Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of 1 Chronicles 2:18
And Caleb the son of Hezron begot [children] of Azubah [his] wife, and of Jerioth: her sons [are] these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.
18. begat children of Azubah his wife and of Jerioth ] So R.V., but the Heb. seems to be corrupt. Probably we should read, took Azubah the wife of Jerioth. LXX. gives no help.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
18 20. The Genealogy of Bezaleel
It is quite in accordance with the mind of the Chronicler to single out the artificer of the Tabernacle (“Tent of Meeting”) and tell his family history (cp. Exo 31:2 ff.).
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
In the remainder of this chapter the writer obtains scarcely any assistance from the earlier Scriptures, and must have drawn almost entirely from genealogical sources, accessible to him, which have since perished.
Azubah was Calebs wife; Jerioth his concubine. He had children by both; but those of Azubah are alone recorded.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Verse 18. Azubah] “And why was she called Azubah? Because she was barren and despised. But her injury was manifested before the Lord; and she was comforted, and adorned with wisdom; and she span, skilfully, goats’ hair for the court of the tabernacle.” – T.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Not that Caleb, Num 13:6, for he was the son of Jephunneh, of whom he speaks, 1Ch 4:15; but another Caleb.
Her sons, i.e. the sons, either,
1. Of Jerioth, she being last mentioned; or rather,
2. Of Azubah, who is by way of distinction called his wife, when Jerioth probably was only his concubine, and, as it may seem, barren; and therefore upon Azubahs death he married another wife, 1Ch 2:19. And those other sons of this Caleb, mentioned below, 1Ch 2:42, are his sons by some other wife distinct from all these.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
18. Caleb the son of HezronThenotices concerning this person appear confused in our version. In 1Ch2:19 he is said to be the father of Hur, whereas in 1Ch2:50 he is called “the son of Hur.” The words in thislatter passage have been transposed in the copying, and should beread thus, “Hur the son of Caleb.”
begat children of Azubah hiswife, and of JeriothThe former was his spouse, while Jeriothseems to have been a secondary wife, and the mother of the childrenwhose names are here given. On the death of his principal wife, hemarried Ephrath, and by her had Hur [1Ch2:19].
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
And Caleb the son of Hezron,…. The same that is called Chelubai, 1Ch 2:9 but not the same with Caleb the son of Jephunneh, made mention of in the books of Numbers, Joshua, and Judges:
he begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth; who were both his wives; or it may be rather, since Azubah is so particularly called his wife, Jerioth might be a concubine: or of Azubah he begat Jerioth; so the Vulgate Latin, Syriac, and Arabic versions; though it seems best with Hillerus p to interpret these names of the same person, and render the last clause, “that is, of Jerioth”, of her whose name also was Jerioth, Azubah having two names; and the rather, since only the children of one are mentioned, as follows:
her sons are these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon of whom we read nowhere else; the Targum says, Azubah was so called, because she was barren and despised, which this clause contradicts.
p Onomastic. Sacr. p. 568.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
| Genealogies. | B. C. 1450. |
18 And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth: her sons are these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon. 19 And when Azubah was dead, Caleb took unto him Ephrath, which bare him Hur. 20 And Hur begat Uri, and Uri begat Bezaleel. 21 And afterward Hezron went in to the daughter of Machir the father of Gilead, whom he married when he was threescore years old; and she bare him Segub. 22 And Segub begat Jair, who had three and twenty cities in the land of Gilead. 23 And he took Geshur, and Aram, with the towns of Jair, from them, with Kenath, and the towns thereof, even threescore cities. All these belonged to the sons of Machir the father of Gilead. 24 And after that Hezron was dead in Calebephratah, then Abiah Hezron’s wife bare him Ashur the father of Tekoa. 25 And the sons of Jerahmeel the firstborn of Hezron were, Ram the firstborn, and Bunah, and Oren, and Ozem, and Ahijah. 26 Jerahmeel had also another wife, whose name was Atarah; she was the mother of Onam. 27 And the sons of Ram the firstborn of Jerahmeel were, Maaz, and Jamin, and Eker. 28 And the sons of Onam were, Shammai, and Jada. And the sons of Shammai; Nadab, and Abishur. 29 And the name of the wife of Abishur was Abihail, and she bare him Ahban, and Molid. 30 And the sons of Nadab; Seled, and Appaim: but Seled died without children. 31 And the sons of Appaim; Ishi. And the sons of Ishi; Sheshan. And the children of Sheshan; Ahlai. 32 And the sons of Jada the brother of Shammai; Jether, and Jonathan: and Jether died without children. 33 And the sons of Jonathan; Peleth, and Zaza. These were the sons of Jerahmeel. 34 Now Sheshan had no sons, but daughters. And Sheshan had a servant, an Egyptian, whose name was Jarha. 35 And Sheshan gave his daughter to Jarha his servant to wife; and she bare him Attai. 36 And Attai begat Nathan, and Nathan begat Zabad, 37 And Zabad begat Ephlal, and Ephlal begat Obed, 38 And Obed begat Jehu, and Jehu begat Azariah, 39 And Azariah begat Helez, and Helez begat Eleasah, 40 And Eleasah begat Sisamai, and Sisamai begat Shallum, 41 And Shallum begat Jekamiah, and Jekamiah begat Elishama. 42 Now the sons of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel were, Mesha his firstborn, which was the father of Ziph; and the sons of Mareshah the father of Hebron. 43 And the sons of Hebron; Korah, and Tappuah, and Rekem, and Shema. 44 And Shema begat Raham, the father of Jorkoam: and Rekem begat Shammai. 45 And the son of Shammai was Maon: and Maon was the father of Bethzur. 46 And Ephah, Caleb’s concubine, bare Haran, and Moza, and Gazez: and Haran begat Gazez. 47 And the sons of Jahdai; Regem, and Jotham, and Geshan, and Pelet, and Ephah, and Shaaph. 48 Maachah, Caleb’s concubine, bare Sheber, and Tirhanah. 49 She bare also Shaaph the father of Madmannah, Sheva the father of Machbenah, and the father of Gibea: and the daughter of Caleb was Achsah. 50 These were the sons of Caleb the son of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah; Shobal the father of Kirjath-jearim, 51 Salma the father of Bethlehem, Hareph the father of Bethgader. 52 And Shobal the father of Kirjath-jearim had sons; Haroeh, and half of the Manahethites. 53 And the families of Kirjath-jearim; the Ithrites, and the Puhites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zareathites, and the Eshtaulites. 54 The sons of Salma; Bethlehem, and the Netophathites, Ataroth, the house of Joab, and half of the Manahethites, the Zorites. 55 And the families of the scribes which dwelt at Jabez; the Tirathites, the Shimeathites, and Suchathites. These are the Kenites that came of Hemath, the father of the house of Rechab.
The persons mentioned in the former paragraph are most of them such as we read of, and most of them such as we read much of, in other scriptures; but very few of those to whom this paragraph relates are mentioned any where else. It should seem, the tribe of Judah were more full and exact in their genealogies than any other of the tribes, in which we must acknowledge a special providence, for the clearing of the genealogy of Christ. 1. Here we find Bezaleel, who was head-workman in building the tabernacle, Exod. xxxi. 2. 2. Hezron, who was the son of Pharez (v. 5), was the father of all this progeny, his sons, Caleb and Jerahmeel, being very fruitful, and he himself likewise, even in his old age, for he left his wife pregnant when he died, v. 24. This Hezron was one of the seventy that went down with Jacob into Egypt, Gen. xlvi. 12. There his family thus increased, as other oppressed families there did. We cannot but suppose that he died during the Israelites’ bondage in Egypt; and yet it is here said he died in Caleb-Ephratah (that is, Bethlehem), in the land of Canaan, v. 24. Perhaps, though the body of the people continued in Egypt, yet some that were more active than the rest, at least before their bondage came to be extreme, visited Canaan sometimes and got footing there, though afterwards they lost it. The achievements of Jair, here mentioned (1Ch 2:22; 1Ch 2:23), we had an account of in Num. xxxii. 41; and, it is supposed, they were long after the conquest of Canaan. The Jews say, Hezron married his third wife when he was sixty years old (v. 21), and another afterwards (v. 24), because he had a great desire of posterity in the family of Pharez, from whom the Messiah was to descend. 3. Here is mention of one that died without children (v. 30), and another (v. 32), and of one that had no sons, but daughters, v. 34. Let those that are in any of these ways afflicted not think their case new or singular. Providence orders these affairs of families by an incontestable sovereignty, as pleaseth him, giving children, or withholding them, or giving all of one sex. He is not bound to please us, but we are bound to acquiesce in his good pleasure. To those that love him he will himself be better than ten sons, and give them in his house a place and a name better than of sons and daughters. Let not those therefore that are written childless envy the families that are built up and replenished. Shall our eye be evil because God’s is good? 4. Here is mention of one who had an only daughter, and married her to his servant an Egyptian, 1Ch 2:34; 1Ch 2:35. If it be mentioned to his praise, we must suppose that this Egyptian was proselyted to the Jewish religion and that he was very eminent for wisdom and virtue, otherwise it would not have become a true-born Israelite to match a daughter to him, especially an only daughter. If Egyptians become converts, and servants do worthily, neither their parentage nor their servitude should be a bar to their preferment. Such a one this Egyptian servant might be that she who married him might live as happily with him as if she had married one of the rulers of her tribe. 5. The pedigree of several of these terminates, not in a person, but in a place or country, as one is said to be the father of Kirjath-jearim (v. 50), another of Bethlehem (v. 51), which was afterwards David’s city, because these places fell to their lot in the division of the land. 6. Here are some that are said to be families of scribes (v. 55), such as kept up learning in their family, especially scripture-learning, and taught the people the good knowledge of God. Among all these great families we are glad to find some that were families of scribes. Would to God that all the Lord’s people were prophets–all the families of Israel families of scribes, well instructed to the kingdom of heaven, and able to bring out of their treasury things new and old!
Fuente: Matthew Henry’s Whole Bible Commentary
Caleb’s Descendants, Commentary on 1Ch 2:18-20; 1Ch 2:42-55
The Caleb whose genealogies are enumerated in these passages was of a prominent family of Judah. He is not to be confused with the famous companion of Joshua, who was one of the spies sent out by Moses to spy out Canaan, though both of them had a daughter named Achsa (cf. verse 49, Jos 15:16-19; Jdg 1:11-15). This Caleb was earlier than Caleb the son of Jephunneh He was the son of Hezron, who was the son of Pharez, and thus he was the grandson of Judah the son of Jacob.
One of Caleb’s sons was Hur, who held up Moses’ hands in the conflict with Amalek (Exo 17:8-16). Some Jewish traditions say Hur was the husband of Miriam, the sister of Moses and Aaron. Hur was also the grandfather of Bezaleel, the young man who was the chief artisan of the tabernacle (Exo 31:2).
In the later verses of this passage are mentioned several of Caleb’s descendants who are said to be father of places, such as Hebron, Maon, Bethzur, Madmannah, Kirjath-jearim, Beth-lehem, etc. Though there may have been persons by these city names it seems more likely that these were chief elders in these various places, all of which were in the vicinity of the tribe of Judah.
Caleb was prolific, begetting sons from at least two named wives and two concubines. From verse 52 it becomes quite clear that families of people and places are meant. These must have been prominent families in early Israel. They became intermingled with the Kenites who were descended from Hobab, the brother of Zipporah, Moses’ wife. Rechab was one of the famous descendants of the Kenites (see Jeremiah ch. 35).
Some lessons: 1) God built the nation of Israel from the twelve sons of Jacob; 2) the family of Hezron, the son of Pharez, carried on the Messianic line, and produced many prominent persons in the course of Judaean history; 3) less than ideal circumstances in life may be overcome in the Lord; 4) the people of Israel appreciated the blessing of children (Psa 127:3-5).
Fuente: Garner-Howes Baptist Commentary
(18) And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife.The Heb. text, as it stands, does not say this. The prim facie rendering is, And Caleb son of Hezron begat Azubah a woman, and Jerioth: and these (are) her sons; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon. But 1Ch. 2:19 continues: And Azubah died, and Caleb took to himself (as wife) Ephrath, which of course suggests that Azubah was not daughter but a former wife of Caleb. 1Ch. 2:18 has also been translated, And Caleb son of Hezron caused Azubah a wife and Jerioth to bear children. (Comp. Isa. 66:9.) It seems best to read, his wife, daughter of Jerioth (isht -bath.Ierioth), instead of the text (ishshah veeth Ierioth); and to render: And Caleb son of Hezron begat sons with Azubah daughter of Jerioth (eth, the particle before Azubah, is ambiguous, and might be either the mere sign of the accusative, or the prep. with, cum, ). The Syriac partly supports this version, for it reads: And Caleb begat of Azubah, his wife, Jerioth, making Jerioth Azubahs daughter. The LXX. has, And Caleb took Azubah a wife and Jerioth, which only shows that the corruption of the text is ancient.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
The Genealogy of Caleb
v. 18. And Caleb, the son of Hezron, v. 19. And when Azubah, v. 20. And Hur begat Uri, and Uri begat Bezaleel.
v. 21. And afterward Hezron went in to the daughter of Machir, the father of Gilead, v. 22. And Segub begat Jair, who had three and twenty cities in the land of Gilead, v. 23. And he took Geshur and Aram, with the towns of Jair, from them, v. 24. And after that Hezron was dead in Caleb-ephratah, v. 25. And the sons of Jerahmeel, the first-born of Hezron, were Ram, the first-born, and Bunah, and Oren, and Ozem, and Ahijah.
v. 26. Jerahmeel had also another wife, whose name was Atarah; she was the mother of Onam.
v. 27. And the sons of Ram, the first-born of Jerahmeel, were Maaz, and Jamin, and Eker.
v. 28. And the sons of Onam were Shammai, and Jada. And the sons of Shammai: Nadab and Abishur.
v. 29. And the name of the wife of Abishur was Abihail, and she bare him Ahban and Molid.
v. 30. And the sons of Nadab: Seled and Appaim; but Seled died without children.
v. 31. And the sons of Appaim: Ishi. And the sons of Ishi: Sheshan. And the children of Sheshan, v. 32. And the sons of Jada, the brother of Shammai: Jether and Jonathan; and Jether died without children.
v. 33. And the sons of Jonathan: Peleth and Zaza. These were the sons of Jerahmeel. v. 34. Now Sheshan, v. 35. And Sheshan gave his daughter, v. 36. And Attai begat Nathan, and Nathan begat Zabad,
v. 37. and Zabad begat Ephlal, and Ephlal begat Obed,
v. 38. and Obed begat Jehu, and Jehu begat Azariah,
v. 39. and Azariah begat Helez, and Helez begat Eleasah,
v. 40. and Eleasah begat Sisamai, and Sisamai begat Shallum,
v. 41. and Shallum begat Jekamiah, and Jekamiah begat Elishama.
v. 42. Now the sons of Caleb v. 43. And the sons of Hebron: Korah, and Tappuah, and Rekem, and Shema.
v. 44. And Shema begat Raham, the father of Jorkoam; and Rekem begat Shammai.
v. 45. And the son of Shammai was Maon; and Maon was the father of Beth-zur. v. 46. And Ephah, Caleb’s concubine, bare Haran, and Mozah, and Gazez; and Haran begat Gazez. v. 47. And the sons of Jahdai: Regem, and Jotham, and Gesham, and Pelet, and Ephah, and Shaaph.
v. 48. Maachah, Caleb’s concubine, bare Sheber and Tirhanah.
v. 49. She bare also Shaaph, the father of Madmannah, Sheva, the father of Machbenah, and the father of Gibea. And the daughter of Caleb was Achsa, v. 50. These were the sons of Caleb, v. 51. Salma, the father, v. 52. And Shobal, the father of Kirjath-jearim, had sons: Haroeh v. 53. And the families of Kirjath-jearim: the Ithrites, and the Puhites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites, v. 54. The sons of Salma: Bethlehem, and the Netophathites, v. 55. And the families of the scribes which dwelt at Jabez,
Fuente: The Popular Commentary on the Bible by Kretzmann
1Ch 2:18. Begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth Begat children of Azubah his wife; and her sons were these, Jerioth, Jesher, &c. Houbigant.
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
Caleb the son of Hezron. The ancestor of “Caleb the son of Jephunneh” (Num 13:6, Num 13:30; Num 14:6, Num 14:24; Num 32:12; Num 34:19. Jos 14:6, Jos 14:14), who is distinguished from this Caleb in 1Ch 4:15. This shows the present genealogy to be independent.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
1Ch 2:18-20
1Ch 2:18-20
“And Caleb the son of Hezron begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon. And Azubah died, and Caleb took unto him Ephrath, who bare him Hur. And Hur begat Uri, and Uri begat Bezalel.
E.M. Zerr:
1Ch 2:18. This Caleb must not be confused with the man associated with Joshua as a spy. His father was Jephunneh; the father of this one was Hezron.
1Ch 2:19-20. Similarity of names should not be allowed to confuse us. This Hur was a son of Caleb who was a son of Hezron. The one in the days of Moses was from another family.
Fuente: Old and New Testaments Restoration Commentary
am 2534, etc. bc 1470, etc
Caleb: Caleb, , [Strong’s H3612], is the same as Chelubai, [Strong’s H3621], the latter simply having a , wav inserted, and a , yood affixed. This person must have lived some time before Israel left Egypt; for Bezaleel, the principal person employed in constructing the tabernacle, was his grandson. 1Ch 2:9, Chelubai, 1Ch 2:42
Reciprocal: 1Ch 2:24 – Calebephratah 1Ch 2:46 – Caleb’s 1Ch 4:1 – Carmi
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
2:18 And {e} Caleb the son of Hezron begat [children] of Azubah [his] wife, and of Jerioth: her sons [are] these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.
(e) Who was called Chelubai the son of Hezron, 1Ch 2:9.