Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Psalms 31:15
My times [are] in thy hand: deliver me from the hand of mine enemies, and from them that persecute me.
15. My times &c.] Cp. 1Ch 29:30. The vicissitudes of my life are all under Thy control.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
My times are in thy hand – That is, I said this in my trouble; when my friends forsook me, and when my enemies came around me and threatened my life. The meaning is, that all that pertained to him was under the control and at the disposal of God. He would live as long as God should please. It was His to give life; His to preserve it; His to take it away. All in relation to life – its origin – its continuance – its changes – its seasons – childhood, youth, middle age, old age – all was in the hand of God. No one, therefore, could take his life before the time that had been appointed by God, and he might calmly commit the whole to him. This we may feel in all seasons of life and in all times of danger; of sickness; of feebleness. We shall live as long as God has appointed; we shall pass through such changes as he directs; we shall die when and where and how he chooses. In the faithful discharge of our duty, therefore, we may commit all these things to him, and leave all at his disposal.
Deliver me from the hand of mine enemies – That is, since all these things are under thy control; since thou hast power over my life and over all that pertains to me, I pray that thy power may be exerted in my behalf, and that my life may be rescued from danger. This was his prayer in the midst of his troubles, and this prayer was heard.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Psa 31:15
My times are in Thy hand.
Affiance
There is nothing which more distinguishes the Christian from the ungodly man than the temper with which the experiences and possibilities of life are regarded. The Christian sees in all the hand of God, and submits; the other feels the stroke hardly knowing whence it comes. The one looks up with intelligent hope, the other looks down as it falls with a blind despair. How terrible are the calamities which the psalm portrays; but how beautiful the trust which, in the midst of them all, the psalmist displays.
I. what lies at its basis–belief in the truth of a particular providence. Now, providence is the Divine reason of all things. Deny it, and you take away the ground of my trust and resignation. And why should any suppose that the control or agency of the Infinite should terminate with the first creating act? That He should create and then leave that which He has created to go on its way without further control or care? Yet many think this. They believe that God has formed a number of self-acting machines. He wound up the mighty herologe, and stood aside to see it go. They think it derogatory to His dignity to be constantly interfering with His works. But where is there less dignity in administering laws than in appointing them? And how do we know what is or is not worthy of His care? Apart from the plans and purposes of God, the entire universe is insignificant: in relation to them every atom is important, for upon any one atom the entire sequence may depend. It is told of Mahomet, how, when hard pressed by his pursuers, he took refuge in a cave, which they were about to enter, when they observed a spiders web spun over the mouth of it, and, therefore, turned away convinced that it could not have been lately entered. That spiders web changed the destiny of the world, inasmuch as it preserved the life of the man who exercised such immense influence over it. And how perpetually we are finding that vast results turn upon the most trivial and insignificant circumstances. Without providence, history would be an absurdity, the universe an enigma, and the Deity undeified. The Christian assigns to this doctrine a place among the primary truths of his religious faith. He devoutly and joyfully recognizes it. In the text the psalmist declares that his times–all the vicissitudes and changes of his life–are in Gods hand; all under Gods appointment, and under His control. It is so. Our times of prosperity, of adversity, and the time of our death.
II. the Christian mans recognition of this truth. It is by faith. The proof of the doctrine is sufficient but not overpowering. Our admission of it depends largely upon our moral condition as, indeed, all faith does. There is no faith in believing the demonstration of a mathematical problem. A man, therefore, may recognize no providence, and to those who do, its difficulties are often very great. Nevertheless, the Christian believes. For he believes in the justice, the wisdom and the goodness, as well as the power of God. And because he is reconciled to God in Christ he believes that providence will bring good to him. He calls upon God as Our Father, which art in Heaven. Well, then, let us be content, be our lot what it may. Trust for all the future. Let me never dare to doubt. (Henry Allen.)
My times are in Thy hand
Whatever is to come out of our life, is in our heavenly Fathers hand. He guards the vine of life, and He also protects the clusters which shall be produced thereby. If life be as a field, the field is under the hand of the great Husbandman, and the harvest of that field is with Him also. The ultimate results of His work of grace upon us, and of His education of us in this life, are in the highest hand. The close of life is not decided by the sharp knife of the fates; but by the hand of love. We shall not die before our time, neither shall we be forgotten and left upon the stage too long. Not only are we ourselves in the hand of the Lord, but all that surrounds us. We are comforted to have it so.
I. A clear conviction that our times are in the hand of God will create within us a sense of the nearness of God. If the hand of God is laid upon all our surroundings, God Himself is near us. The tendency of this age is to get further and further from God.
1. My times are in Thy hand. Then there is nothing left to chance. Events happen not to men by a fortune which has no order or purpose in it. The lot is cast into the lap; but the whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. We dare not leave out the least event. The creeping of an aphis upon a rosebud is as surely arranged by the decree of Providence as the march of a pestilence through a nation.
2. My times are in Thy hand is an assurance which also puts an end to the grim idea of an iron fate compelling all things. Have you the notion that fate grinds on like an enormous wheel, ruthlessly crushing everything that lies in its way, not pausing for pity, nor turning aside for mercy? Remember that, if you liken Providence to a wheel, it must be a wheel which is full of eyes. Its every revolution is in wisdom and goodness.
3. My times are in Thy hand reveals the condescension of the Lord. Wonder of wonders, that God should not only think of me, but should make my concerns His concerns, and take my matters into His hand!
4. What a bliss this is! How near it brings God to us, and us to God.
II. this truth is a complete answer to many a temptation. Satan says, Now you have a large family, and your chief duty is to provide for them. Your position brings with it many wants. Here is a plan of making money; others follow it. It may not be quite straight, but you must not be particular in such a world as this, for nobody else is. How will you meet this? Say to Satan, It is not my business to provide for myself or for my family: my times are in Gods hand; and his name is Jehovah-Jireh, the Lord will provide; and I will not do a questionable thing, though it would fill my house with silver and gold. I shall not meddle with my Lords business. It is His to provide for me: it is mine to walk uprightly, and obey His Word. But supposing he says, Well, but you are already in difficulties, and you cannot extricate yourself if you are too precise. A poor man cannot afford to keep a conscience: it is an expensive luxury in these days. Give your conscience a holiday, and you can soon get out of your trouble. Let your reply be, O prince of darkness, it is no business of mine to extricate myself! My times are in Gods hand. I have taken my case to Him, and He will work for me in this matter better than I can do for myself! He does not wish me to do a wrong thing, that I may do for myself what He has promised to do for me.
III. this conviction is a sufficient support against the fear of men. How often we meet with people who are staggered by slander. If my times are in Gods hand, no man can do me harm unless God permit. Though my soul is among lions, yet no lion can bite me while Jehovahs angel is my guard.
IV. A full belief in the statement of our text is A cure for present worry. O Lord, if my times are in Thy hand, I have cast my care on Thee, and I trust and am not afraid! To leave our times with God is to live as free from care as the birds upon the bough. If we fret, we shall not glorify God; and we shall not constrain others to see what true religion can do for us in the hour of tribulation. Fret and worry put it out of our power to act wisely; but if we can leave everything with God because everything is really in His hand, we shall be peaceful, and our action will be deliberate; and for that very reason it will be more likely to be wise. He that rolls his burden upon the Lord will be strong to do or to suffer; and his days shall be as the days of heaven upon the earth.
V. A firm conviction as to this truth is a quietus as to future dread. The very word times supposes change for you; but as there are no changes with God, all is well. Things will happen which you cannot foresee; but your Lord has foreseen all, and provided for all.
VI. A full conviction that our times are in his hand will be a reason for consecrated service. If God has undertaken my business for me, then I may most fitly undertake such business for Him as He may appoint. Queen Elizabeth wished one of the leading merchants of London to go to Holland to watch her interests there. The honest man told her Majesty that he would obey her commands; but he begged her to remember that it would involve the ruin of his own trade for him to be absent. To this the Queen replied, If you will see to my business, I will see to your business. With such a royal promise he might willingly let his own business go; for a queen should have it in her power to do more for a subject than he can do for himself. The Lord, in effect, says to the believer, I will take your affairs in hand, and see them through for you. Will you not at once feel that now it is your joy, your delight, to live to glorify your gracious Lord?
VII. If our times are in Gods hand, here is a grand argument for future blessedness. He that takes care of our times, will take care of our eternity. He that has brought us so far, and wrought so graciously for us, will see us safely over the rest of the road. (C. H. Spurgeon.)
On our lives being in the hand of God
The sun that rolls over our heads, the food that we receive, the rest that we enjoy, daily admonish us of a superior power, on whom the inhabitants of the earth depend for light, life, and subsistence. But as long as all things proceed in their ordinary course; when day returns after day with perfect similarity; when our life seems stationary, and nothing occurs to warn us of any approaching change, the religious sentiments of dependence are apt to be forgotten.
I. That our times are not in our own hand.
1. Of this we may behold many a proof, when we look back on the transactions of the year which is finished. Recollection will readily present to us a busy period, filled up with a mixture of business and amusement, of anxieties and cares, of joys and sorrows. We have formed many a plan; in public or in private life, we have been engaged in a variety of pursuits. Let me now ask, how small a proportion of all that has happened could have been foreseen, or foretold by us? How many things have occurred, of which we had no expectation; some, perhaps, that have succeeded beyond our hopes; many, also, that have befallen us contrary to our wish?
2. That scene is now closed. We look forward to another year; and what do we behold there? all is a blank to our view. Life and death, prosperity and adversity, health and sickness, joy and trouble, lie in one undistinguishable mass, where our eye can descry nothing through the obscurity that wraps them up.
II. That our times are in the hand of God.
1. As a supreme, irresistible Ruler. He has foreknown and arranged everything. He sees from the beginning to the end; and brings forward everything that happens in its due time and place.
2. As a merciful Guardian and Father. To Him we may safely commit ourselves, and all our concerns, as to One who is best qualified, both to direct the incidents proper to happen to us in this world, and to judge of the time when it is fit for us to be removed from it. Even that ignorance of our future destiny in life, of which we sometimes complain, is a signal proof of His goodness. He hides from us the view of futurity, because the view would be dangerous and overpowering. It would either dispirit us with visions of terror, or intoxicate us by the disclosure of success.
Conclusion.
1. Seeing our times are not in our own hand, seeing futurity is unknown to us, let us check the vain curiosity of penetrating into what is to come. Our wisdom is, to be prepared for whatever the year is to bring; prepared to receive comforts with thankfulness, troubles with fortitude; and to improve both for the great purposes of virtue and eternal life.
2. Another important instruction which naturally arises from our times not being in our own hands is, that we ought no longer to trifle with what it is not in our power to prolong: but; that we should make haste to live as wise men; not delaying till to-morrow what may be done to-day; doing now with all our might whatever our hand findeth to do, before that night cometh wherein no man can work.
3. When we consider that our times are in the hand of God as a sovereign Disposer, it is an obvious inference from this truth, that we should prepare ourselves to submit patiently to His pleasure, both as to the events which are to fill up our days, and as to the time of our continuing in this world.
4. To God as a wise Ruler, calm submission is due; but it is more than submission that belongs to Him as a merciful Father; it is the spirit of cordial and affectionate consent to His will. Unknown to us as the times to come are, it should be sufficient to our full repose that they are known to God. (H. Blair, D. D.)
Safe times
I. The fact expressed in the text.
1. In a general sense, every mans times are in Gods hand. It is a happy thing, and it certifies the stability of the wide realm of being, that the great Ruler will not suffer one thread of His government to pass for a moment out of His grasp.
2. In a special sense, which renders it worthy of grateful mention, the good mans times are in Gods hand. You are helpless: will that slacken Gods care that all shall be best with you? You are dependent, and you try to be trustful: will that set to sleep the vigilance of Him who has all the ordering of your way? You are ignorant and erring: will that give occasion to infinite pity to mislead you or neglect you, and you right upon your march towards the opportunity of scanning all His dealings with you, and of scanning them in the light of a knowledge which it is His purpose shall eternally increase? Nay: your times, every one of every shade and shape, are at home in the centre of all safety.
II. The temper in which this fact is expressed in the text.
1. The psalmist gives to the fact his cordial personal consent. It is not a statement merely; it is a self-gratulation also, with something of a thanksgiving besides.
2. When the responsibility would be the heaviest if he did have his times in his own hand, he remembers they are in Gods, and breathes freely because the weight of them is not at all upon himself, but altogether upon Him who bears the burdens of eternity and doth not weary. Our part is patience, obedience, brave submission.
3. It allays all his anxiety about his times. Fears about ourselves, fears about friends whom we love better than ourselves, apprehensions about life, apprehensions about death–about death perhaps most of all, with its when and where and how,–every one of them would be gone from these hearts of ours, if only they held within them the plain fact of our text as firmly as they hold many a fact that has a thousand times less of deep personal interest for us. (J. A. Kerr Bain, M. A.)
Our times, living and dying, in Gods hand
I. our times are not naturally our own, to employ as we please, to be accountable to ourselves only for the use of them.
1. Certainly not the times which are gone by; for we cannot recall them: they are not in our power. As little control can we exercise over the hours that are present: we cannot command sickness or health, youth or age. The times will never come when we shall begin to be at our own disposal, and cease to depend on Gods sovereign will. It is not possible, neither is it desirable. Rejoice that your times are in Gods hand.
2. It is not less so in regard to His dispensations towards us, as we are His redeemed people, children of grace. In this respect, especially, none of us liveth to himself, etc.
II. This arrangement is for our advantage.
1. The happiness of feeling assured, when we come to die, that our time of dying is in the Lords hand, must be inconceivably great.
2. The way to have this happiness when we die is to make it our aim while we live, to seek Gods mercy in Christ, to submit to His disposal, and to follow His steps, led by His hand, in a holy, serious, humble, uncorrupt way; and, as all our times are in the Lords hand, to bless the Lord at all times. (W. Firth, B. D.)
Our times are in Gods hand
My times are in Thy hand–the seasons, the stages, and eras of my life, with all their casualties, and opportunities, incidents, and events, are all in Thy hand, under Thy control, and at Thy disposal.
I. My prosperous times are in thy hand.
1. My times of worldly prosperity. This is as clear as it is certain. For though every one may do much to preserve his health, that does not depend entirely on himself, any more than that of his family and friends; his good name is not in his own keeping; his credit is not in his own power; business does not come at his bidding.
2. Times of spiritual prosperity. Without this, the prosperous man is like a vessel in full sail before the wind without ballast, in danger of being dashed to pieces.
II. My trying times are in thy hand.
1. Times trying to my principles. Times of change of situation, condition, and calling in life; of removal from one place of residence to another; of losses, disappointments, and failures in business; of fraud, injustice, and oppression from men; of adversity, poverty and privations;–are especially trying to mens principles.
2. Times trying to my patience, Times of personal and relative affliction and distress.
III. My working times are in thy hand.
1. Times when I am able to work. Every one should have a lawful calling in the world, should abide in his calling, mind the business of his calling, should study to be quiet, and do his own business, and work with his own hands, as he is commanded.
2. Times when I am specially called to work. Times of abounding iniquity, etc.
IV. My waiting times are in thy hand.
1. Times of waiting on the Lord. In the sanctuary, the family, the closet.
2. Times of waiting for the Lord–for His own time of giving what is good, and for His own way of doing us good.
V. my dying time is in thy hand. We must all die alone. And while we live, we are dying. Are not times of weakening my strength in the way, of exanimating sickness, of excruciating pain, of wasting lungs, of struggling breath, of loss of appetite, of bodily and mental prostration, so many dying times to every one that is subject to them? Lessons:
1. To acknowledge Thy hand at all times.
2. To commit my spirit into Thy hand.
3. To make my prayer unto the God of my life. (G. Robson.)
Minute oversight
Some men practically regard only some of their times as in the hand of God.
1. We not infrequently regard as providential only that which we deem calamitous. A bridge falls, and scores of souls are hurried into eternity, and we cry–Providence! But a bridge stands for years, and hundreds pass across in safety, and so far as concerns that bridge, we turn God out of court.
2. Sometimes we recognize God only when what we call large takes place. One man is killed, and nobody says anything about Providence; but a dreadful catastrophe occurs, and two or three hundred lives are lost; and we say, Providence! Judgment! We should remember that large and little are words expressive of our finite knowledge.
3. Sometimes we regard as providential only that which comes unexpectedly. When we put our money to usury and get a good percentage, we take our income as a matter of course; we say nothing about Providence. But unexpectedly we have a windfall;–reaping where and what we have never sown–and we call the windfall a providence. What comes in the ordinary course of things is no providence; so we poor, morally illogical creatures say; but whatever takes place that we cannot account for, we call a providential dispensation. This is nothing short of saying that God begins to work only at the point where human intellectual vision ceases; that the sphere of providence touches only the horizon of our mental view. My times are in Thy hand. What then? This: expect comfort for all seasons. Be courageous at all times; and adore amidst all changes, an unchanging God. (J. S. Swan.)
The particularity of Divine Providence
I. the doctrine of the text. We shall be told, perhaps, that the doctrine of a particular Providence represents the Most High, as attentive to insignificant affairs,–gives to the Divine administration the aspect of overwhelming complexity,–and, is inconsistent with the majesty of the Supreme Being.
1. By no means do we deny, that the doctrine of a particular Providence does give to the Divine administration an aspect of overwhelming complexity. But then we are speaking, not of what the human mind can grasp, but of what the Supreme intelligence effects. Whoever admits the Being of a God, must connect with it the idea of infinity. No degree of attention, or variety of objects, can bewilder Him, whose understanding is infinite.
2. To oppose the consideration of Jehovahs infinite majesty to the doctrine of His providential administration is unscriptural, and absurd. The universe is a great and glorious whole;–but this great and glorious whole cannot be rightly preserved and governed, without the right preservation and government of all its parts.
II. the way in which the beneficial influence of this doctrine is to be experienced. The doctrine of His providence as revealed in Scripture, gives us a glorious idea of His character. It leads us to conceive of His presence as filling immensity, and of His goodness as commanding universal confidence. It leads us to worship Him, and to confide in Him as the Lord of the universe, in whom all majesty is for ever centred, and from whom all blessings flow. But this doctrine appears to the greatest advantage, viewed in the light of the glory of God, in the face of Jesus Christ;–and it is the knowledge of His glory, as a covenant Jehovah in the Son of His love, that gives to the faith of this doctrine its most beneficial effect. And well may the believer joy in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, knowing that all the perfections of the adorable I Am are engaged to promote his welfare and to effect his salvation. It shall only be added, that to derive benefit from the doctrine we have stated, it is necessary for us to avail ourselves of it by faith, especially when such benefit is most needed. When did David say in the prayer, and confidence of faith, My times are in thy hand?–it was when fear was on every side, and in so doing, he took an extended view of the providence of God, and honoured Him. The times of man are numerous and diversified;–he has times of sorrow, of trial, of affliction. As there is a time to be born,–so there is a time to die. David takes the range of the whole,–and instead of planning for God, or deeming himself at the mercy of his enemies, he said, My times are in Thy hand. Thus he met the storm which tried his faith, and the recollection of his so doing was grateful to his feelings, and subservient to communion with his everlasting friend when fresh trials occurred. (W. Hutchings.)
The measure of human life
There are three main causes which go to determine the length of time of every human life.
1. The first is physical. Every man has a constitution given him by God which has a certain amount of vital power and no more, which can bear a certain amount of strain and exertion and no more. When this stock is exhausted first one and then another organ gives up, and the end comes. How soon it will come is partly determined by circumstances. In one set of circumstances it is delayed; in another it is hastened; but no circumstances, no precautions, however incessant, can preserve it for ever. Not that strength of constitution is always allowed to be the measure of life. Its course is not seldom arrested by a violent death; it is cut short in battle, or by the executioner, or by lightning, or by railway accident, or by drowning, or by the murderers knife, or by poison taken unwitting!y, or by the bite of an animal, or by pestilence that walketh in darkness; and yet such events might suggest to those who believe in the providence of God that there are other and more influential, although less patent, causes that affect the length of human life, causes which we now proceed to consider.
2. Every man has a certain work assigned him to do, and when it is done, or ought to have been done, then he has to make room for others. What that work exactly is He knows who has placed us here. But most of us can only infer generally, and not always quite distinctly, why we were placed here, while none of us can dare to say certainly at the close of life that the work which our Maker meant us to do has been completed. Too many of us–alas!–never think of this solemn truth. The outward form of the work matters less than the presence or absence of the ennobling motive. The highest work may be even irretrievably degraded by the absence of that purpose. But, however this may be, with each of us a day comes when the work we had to do has been done or ought to have been done, and can be no longer done, and then the end comes.
3. Closely related to this cause, and yet distinct from it, there is a third. Every man is here on his probation or trial; he has a certain number of difficulties to encounter, a certain number of opportunities of which he may avail himself, measured unto him by a perfect justice which will deal with him accordingly. When these difficulties have been passed, in whatever manner, with whatever difficulty, the end comes. Who can say when the last difficulty has been surmounted, or when the last opportunity has been rejected or missed? We do not know. But our ignorance does not disprove the fact he knows who has made us, who has placed us here on our trial, who removes us when we have passed it or have failed. (Canon Liddon.)
The Divine superintendency of human affairs
. Second only to the interest of that view of God as the Author of salvation through Christ, is this which ascribes to Him the presidency over all human affairs.
I. in what sense this is true.
1. It is true of the times of mens entrance into the world, and their departure out of it. Hence the regular succession and perpetuity of the generations of men; and the appearance of men in the world with capacities and powers, exactly united to the age in which they live. If subtle adversaries against the truth appear, among their contemporaries, its most acute and intelligent defenders are found. And so of mens departure from this world: they not only come, but go at Gods bidding. Till He give the command, nothing can force open the door of eternity for us; and when He does, nothing can keep us from entering it. It is said that the devil hath the power of death. But this cannot mean natural death, for had he power over that, he would never suffer a bad man to live till he was converted, nor a good man afterwards. But it refers to the future death of torment which Satan as the executioner of Divine justice is commissioned to inflict.
2. It is true of the times of their worldly prosperity and adversity. We see this in the case of nations and empires, but it is true also of all the individuals comprising any nation. God fixes the bounds of every ones habitation and determines his lot. He does not interfere with the natural liberty of men, nor fail to allow, in a general way, for diligence and prudence to work out their own reward, and vice and idleness to bring their own punishment. Yet, the final issues of things depend entirely on His will. It is good to recognize this for, so, by a conviction of the Divine wisdom and goodness, we are the more ready to acquiesce in all providential arrangements.
3. It is true of the times of mens gracious visitation and instruction. These periods form our day of grace, Thus we read of the Church of Thyatira, that Christ gave her space to repent, and we read of a time when Thou mayest be found, and of the time of visitation. In addition to these there are sermons of refreshment for the Church at large. We read of set times to favour Zion. Such times are the cordials of life, catches of sunlight upon our spiritual prospect, the wells of water and the palms at which we arrive as we journey through the wilderness.
II. what are the uses of this doctrine.
1. Men should learn to value the times of gracious visitation and use them well, lest God take them away. This He may do, by taking away our lives, or our sensibility, or the means of grace themselves.
2. Good people should be comforted, since their times are in Gods hands. What have we to fear?
3. This truth should reconcile us to the stroke of death when it comes to ourselves or others. (J. Leifchild.)
The Christians lot in the Divine hand
The way of the Christian is often very difficult, and it would often be appalling, and life itself would be mournful were it not for the many consolations to which the pious mind may resort. To such consolations under difficulty the psalmist is clearly referring in our text.
I. Briefly illustrate the fact which the statement of the text comprehends. And–
1. Consider those seasons which are to be especially regarded as under the Divine management. No doubt, all the events of life are under Gods control. Some deny this, and men limit the interference of God to the great and momentous affairs of men. But reason and Scripture alike teach (see Psa 104:1-35.) the universal superintendence of God. Our Lord Jesus Christ says, Are not two sparrows sold? thereby teaching this same truth. The time of prosperity is in Gods hand, though men sadly forget this. And the time of affliction, and the time of death. Next–
2. Observe the principles according to which this Divine arrangement is regulated. And
(1) Sovereignty. God conducts all His dealings towards men as a Sovereign (see Jer 18:1-23.)–the potter and the clay. But–
(2) There is also Justice. God can do nothing that is not right. Sovereignty and justice in God are never to be opposed to each other: they are ever associated.
(3) Mercy. It is of the Lords mercies that we are not consumed. But for this where would man be?
(4) Wisdom. All our events are under Gods hand, and these are the principles on which they are regulated and controlled.
II. the results which this recognition should produce.
1. Contentment. How could our affairs be better ordered? Let the poor and the afflicted remember this.
2. Trust, entire and unwavering confidence in God. How can we believe what has been said and not trust?
3. Gratitude. What abundant cause we have, when we look back on our lives, for this feeling towards God. Many an Ebenezer we can inscribe upon our pathway, and if so, should we not praise Him?
4. Anticipation. How calmly and confidently may we look on to the future. Foreboding and fear should be far from us. But to enter into all this we must be reconciled to God in the Lord Jesus Christ. (James Parsons.)
Davids confidence in Gods providence
If Caesar could say to the fearful ferryman in a terrible storm, Be of good cheer, thou carriest Caesar, and therefore canst not miscarry, how much more may he presume to be safe that hath God in his company. A child in the dark feels nothing while he has his father by the hand. (John Trapp.)
Fuente: Biblical Illustrator Edited by Joseph S. Exell
Verse 15. My times are in thy hand] The events of my life are under thy control. No danger can happen to me without thy foresight; thou seest what is prepared for or meditated against me; thou canst therefore deliver me from mine enemies.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
My times; either,
1. The time of my life, how long I shall live. Or,
2. My opportunities or fit seasons for working out my deliverance. Or rather,
3. All the affairs and events of my life; for time is oft put for things done or accidents happening in time, as 1Ch 29:30; Job 11:17; Psa 37:18; Ecc 9:11; Dan 2:21; Act 17:26.
Are in thy hand, i.e. are wholly in thy power, to dispose and order as thou seest fit, and not at all in mine enemies power, who can do nothing against me, unless it be given them from above.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
15. timescourse of life.
deliver . . . handopposedto “shut me up,” &c., of Ps31:8.
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
My times [are] in thy hand,…. And not in the hand of his enemies; as his time of life and death, which was only by the direction and appointment of God, was in his power, and fixed by him; nor could his enemies take away his life before his time, and without the will of his covenant God: the time of his coming to the throne, and what was gone over him during his reign hitherto, 1Ch 29:30; and all his times of trouble in it; times of prosperity and of adversity; of darkness, desertion, and temptation; and of joy, peace, and comfort; these were all in the hands of the Lord, at his disposal, and ordered by him for the good of his servant, and for the glory of his own name; and this was a quieting consideration to the psalmist under his present trials and exercises; the Targum is, “the times of my redemption”
deliver me from the hand of mine enemies, and from them that persecute me; a good man has many enemies, and even his very goodness creates him such; for wicked men are enemies to all that is good; and those are persecuting ones, in one way or other; either by words or deeds; and deliverance out of their hands is by the Lord, who sometimes gives his people rest from adversity, and suffers not the rod of the wicked to continue on them; and therefore it is best to apply to him for it.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
15. My times are in thy hand. That he might the more cheerfully commit the preservation of his person to God, he assures us, that, trusting to his divine guardianship, he did not trouble himself about those casual and unforeseen events which men commonly dread. The import of his language is, Lord, it is thy prerogative, and thou alone hast the power, to dispose of both my life and my death. Nor does he use the plural number, in my opinion, without reason; but rather to mark the variety of casualties by which the life of man is usually harassed. It is a cold exposition to restrict the phrase, my times, to the time which he had to live, as if David meant no more than that his time or his days on earth were in God’s hand. On the contrary, I am of opinion that, while he mused on the various revolutions and manifold dangers which continually hang over us, and the manifold unlooked-for events which from time to time happen, he nevertheless confidently reposed upon the providence of God, which he believed to be, according to the common saying, the arbiter both of good and of evil fortune. In the first clause we see that he not only denominates God the governor of the world in general, but also affirms that his life is in his hand; and not only so, but that to whatever agitations it might be subjected, and whatever trials and vicissitudes might befall him, he was safe under his protection. On this he founds his prayer, that God would preserve and deliver him from the hand of his enemies.
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
(15) My times are in thy handi.e., the vicissitudes of human life (LXX. and Vulg. have my destinies) are under Divine control, so that the machinations of the foe cannot prevail against one whom God intends to deliver. For the expression comp. 1Ch. 29:30, the times that went over him, Isa. 33:6.
The sense of security in this trusting phrase may be contrasted with the feeling of danger in another Hebrew phrase, my soul is continually in my hand, Psa. 119:109.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
15. My times are in thy hand Not only the duration of my life, but my fortunes and vicissitudes, are at thy sovereign disposal. The doctrine of special providence, covering all the events of our individual lives, was deeply rooted in the Hebrew faith. See Dan 5:23
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Psa 31:15. My times ittotai, are those critical times of danger, when life is reduced to turn upon a point.
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
DISCOURSE: 544
OUR TIMES IN GODS HAND
Psa 31:15. My times are in thy hand.
TO the ungodly it is a satisfaction to deny the providence of God, and to cut him off, as it were, from any connexion with his creatures. But the saints find a rich consolation in the thought that God reigneth. This it is which reconciles them to the evils they endure, and fortifies them against those which they have reason to apprehend. David, in the psalm before us, complains that there were many who took counsel together against him, and devised to take away his life. But he comforted himself in the reflection, that, however man might be his enemy, God was his God; and that however bitterly his enemies might be enraged against him, his times were not in their hands, but in Gods; and, consequently, that they could do nothing against him but by His permission.
From this view of the text we are led to notice,
I.
Our dependence on God
God is the Governor of the universe: he appoints the stars their courses; he makes the raging elements to fulfil his will [Note: Psa 148:8.]; he imposes a restraint upon the most savage beasts, causing them to suppress [Note: 1Ki 13:28.] or forget [Note: Dan 6:22.] their instinctive ferocity, or overruling the exercise of it, for the preservation [Note: Jon 1:17.] or destruction of men [Note: 2 Kings2:24.], as he sees occasion. The affairs of men he more especially controls. In his hands are,
1.
The occurrences of life
[There is nothing really casual or contingent in the world. It is God that disposes of us from our earliest infancy to the latest hour of our lives. He determines the bounds of our habitation [Note: Act 17:26.]. If we are called to the possession of wealth, or deprived of it by any untoward circumstances, it is the Lord who gives, and the Lord who taketh it away [Note: Job 1:21.]. If we enjoy health, or pine away in sickness, it is the Lord who both wounds and heals, who kills and makes alive [Note: 1Sa 2:6-7.]. There is neither good nor evil in the city, but the Lord is the doer of it [Note: Amo 3:6.]. Even the falling of a hair of our head, trifling as it is, takes not place but by his appointment [Note: Mat 10:30.].]
2.
The seasons of death
[To every man there is an appointed time upon earth [Note: Job 7:1.]: there are bounds which he cannot pass [Note: Job 14:5.]. God holdeth our souls in life [Note: Psa 66:9.]: and when he taketh away our breath, we die, and return to the dust [Note: Psa 104:29.]. Youth and health are no security against the stroke of death: the most vigorous constitutions are soon broken, when God is pleased to afflict us [Note: Job 21:23-25.]: the skill of physicians, however useful when attended with his blessing, is of no avail [Note: Mar 5:26.]. So numerous are the occasions of death, that no caution can possibly avoid them: a man may flee from a lion, and a bear meet him; or he may go into a house for safety, and a serpent bite him [Note: Amo 5:19.]. When God requires our souls, we must surrender them at his call [Note: Luk 12:20.]. Our days are protracted to an advanced age, if he be pleased to uphold us; if not, our course is finished as soon as ever it is commenced. It is in God, and in God alone, that we live, and move, and have our being [Note: Act 17:28.].]
But though these ideas are certainly comprehended in the text, its more immediate scope is to declare,
II.
Our security in God
We have already observed, that the words of the text were introduced by David as a consolatory reflection, under the cruel treatment which he had received from friends and enemies. We are therefore taught by them to assure ourselves,
1.
That none can destroy us before our time
[We appear to be, yea, we really are, in the midst of many and great dangers. But however we may be encompassed with enemies, they cannot prevail against us till the Lords time for our removal is come. David was continually exposed to the rage and jealousy of Saul, who repeatedly cast a javelin at him, and hunted him incessantly with armed hosts like a partridge upon the mountains. Yet though he was often in the most imminent danger [Note: 1Sa 23:26.], and certainly would have been betrayed by the men of Keilah [Note: 1Sa 23:11-12.], yet God watched over him, and kept him in perfect safety. Many sought to apprehend our Lord; but they could not lay hands on him till his hour was come [Note: Joh 7:30; Joh 8:20. Luk 13:33.]: and even then Pilate could have had no power against him, unless it had been given him from above [Note: Joh 19:11.]. Paul was in perils innumerable, and in deaths oft [Note: 2Co 11:23-27.]: once he was stoned, and even left for dead [Note: Act 14:19-20.]; but none could take away his life, till he had finished the course marked out for him. Thus we also are immortal, till our work is done. We are surrounded with chariots of fire, and horses of fire [Note: 2 Kings6:17.]: yea, God himself is a wall of fire round about us [Note: Zec 2:5.]. And sooner shall successive bands of enemies be struck dead upon the spot by fire from heaven [Note: 2Ki 1:10-12.], than one of the Lords little ones shall perish [Note: Mat 18:14.].]
2.
That none shall hurt us without his permission
[As we depend on God for our happiness as well as for our existence, so are both our being and our well-being secured by him. Satan could not touch the person or the property of Job, till he had obtained leave of God to do so [Note: Job 1:12; Job 2:6.]. Nor can any weapon that is formed against us, prosper [Note: Isa 54:17.], any further than our God shall see good to permit it. His angels encamp round about us [Note: Psa 34:7.], and have an especial charge to keep us in all our ways, that we dash not our foot against a stone [Note: Psa 91:11-12.]. Neither the arrow that flieth by day, nor the pestilence that walketh in darkness, can hurt us. Thousands may fall at our side, and ten thousands at our right hand; but it shall not come nigh us [Note: Psa 91:5-7.].
We are not indeed at liberty to rush needlessly into danger, from an expectation that God will deliver us; (this were to tempt the Lord our God [Note: Mat 4:6-7.];) but in the path of duty we have nothing to fear: we may tread upon the lion, the adder, or the dragon [Note: Psa 91:13. Act 28:3-6.]; we may drink poison itself [Note: Mar 16:18.], or suffer ourselves to be committed to the flames, without experiencing the smallest injury [Note: Dan 3:25-27.]: nothing in the whole universe can harm us, if we be followers of that which is good [Note: 1Pe 3:13.]: if God see fit to keep us, we are as safe in a den of lions as in a house of friends.]
From this subject we may LEARN,
1.
To seek God without delay
[There is no period of life when we can call one day, or one hour, our own. We are altogether in Gods hands; and, if he withdraw his support for one moment, we perish, as certainly as a stone gravitates to the earth. Shall we then, when so entirely dependent on our God, provoke him to cast us out of his hands? Shall we continue to despise his patience and forbearance, till he swear in his wrath that our time shall be no longer [Note: Rev 10:6.]? Think, how many have lost the time afforded them, and how bitterly they now bewail their folly: and beg of God, that he would so teach you to number your days, that you may apply your hearts unto wisdom [Note: Psa 90:12.].]
2.
To serve him without fear
[We are too apt to keep back from serving God through fear of the persecutions we may endure from man. But, if our times be in Gods hands, all our concerns must be there too; and nothing can befall us but by his appointment, Who art thou, then, that thou shouldest be afraid of a man that shall die, and forgettest the Lord thy Maker [Note: Isa 51:12-13.]? Are we not told, that the wrath of man shall praise him; and that the remainder of it he shall restrain [Note: Psa 76:10.]? Be bold then for God; set your face as a flint against the whole world [Note: Isa 49:7-9.], and trust in him for protection. He will not indeed screen you from all trials; because it is on many accounts necessary that you should feel them [Note: 1Pe 1:6.]: but he will suffer none to come upon you which he will not enable you to bear, none which he will not sanctify to your eternal good [Note: 1Co 10:13.].
3.
To trust him without carefulness
[It is foolish as well as impious to distrust God, or to murmur at any of his dispensations. In whose hands could the disposal of all events be placed so much to our advantage, as in his, who possesses infinite wisdom to devise what is best, and infinite power to effect it? Would we be made the sport of chance or fortune? Or would we have our present and everlasting concerns left wholly to our own management? If we are not fit to regulate our temporal affairs till we attain the age of manhood, how much less can we ever be competent to take the reins of Gods government into our own hands, and to order the affairs of his kingdom? But our times will be in Gods hands, whether we acquiesce in it or not. Let us therefore contentedly leave ourselves to his all-wise disposal, assured that he doeth all things well, and will make all things to work together for good to them that love him.]
Fuente: Charles Simeon’s Horae Homileticae (Old and New Testaments)
Psa 31:15 My times [are] in thy hand: deliver me from the hand of mine enemies, and from them that persecute me.
Ver. 15. My times are in thy hand ] Both the time of my abode on earth and all those various occurrences of that time, all is predetermined by thee; particularly how long I shall suffer, and when I shall be delivered. See 1Ch 29:30 Job 7:20 .
Deliver me from the hand of mine enemies
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
times. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6, for what is done in them = all my affairs.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
My times: Psa 116:15, 1Sa 26:10, 2Sa 7:12, Job 24:1, Ecc 3:1-8, Luk 9:51, Joh 7:6, Joh 7:30, Joh 12:27, Joh 13:1, Joh 17:1, Act 1:7, Act 23:11, Act 27:24, 2Ti 4:6, 2Pe 1:14
deliver: Psa 17:8, Psa 17:9, Psa 17:13, Psa 71:10-12, Psa 142:6, Psa 143:3, Psa 143:12, Jer 15:20, Jer 15:21
Reciprocal: Exo 40:37 – General Deu 33:3 – all his saints Psa 7:1 – save Psa 37:18 – the days Dan 2:21 – he changeth Act 17:26 – hath determined
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
31:15 My {l} times [are] in thy hand: deliver me from the hand of mine enemies, and from them that persecute me.
(l) Whatever changes come, you govern them by your providence.