Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Jeremiah 6:2
I have likened the daughter of Zion to a comely and delicate [woman].
2. The comely cut off ] So the MT., but it is open to suspicion, and the Versions differ much from it. With some emendation the sense may be that Zion is compared to a pasturage, upon which shepherds bring their flocks to feed, the latter denoting the enemy carrying with them devastation.
The comely and delicate one ] better, the pasturage, yea, the luxuriant one.
The whole verse is difficult, but should probably be translated; to a pasturage, yea a luxuriant pasturage, have I likened (or, have reduced to silence, i. e., destroyed) the daughter of Zion. Woman: this supplement is not in the text; they that approve it render the epithet comely variously, for one dwelling at home, as the Hebrew nays doth also signify, Hab 2:5; and so the word delicate serves to explain it, as showing the reason of her tarrying at home; not as a good housewife, discreetly guiding and governing her affairs at home, as she is described, Pro 31:10, &c.; Tit 2:5; but through her delicacy exposing herself to all wantonness and voluptuousness, tarrying at home to give entertainment to her paramours: or she, through her state and pride, is so delicate and nice that she will not set her foot out of door, Deu 28:56; possibly occasioned by the great wealth and riches that God had blessed Jerusalem with. This may also point at Judahs effeminacy, that will be so dispirited as not to have courage to oppose the adversary, but easily taken in her dwelling and habitation. Others, as a beautiful shepherdess. Some there are that rather choose to supply the defect by the word land or pasture, as being that which is greatly desirable by shepherds, as if she were some comely shepherdess, solacing herself in her delightful pastures: see Eze 34:14; and so it may not be without some allusion to the next verse, where her enemies are. called by the names of shepherds, as being enticed by the pleasantness of her land. 2. likenedrather, “I laywaste.” Literally, “O comely and delicate one, I lay wastethe daughter of Zion,” that is, “thee.” So Zec3:9, “before Joshua,” that is, “beforethee” [MAURER]. I have likened the daughter of Zion to a comely and delicate woman. That dwells at home and lives in pleasure, and deliciously, in great peace and quietness, in entire ease and security, in no fear of enemies, or apprehension of danger; and so it describes the secure state of the Jews. Kimchi and Ben Melech supply the word “woman” as we do; but others supply “land” or “pasture”; and think that the Jewish nation is compared to pleasant and delightful lands and pastures, which are inviting to shepherds to come and pitch their tents about them; as follows. The words are by some rendered, “O beautiful and delicate one, I have cut off, or destroyed the daughter of Zion” o; in which sense the word is used in Isa 6:5 and to this purpose is the Targum,
“O beautiful and delicate one, how hast thou corrupted thy ways? therefore the congregation of Zion is confounded;”
but the former senses seem to be best; in which the word used is understood as having the signification of likening or comparing; for which see So 1:9.
o So Jarchi and Joseph Kimchi. Vid. Gataker in loc.
As the place, where the Prophet was born, was pastoral, he retained many expressions derived from his education; for God did not divest his servants of every natural endowment when he appointed them to teach his people. Hence the Prophet here speaks according to notions imbibed in his early age and childhood. The daughter of Sion, he says, is like a quiet maid, that is, one dwelling at leisure and enjoying herself; and yet she would be exposed to many indignities, for come shall shepherds, and around fix their tents; and the whole country would be subjected to plunder. But it is doubtful whether the Prophet says, that the daughter of Sion might be compared to a maid, tender and delicate, dwelling at ease and cheerful, or whether he means, that rest had been for a time granted to the people. There seems, indeed, to be no great difference, though there is some, between the two explanations.
If we take the verb, דמיתי, damiti, in the sense of comparing, as interpreters do, then it is the same as though the Prophet had said, “I seem to see in the state of Jerusalem the image of a tender and delicate maid.” Thus Jeremiah speaks in his own name. But the sentence may be more fitly applied to God, — that he had made the daughter of Sion quiet for a time, and had given her peace with her enemies, so that she lived at ease and cheerfully.
Though these two views differ, yet the subject itself is nearly the same. The Prophet, no doubt, condemns here the Jews for their extreme torpidity, inasmuch as they had wholly misapplied the quietness granted them by God. He then proves that they were very thoughtless and stupid in thinking that their tranquillity would be perpetual, for it was God’s favor, and only for a time. Hence he says, that the Jews were until that very day like a tender maid. For though the country of the ten tribes had been laid waste, and all had been driven away into exile, yet the kingdom of Judah continued safe. They had, indeed, been plundered by enemies, but in comparison with their brethren they had been very kindly treated. This, then, is the reason, why he says that they were like a maid delicate and tender. (163)
(163) Calvin, with our version, has followed the Vulgate and the Syriac in this verse. Both the Septuagint and the Targum are widely different. The former have, “And taken away shall be thy height, daughter of Sion;” the latter, “Fair and delicate, how hast thou corrupted thy ways? Therefore confounded is the assembly of Sion.” The Arabic is the same with the Septuagint, only it has “pride” instead of “height” ( τοὕψος) Some have viewed the two first words as substantives, and have rendered the verse thus, —
To a pasture and a delightful habitation Have I likened the daughter of Sion.
Disposed to this view were Gataker and Lowth. But what Blayney has said is true, that whenever the verb here used has the sense of likeness, it is followed by a preposition. Besides, the two first words are not substantives but adjectives, as the form, especially of the last, clearly shews. The verb דמיתי has in various passages the sense of thinking, counting, esteeming, regarding; as the result of comparing things together. See Jud 20:5; Est 4:13; Psa 48:9. There is a passage in Eze 32:2, which is like the present, only the verb there is in Niphal; its literal rendering I consider to be the following: “The young lion of the nations art thou deemed,“ or, thought to be. The literal rendering of this verse is as follows, —
Home-resident and delicate, Have I deemed the daughter of Sion.
She was so regarded by God. Not like other nations, migratory, she had a home allotted to her by God himself; and she was nursed and sustained with all tenderness, like a delicate person. But owing to her sins, foreigners, as stated in the next verse, would come and take possession of her house, and deprive her of her enjoyments. — Ed.
(2) To a comely and delicate woman.Woman is not in the Hebrew, and the word translated comely is elsewhere (Isa. 65:10; Jer. 23:3; Exo. 15:13) rendered fold or habitation; and the passage should probably stand thus, I have likened the daughter of Zion to a fair pasturage, thus suggesting the imagery which is developed in the next verse. The clause is, however, rendered by some scholars as the fair and delicate one (or, the fair pasturage), the daughter of Zion, I have destroyed. 2. I have likened Rather, I have laid waste. The city is personified as a beautiful and delicately-reared woman to whom desolation has come. But Nagelsbach, followed by Dean Smith, prefers the sense of the Authorized Version, and translates the whole verse: “To a pasturage, yea, a luxuriant pasturage, have I likened the daughter of Zion.”
Jer 6:2. I have likened the daughter of Zion There seems to be nothing in the simile in this verse, that can at all suit with the continuation of it in the third; and therefore I cannot but approve the interpretation which Houbigant and several others give; I have likened the daughter of Sion to pleasant pasture, wither the shepherds with the flocks come to feed, that is to say, “the Chaldeans with their army, who were to feed upon and devour Jerusalem.” Houbigant reads the latter part of the next verse, They have pitched their tents near it, and they feed round it, every one in his place.
I venture to think, that if we read these verses with an eye to the Church in Jesus, they will be found very interesting. Who is the speaker here, that likens Zion to a comely and delicate woman? May it not be Jesus? And doth not Jesus frequently do so? See Son 2:2Son 2:2 ; Eze 16:14 . The afflictions and exercises, which are threatened, are all suited to the Church. Hos 2 throughout.
Jer 6:2 I have likened the daughter of Zion to a comely and delicate [woman].
Ver. 2. I have likened the daughter of Zion to a comely and delicate woman. ] Certatim amatae bucolicae puellae; some fair shepherdess, to whom the kings with their armies make love (but for no love), that they may destroy and spoil her.
daughter. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), for the helpless inhabitants.
woman. Reference to Pentateuch (Deu 28:56). App-92.
daughter: Jer 4:31, Isa 1:8, Isa 3:16, Isa 3:17, Lam 2:1, Lam 2:13
comely and delicate woman: or, a woman dwelling at home
Reciprocal: Isa 32:9 – ye women Jer 4:17 – keepers Lam 4:5 – that did 1Ti 5:6 – in pleasure
Jer 6:2. Daughter of Zion is a figurative reference to Jerusalem and the expression occurs some 18 times in the books of Isaiah and Jeremiah. In the present passage the city is further compared to one who is beautiful and likely to attract strangers.
Jer 6:2-3. I have likened, &c. There being nothing for woman in the Hebrew text, and the word , here rendered comely, frequently signifying a pasture, a sheep-fold, and a habitation, the verse is translated different ways by learned men. Houbigant and several others read it and the next verse thus: I have likened the daughter of Sion to a pleasant pasture, whither the shepherds, with their flocks, come to feed: they have pitched their tents near it, and they feed round it, every one in his place.
According to this reading, in which Sion is likened to a rich pasture, the shepherds and their flocks that come together to take possession of it, and eat it up, mean the Chaldean generals and their armies, who should possess themselves of Judea and Jerusalem, with as much ease as shepherds lead their flocks into a fresh and open pasture, and should enrich themselves with the spoil thereof. This is certainly a very easy and probable sense of the passage. Blaney, however, prefers rendering the word habitation; and, taking the verb to signify here, not, I have likened, but, I have destroyed, (a sense which it sometimes bears,) he reads the passage, The habitation, even the delightful one, have I doomed to destruction, the daughter of Sion. The shepherds, with their flocks, shall come to her. And they shall pitch their tents against her round about. Jerusalem, he observes, is in like manner called simply , the habitation, Isa 27:10. And it seems entitled to the name by way of eminence, as the chief residence both of Israel and the God of Israel. Accordingly, speaking of the very desolation here intended, the psalmist says, They have devoured Jacob, and laid waste his dwelling-place, , Psa 79:7. It is also called Gods habitation, Exo 15:13; 2Sa 15:25, &c. And, with respect to the epithet annexed, the delightful one, Jerusalem is frequently spoken of in terms that show it to have been, in a very eminent degree, the object of delight both with God and man.
6:2 I have likened the daughter of Zion to {d} a comely and delicate [woman].
(d) I have intreated her gently, and given her abundance of all things.
The Lord would cut off Jerusalem, which He compared to an attractive and dainty young lady. Even though Jerusalem was attractive to the Lord, He would still bring destruction on her.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
Fuente: Hawker’s Poor Man’s Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Fuente: Geneva Bible Notes
Fuente: Expository Notes of Dr. Constable (Old and New Testaments)