Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Genesis 50:16

And they sent a messenger unto Joseph, saying, Thy father did command before he died, saying,

16. sent a message ] Lit. “charged” (Lat. mandaverunt), the same word as in Gen 49:29, in the sense of “commissioned,” persons to go to Joseph. LXX and Syr. Pesh. follow a different reading, “they drew near unto.” Perhaps the original text contained the delegation of two or three brothers to go unto Joseph.

Thy father did command ] An unrecorded dying charge.

Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

Verse 16. Thy father did command] Whether he did or not we cannot tell. Some think they had feigned this story, but that is not so likely. Jacob might have had suspicions too, and might have thought that the best way to prevent evil was to humble themselves before their brother, and get a fresh assurance of his forgiveness.

Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible

This looks like a lie; for Jacob either did not know this fact, or rather, was so well assured of Josephs clemency and goodness, that he never feared his revenge. But guilt doth so awaken fear, that it makes a man never to think himself secure.

Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole

And they sent a messenger unto Joseph,…. Not Bilhah, as the Targums of Jonathan and Jerusalem, nor her sons, Dan and Naphtali, as Jarchi, grounding it on Ge 37:1 though it is not improbable that some from among themselves were deputed, who were most interested in Joseph; since it is not very likely they would commit such an affair to a stranger or to a servant; and the most proper persons to be sent on such an errand seem to be Judah and Benjamin, the latter as having had no concern in the affair of selling him, and was his own brother by father and mother’s side, and very dear to him; and the former, because he saved his life, when the rest, excepting Reuben, were for shedding his blood, and had endeared himself also to Joseph, by his tender concern both for his father and his brother Benjamin; however, they thought fit first to sound Joseph by a messenger, how he stood affected to them, before they appeared in a body in person, to whom they gave a charge, as the words may be rendered, “they commanded unto Joseph” t; that is, they commanded those that were deputed by them to him:

saying, thy father did command before he died; some think, this was no better than a lie, which their fear prompted them to; and that they framed the following story, the more to work upon the mind of Joseph, and dispose it in their favour; seeing it is a question whether Jacob ever knew anything of the affair of their ill usage to Joseph; since otherwise it would have been, in all likelihood, taken notice of in his last dying words, as well as the affair of Reuben, and that of Simeon and Levi; and besides, had he been apprised of it, he knew such was the clemency and generosity of Joseph, that he had nothing to fear from him, nor could he entertain any suspicion of a malevolent disposition in him towards his brethren, or that he would ever use them ill for former offences:

saying, as follows:

t – “et mandaverunt ad Joseph”, Montanus; “nuntio misso”, Pagninus; “aliquos ad Josephum”, Junius & Tremellius, Piscator.

Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible

16. And they sent a messenger. Because they are ashamed themselves to speak, they engage messengers of peace, in whom Joseph might have greater confidence. But here also we perceive that they who have an accusing conscience are destitute of counsel and of reason. For if Jacob had been solicitous on this point, why did he not effect reconciliation between the son who was so obedient unto himself, and his brethren? Besides, for what reason should they attempt to do that through mediators, which they could do so much better in their own persons? The Lord, therefore, suffers them to act like children; that we, being instructed by their example, may look for no advantage from the use of frivolous inventions. But it may be asked, where the sons of Jacob found men to whom they could venture to commit such a message; for it was no light thing to make known their execrable crime to strangers? And it would have been folly to subject themselves to this infamy among the Egyptians. The most probable conjecture is, that some domestic witnesses were chosen from the number of their own servants; for though Moses makes no mention of such, when he relates that Jacob departed into Egypt; yet that some were brought with him, may easily be gathered from certain considerations.

Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary

(16, 17) Thy father did command . . . Many Jewish expositors consider that this was untrue, and that Jacob was never made aware of the fact that his brethren had sold Joseph into slavery. It is, however, probable, from Gen. 49:6, that Jacob not only knew of it, but saw in Simeon and Levi the chief offenders. But besides the fathers authority the message brings a twofold influence to bear upon Joseph: for first it reminds him that they were his brethren, and next, that they shared the same religious faithno slight band of union in a country where the religion was so unlike their own.

Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)

16. They sent a messenger Literally, they commanded, or gave a charge to Joseph . “They charged Joseph, in their father’s name, probably by an embassy sent from Goshen to Memphis, the seat of government, although the text says nothing about messengers . Perhaps Benjamin first pleaded for them, and then they all came into his presence . Gen 50:18. Whether Jacob actually left this message for Joseph is doubtful . If he really had such fears, he would have been likely to entreat Joseph personally, as he freely charged him concerning other things which pertained to the family welfare. It was, of course, Jacob’s wish that there should be perfect and perpetual reconciliation among his children, which often may have been expressed; but the precise form of this petition to Joseph was probably suggested by the guilty fears of the brethren, who could not fully understand the generosity and magnanimity of Joseph. They knew that Joseph would sacredly heed his father’s charge and so offered their petition in his name.” Newhall.

Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments