsamic and odoriferous, the resin, no doubt preventing the ravages of insects as well as the influence of the air (Loudon, Arboret. 4:2463). The wood is dark nut-brown, close grained, and is very fragrant (Tristram, Nat. Hist. of the Bible, p. 402). Lady Calcott (Script. Herbal, p. 2) regards it as the almug (q.v.) of the Old Test. SEE BOTANY.
Fuente: Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature
Thyine wood
mentioned only in Rev. 18:12 among the articles which would cease to be purchased when Babylon fell. It was called citrus, citron wood, by the Romans. It was the Callitris quadrivalvis of botanists, of the cone-bearing order of trees, and of the cypress tribe of this order. The name of this wood is derived from the Greek word _thuein_, “to sacrifice,” and it was so called because it was burnt in sacrifices, on account of its fragrance. The wood of this tree was reckoned very valuable, and was used for making articles of furniture by the Greeks and Romans. Like the cedars of Lebanon, it is disappearing from the forests of Palestine.
Fuente: Easton’s Bible Dictionary
Thyine Wood
Rev 18:12, Callitris quadrivalvis of Mount Atlas in North Africa, allied to the “arbor vitro”, Thuja occidentalis or articulata. The Romans prized it highly, and called it citrum; when Roman husbands upbraided ladies with extravagance in pearls, they retorted the men’s fondness for thyine tables (Pliny, H. N. 13:15).
Fuente: Fausset’s Bible Dictionary
Thyine Wood
THYINE WOOD (Rev 18:12) is the citrus wood of the Romans, used for the manufacture of costly furniture. The tree Thuia articulata, in appearance like a cypress, about 25 feet high, was the source of this wood.
E. W. G. Masterman.
Fuente: Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible
Thyine Wood
thin ( , xulon thuinon): An aromatic wood described as sold in Babylon (Rev 18:12, the King James Version margin sweet wood). It is the wood of the thya (, thua) tree, probably identical with Thuia articulata an evergreen tree growing in North Africa, resembling the cypress, which in Roman times was employed for making valuable furniture.
Fuente: International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
Thyine Wood
Fig. 331Thyine Wood: Callitris quadrivalvis
Thyine Wood is mentioned as one of the articles of merchandise which would cease to be purchased in consequence of the fall of Babylon (Rev 18:12). This wood was in considerable demand by the Romans, being much employed by them in the ornamental wood-work of their villas, and also for tables, bowls, and vessels of different kinds. It is noticed by most ancient authors, from the time of Theophrastus. It was the citron-wood of the Romans, and was produced only in Africa, in the neighborhood of Mount Atlas, and in Granada. It grew to a great size.
This cedar or citron-wood was most likely produced by Callitris quadrivalvis, the Thuja articulata of Linnaeus, which is a native of Mount Atlas, and of other uncultivated hills on the coast of Africa.
Fuente: Popular Cyclopedia Biblical Literature
Thyine wood
The Greek word is , and occurs in Rev 18:12 only, as being brought to apostate Babylon. It was doubtless some wood used for decorative purposes, and is supposed to be identified with the callitris quadrivalvis. It was the wood called by the Romans citrum, of which expensive articles were made. It is ‘sweet wood’ in the margin.
Fuente: Concise Bible Dictionary
Thyine-wood
Thyine-wood. A kind of cedar growing in Spain, and on the coast of Africa. It was the Citrum or citron-wood of the Romans, the Thuja articulata of Linnus. It was frequently employed to give fragrance to sacrifices. Rev 18:12, margin, sweet. The tree grows to the height of 30 feet, or even more, and resembles the cypress in its boughs, leaves, and fruit.
Fuente: People’s Dictionary of the Bible
Thyine Wood
Thyine Wood. Thyine Wood occurs in Rev 18:12, where the margin has “sweet” (wood). There can be little doubt that the wood here spoken of is that of the Thuya articulata, Desfont, the Callitris quadrivalvis of present botanists. It is a cone bearing tree, and allied to the pine. This tree was much prized by Greeks and Romans, on account of the beauty of its wood, for various ornamental purposes. By the Romans, the tree was called citrus, and the wood was called citrum. It is a native of Barbary, and grows to the height of 15 to 25 feet.