Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Genesis 37:5

And Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told [it] his brethren: and they hated him yet the more.

5 11 (E). Joseph’s Dreams

5. dreamed a dream ] The influence of dreams in the E narrative is conspicuous; cf. Gen 20:3. Dreams were regarded by the Oriental as intimations from another world, and were invested with the sanctity of a divine oracle. The dream and its significance entered deeply into the religious conceptions of the ancient races.

Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

Gen 37:5-11

Joseph dreamed a dream

The dreams of Joseph

Destined superiority to brethren and parents is the one grand idea that comes out in the strange visions of the night recorded here.

1. This idea was evidently a Divine communication.

2. This idea was expressed at different periods and in different symbols.

3. This idea was felt by all to have a Divine significance.

I. THE VISIONS OF YOUTH. The young generally create bright visions of the future. This tendency serves–

(1) To increase the amount of mans happiness on this earth.

(2) To supply a mighty stimulus to our mental powers.

(3) To intimate what human nature would have been had there been no sin.

II. THE JEALOUSIES OF SOCIETY. Jealousy is a passion that springs from the fear of a rival enjoying advantages which we desire for ourselves.

1. It is very general.

2. It is an unhappy feeling.

3. It is unchristian.

III. THE DESTINY OF VIRTUE.

1. There is much in a virtuous life itself to ensure advancement.

2. Advancement is pledged by God Himself to a virtuous life.

Learn:

1. The fate of eminence. To encounter jealousy. Heed it not. March on.

2. The path of glory. Virtue. The beginning may be difficult, but the end will be everlasting life. (Homilist.)

The favourite son

I. JOSEPHS DREAMS.

II. JOSEPHS DISTRESS.

III. JOSEPHS DISAPPEARANCE.

1. He was separate by a superior destiny, of which his youthful dreams were permitted to give a dim, indefinite glimpse.

2. He was separate by reason of the fondness of his father for aim, on the one side, and by the envy and enmity of his brethren, on the other.

3. He was separate by the banishment from his home in Canaan to the land of Egypt, where the Midianites sold him to an officer high in the service of the Egyptian king.

4. And over all the chances and changes of his life God ruled. Josephs history remarkably illustrates Pauls saying in Rom 8:28. Let us remember this, and try from our earliest youth to serve God faithfully, and to suffer our trials patiently, as Joseph did. (W. S. Smith, B. D.)

Lessons

1. Good souls whom men hate for their goodness, God chooseth to reveal His mind more graciously to them.

2. God hath by dreams, in time past, revealed His future providences about His Church unto men.

3. Young years, addicted to godliness, are made capable of great and sweet discoveries from God (Gen 37:5).

4. It is duty to declare Gods will revealed concerning His purposes to His Church, though it please not men (Gen 37:6).

5. Dark, but certain, have been the revelations of God in times past, concerning His providence to His Church (Gen 37:7; Gen 37:9).

6. God in bringing about the salvation of His Church, makes parents and brethren stoop to His instruments. Superiors to inferiors.

7. God maketh persons in themselves adverse to His providences, yet to be interpreters of His revelations (Gen 37:8).

8. The Lord hath usually foretold the salvation and advancement of His Church, but not the way; Joseph dreams not of prisons.

9. Carnal relations are apt to hate and envy their very brother, when God sets him up above them.

10. The way and means of comfort which man despiseth, God useth yet to do them good who hate it. So here.

11. Gracious souls that wait for the Churchs delivery may yet have regret against the means discovered (Gen 37:10).

12. Grace in those souls checks their regret, and makes them observe, and keep Gods discoveries to them (Gen 37:11). (G. Hughes, B. D.)

How to judge of a dream

When a person told his dream in relating religious experience, Rowland Hill said, we do not despise a good mans dreams, but we will judge of the dream after we have seen how you act when you are awake.

Ambitions brilliant dreams

A youth of rare promise was Joseph. From his aptitude in creating and divining dreams, we may infer his fondness for quiet contemplation. His mind was active; he lived much in the future; he loved to roam amid unseen realities. Yet Joseph was not a perfect man. As every rose has its attendant thorn, so blemishes appear on his young soul. A sense of superiority and self-importance was fast springing up, under the unwise partiality of his father It was a tiny rift which would soon spoil the music of his life; a little cloud that would soon cover the whole horizon.

I. OBSERVE THE RAW MATERIAL OF THESE DREAMS. Every part of the history proceeds in a manner the most natural. It was the season of summer, and Joseph had been sharing with his brethren the labours of the harvest-field; for in Syria corn comes to maturity much earlier than in England. Overwearied with the excitements of the harvest, what more natural than that a busy imagination would weave into his dreams the stirring scenes in which he had just played a part? Touching the second dream, we must remember that, in the East the vocation of shepherds require their presence, in turn, during the hours of night, when wild beasts seek their prey. In that translucent atmosphere, and amid those cloudless skies, the lamps of heaven gleam with a brilliance unknown in Western climes. Again, by the natural processes of human thought, such a scene would furnish fit elements for the young mans dreams. Even nature moulds a man.

II. OBSERVE THE ARTIFICER OF THESE DREAMS. Not only does mystery appertain to heavenly things, there is mystery unfathomed within ourselves. Who can expound to us the philosophy of our dreams, yet these are full of significance. Aspirations, ambitions, projects, which during the day were kept in reserve, locked in secret by the monarch Will, now freely disport themselves, and the mans real self is seen in the mirror of his dreams. The prospect of eminence and rule rose before his eye, awake or asleep, like a glittering imperial crown, until that which at first was a vague possibility grew into a mental certainty. The conviction was rooting itself that he was to be a king.

III. OBSERVE THE OVER-RULING PURPOSE OF GOD. Although Joseph was conscious that he was free to choose his own course in life, free to frame ambitions, yet he was free only within certain limits, within a fitting circle: choice and will could act. Nevertheless the will of God encompassed and controlled the whole. There is no such thing as fatalism. We are moulding our own destiny, both temporal and eternal. We can catch at times a whispering of Gods voice even in our dreams. (J. D. Davies, M. A.)

Joseph has clear intimations of his future greatness

We are told in these verses that Joseph had intimations given him of his future greatness; that God revealed to him by dreams that, notwithstanding his brethrens present hatred and envy, they should one day come and bow themselves down before him. The happy end of all his troubles was thus mercifully made known to him, that he might be supported under them, and be strengthened to endure the depths of affliction into which his brethren were soon to plunge him. These dreams would doubtless often recur to his memory as he lay in the Egyptian prison, and cheer and comfort him as he felt the iron enter into his soul. And Joseph, in thus having his high destiny revealed to him at the commencement of his career, was a type of our dear Saviour. In all his sufferings on earth he was sustained and cheered by the joy that was set before him. The Father gave him this for the same reason that He gave Joseph early intimations of his future dignity, to cheer and solace his depressed spirit while rudely buffeted and tossed to and fro on the billows of earthly sorrow. We have thus seen, that the Father made known to Jesus as He did to Joseph the greatness that awaited Him, in order to sustain Him as He passed through the dreary waste of trouble that stretched far away between Him and the promised glory. We have seen also that Jesus, as well as Joseph, made mention of His coming dignity to His brethren. We shall now see that the result was the same in both cases. They hated him yet the more for his words, and said to him, Shalt thou indeed reign over us? or shalt thou indeed have dominion over us? So far from receiving Jesus as the Saviour when He clearly intimated to them that He was the Messiah, and proved it most convincingly by a thousand miracles, they despised and rejected Him. (E. Dalton)

The sanguine temperament of youth

It is worthy of remark, that Josephs visions were such as predicted only advancement and honour; his perils and imprisonment formed no part of his dreams. At this stage of the history, we are reminded of the sanguine hopes and lively anticipations which usually animate the minds of the young. (T. Gibson.)

Fuente: Biblical Illustrator Edited by Joseph S. Exell

The

dream it is probable he did not understand, for then he would never have told it to them, who, as he knew very well, were likely to make an evil construction and use of it.

Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole

5. Joseph dreamed a dreamDreamsin ancient times were much attended to, and hence the dream ofJoseph, though but a mere boy, engaged the serious consideration ofhis family. But this dream was evidently symbolical. The meaning waseasily discerned, and, from its being repeated under differentemblems, the fulfilment was considered certain (compare Ge41:32), whence it was that “his brethren envied him, but hisfather observed the saying” [Ge37:11].

Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

And Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told [it] his brethren,…. As a dream, in the simplicity of his heart; not understanding it, or imagining there was any meaning in it; he told it not with any design to affront them, but as an amusement, and for their diversion, there being something in it odd and ridiculous, as he himself might think:

and they hated him yet the more; not only because he had carried an ill report of them to his father, and because he loved him more than they, but still more because of this dream; the meaning of which they at once understood, though he did not, which yet they supposed he did, and that he told them it in a boasting manner, and to irritate them.

Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible

This hatred was increased when Joseph told them of two dreams that he had had: viz., that as they were binding sheaves in the field, his sheaf “stood and remained standing,” but their sheaves placed themselves round it and bowed down to it; and that the sun (his father), and the moon (his mother, “not Leah, but Rachel, who was neither forgotten nor lost”), and eleven stars (his eleven brethren) bowed down before him. These dreams pointed in an unmistakeable way to the supremacy of Joseph; the first to supremacy over his brethren, the second over the whole house of Israel. The repetition seemed to establish the thing as certain (cf. Gen 41:32); so that not only did his brethren hate him still more “ on account of his dreams and words ” (Gen 37:8), i.e., the substance of the dreams and the open interpretation of them, and become jealous and envious, but his father gave him a sharp reproof for the second, though he preserved the matter, i.e., retained it in his memory ( lxx , cf. , Luk 2:19). The brothers with their ill-will could not see anything in the creams but the suggestions of his own ambition and pride of heart; and even the father, notwithstanding his partiality, was grieved by the second dream. The dreams are not represented as divine revelations; yet they are not to be regarded as pure flights of fancy from an ambitious heart, but as the presentiments of deep inward feelings, which were not produced without some divine influence being exerted upon Joseph’s mind, and therefore were of prophetic significance, though they were not inspired directly by God, inasmuch as the purposes of God were still to remain hidden from the eyes of men for the saving good of all concerned.

Fuente: Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament

      5 And Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told it his brethren: and they hated him yet the more.   6 And he said unto them, Hear, I pray you, this dream which I have dreamed:   7 For, behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and, lo, my sheaf arose, and also stood upright; and, behold, your sheaves stood round about, and made obeisance to my sheaf.   8 And his brethren said to him, Shalt thou indeed reign over us? or shalt thou indeed have dominion over us? And they hated him yet the more for his dreams, and for his words.   9 And he dreamed yet another dream, and told it his brethren, and said, Behold, I have dreamed a dream more; and, behold, the sun and the moon and the eleven stars made obeisance to me.   10 And he told it to his father, and to his brethren: and his father rebuked him, and said unto him, What is this dream that thou hast dreamed? Shall I and thy mother and thy brethren indeed come to bow down ourselves to thee to the earth?   11 And his brethren envied him; but his father observed the saying.

      Here, I. Joseph relates the prophetical dreams he had, Gen 37:6; Gen 37:7; Gen 37:9; Gen 37:10. Though he was now very young (about seventeen years old), yet he was pious and devout, and well-inclined, and this fitted him for God’s gracious discoveries of himself to him. Joseph had a great deal of trouble before him, and therefore God gave him betimes this prospect of his advancement, to support and comfort him under the long and grievous troubles with which he was to be exercised. Thus Christ had a joy set before him, and so have Christians. Note, God has ways of preparing his people beforehand for the trials which they cannot foresee, but which he has an eye to in the comforts with which he furnishes them. His dreams were, 1. That his brethren’s sheaves all bowed to his, intimating upon what occasion they should be brought to do homage to him, namely, in seeking to him for corn; their empty sheaves should bow to his full one. 2. That the sun, and moon, and eleven stars, did obeisance to him, v. 9. Joseph was more of a prophet than a politician, else he would have kept this to himself, when he could not but know that his brethren did already hate him and that this would but the more exasperate them. But, if he told it in his simplicity, yet God directed it for the mortification of his brethren. Observe, Joseph dreamed of his preferment, but he did not dream of his imprisonment. Thus many young people, when they are setting out in the world, think of nothing but prosperity and pleasure, and never dream of trouble.

      II. His brethren take it very ill, and are more and more enraged against him (v. 8): Shalt thou indeed reign over us? See here, 1. How truly they interpreted his dream, that he should reign over them. Those become the expositors of his dream who were enemies to the accomplishment of it, as in Gideon’s story (Jdg 7:13; Jdg 7:14); they perceived that he spoke of them, Matt. xxi. 45. The event exactly answered to this interpretation, ch. xlii. 6, c. 2. How scornfully they resented it: “Shalt thou, who are but one, reign over us, who are many? Thou, who are the youngest, over us who are older?” Note, The reign and dominion of Jesus Christ, our Joseph, have been, and are, despised and striven against by a carnal and unbelieving world, who cannot endure to think that this man should reign over them. The dominion also of the upright, in the morning of the resurrection, is thought of with the utmost disdain.

      III. His father gives him a gentle rebuke for it, yet observes the saying, Gen 37:10Gen 37:11. Probably he checked him for it, to lessen the offence which his brethren would be apt to take at it; yet he took notice of it more than he seemed to do: he insinuated that it was but an idle dream, because his mother was brought in, who had been dead some time since; whereas the sun, moon, and eleven stars, signify no more than the whole family that should have a dependence upon him, and be glad to be beholden to him. Note, The faith of God’s people in God’s promises is often sorely shaken by their misunderstanding the promises and then suggesting the improbabilities that attend the performance; but God is doing his own work, and will do it, whether we understand him aright or no. Jacob, like Mary (Luke ii. 51), kept these things in his heart, and no doubt remembered them long afterwards, when the event answered to the prediction.

Fuente: Matthew Henry’s Whole Bible Commentary

Verses 5-8:

Joseph’s two dreams appear to be a Divine revelation of his future role. There is no indication, however, that God instructed him to tell these dreams to his brothers. Telling them would only increase their animosity toward Joseph and make life more difficult for him.

Joseph’s first dream was of a rustic setting, in which the sheaves of his brothers bowed themselves down to his sheaf, as subjects bowing before a ruler. It appears Joseph did not attempt to interpret the dream; he may have been unaware of its significance. But his brothers concluded that it denoted his desire to rule over them, and this they were unwilling to accept.

Joseph’s dream caused his jealous brothers to hate him the more.

Fuente: Garner-Howes Baptist Commentary

(5) Joseph dreamed a dream.Though dreams as a rule do but arise from the mind being wearied with overmuch business (Ecc. 5:3), or other trivial causes; yet as being from time to time used by God for providential purposes, they are occasionally described as a lower kind of prophecy (Num. 12:6-8; Deu. 13:1; 1Sa. 28:15). In the life of Joseph they form the turning point in his history, and it is to be noticed that while revelations were frequently made to Jacob, we have henceforward no record of any such direct communication from God to man until the time of Moses. The utmost granted to Joseph was to dream dreams; and after this the children of Israel in Egypt were left entirely to natural laws and influences. (Comp. Note on Gen. 26:2.)

Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)

5. And Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told it his brethren “In normal sleep there is inactivity of the senses, and consequently of the powers of perception by the senses, (presentative powers,) as well as of continuous and rational thought, while there may, at the same time, be activity of memory and imagination, (representative powers,) reproducing and fantastically combining the waking thoughts, thus causing dreams . Our lower as well as higher powers the sleeping as well as the waking mind may become the vehicle of divine revelation . Yet the Scriptures refer to the revelations received in sleep as if inferior in grade and character to those which involve the higher faculties of perception, understanding, and reason. It is in dreams that God reveals himself to the heathen, (Abimelech, Pharaoh, Nebuchadnezzar,) but to the seers of the chosen people only, as a general rule, in the prophet’s preparatory or rudimentary period. See Blackie’s Iliad, iv, p. 12. These accounts cannot fairly lead us to consider our mental operations in sleep as any more supernaturally guided than those of our waking hours. Neither can have prophetic authority unless inspired.” Newhall.

Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments