Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Daniel 11:44
But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble him: therefore he shall go forth with great fury to destroy, and utterly to make away many.
44. But tidings ] or rumours, as the same word is rendered in 2Ki 19:7 (= Isa 37:7), of the tidings which caused Sennacherib to withdraw. So Jer 51:46; Eze 7:26. Lit. something heard. Here, probably, rumours of insurrections, or wars, in the E. and N. of his dominions.
trouble ] alarm. See on Dan 4:5.
and he shall go forth ] viz. out of Egypt.
to destroy and utterly to make away many ] lit. ‘and to ban (or devote) many.’ The word, which means properly to set apart, seclude, is used primarily of the ban laid upon persons or objects hostile to Israel’s religion (Exo 22:20; Deu 2:34; Deu 7:2; Deu 7:25-26; Jos 6:17-19, &c.) [391] : as this involved generally their destruction, it is often rendered in A.V. utterly destroy (so also in R.V., when applied to persons), though, of course, this rendering expresses only a secondary idea. In the present late passage, however, as in 2Ch 20:23, it is simply a synonym for destroy.
[391] See further the writer’s Commentary on 1Sa 15:33, or Deu 7:2.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble him – Shall disturb him, or alarm him. That is, he will hear something from those quarters that will disarrange all his other plans, or that will summon him forth in his last and final expedition – on that expedition in which he will come to his end Dan 11:45, or which will be the end of this series of historical events. The reference here is to the winding up of this series of transactions, and, according to the view taken on Dan 11:40 (see the note at that place), it is not necessary to suppose that this would happen immediately after what is stated in Dan 11:43, but it is rather to be regarded as a statement of what would occur in the end, or of the manner in which the person here referred to would finally come to an end, or in which these events would be closed. As a matter of fact, Antiochus, as will be seen in the notes at Dan 11:45, was called forth in a warlike expedition by tidings or reports from Parthia and Armenia – regions lying to the east and the north, and it was in this expedition that he lost his life, and that this series of historical events was closed. Lengerke says, Antiochus assembled an army to take vengeance on the Jews, who, after the close of the unfortunate campaign in Egypt, rose up, under the Maccabees, against Antiochus, 1 Macc. 3:10, following Then the intelligence that the Parthians in the east, and the Armenians in the north, had armed themselves for war against him, alarmed him. So Tacitus (Hist. v. 8) says (Antiochus Judaeis), Demere superstitionem et mores Groecorum dare adnixus, quominus teterrimain gentem in melius mutaret, Parthorum bello prohibitus est, nam ea tempestate Arsaces defecerat. In the year 147 b.c., Antiochus went on the expedition to Persia and Armenia, on the return from which he died. The occasions for this were these:
(a) Artaxias, the king of Armenia, who was his vassal, had revolted from him, and
(b) he sought to replenish his exhausted treasury, that he might wage the war with Judas Maccabeus.
See 1 Macc. 3:27-37; Jos. Ant. b. xii. ch. vii. Section 2; Appian, Syriac. xlvi. 80; Porphyry, in Jerome, in loc.
Therefore he shall go forth with great fury to destroy … – Great fury at the revolt of Artaxias, and especially at this juncture when he was waging war with the Jews; and great fury at the Jews, with a determination to obtain the means utterly to destroy them. 1 Macc. 3:27: Now when king Antiochus heard these things (the successes of Judas Maceabeus), he was full of indignation. In every way his wrath was kindled. He was enraged against the Jews on account of their success; he was enraged against Artaxias for revolting from him; he was enraged because his treasury was exhausted, and he had not the means of prosecuting the war. In this mood of mind he crossed the Euphrates (1 Macc. 3:37) to prosecute the war in the East, and, as it is said here, utterly to make away many. Everything conspired to kindle his fury, and in this state of mind, he went forth on his last expedition to the East. Nothing, in fact, could better describe the state of mind of Antiochus than the language used here by the angel to Daniel.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Verse 44. But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble him] This part of the prophecy is allowed to be yet unfulfilled; and what is portented, the course of prophetic events will show. Were we to understand it as applying to Antiochus, then the news might be of the preparations which he heard, that the provinces of the east, and Artaxerxes, king of Armenia, on the north were intending to rise up against him. But if the Turkish power be understood, as in the preceding verses, it may mean that the Persians on the east, and the Russians on the north, will at some time greatly embarrass the Ottoman government. And how completely has this been fulfilled; first, by the total destruction of the Egyptian fleet, by the combined fleets of England, France, and Russia, in the Bay of Navarino; and, secondly, by the total overthrow of the Turkish army by the Russians, in the years 1828 and 1829, when the sultan was obliged to accept any conditions that the emperor of Russia was pleased to give! [N.B. – The former part of this note was written for the first edition of this work, printed in 1825.]
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
The Christian princes of the north, and the dispersed Israelites, and the Jews carried captive into the north, Jer 16:14,15, called also kings of the east, shall come and trouble him, and all his power shall not be able to withstand. See Rev 16:12.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
44. tidings out of the east and outof the northArtaxias, king of Armenia, his vassal, hadrevolted in the north, and Arsaces, leader of the Parthians, in theeast (1 Maccabees 3:10, c., 1 Maccabees 3:37 TACITUS,Histories, 5.8). In 147 B.C.Antiochus went on the expedition against them, on the return fromwhich he died.
great furyat the Jews,on account of their successes under Judas Maccabeus, whence hedesired to replenish his treasury with means to prosecute the warwith them; also at Artaxias and Arsaces, and their respectivefollowers. DE BURGHmakes the “tidings” which rouse his fury, to be concerningthe Jews’ restoration; such may be the antitypical reference.
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble him,…. This and the following verse respect times and things yet to come, and the interpretation of them is not so certain: perhaps this clause may have a regard to the news brought to the Turk, of the Jews, upon their conversion, being about to return to their own land, from the eastern and northern parts of the world, where they chiefly are at this day; which will greatly alarm him, since their land is part of his dominions: or it may be, out of the east may come tidings of some commotions and disturbances in the eastern part of the world, as Tartary, c. which he may fear would be of bad consequence to the Ottoman empire and news out of the north, of the northern Christian princes preparing to assist the Jews in the repossession of their country; all which may give him great uneasiness.
Therefore he shall go forth with great fury to destroy, and utterly to make away many; hearing the Jews are preparing to return to their own country, or that they have got possession of it, he will be provoked to the last degree, and raise a prodigious army, and march out of his own land with them to Judea;
and will come like a storm, with the utmost rage and fury, and like a cloud for number, and threaten utter ruin and destruction to the nation of the Jews; this will be his end in view in coming out, but he will not be able to accomplish it; of all which see Eze 38:2, where the Turk, and this expedition of his, are prophesied of, and where he goes by the name of Gog.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
The End of the Hostile King
As has been already seen, the expressions in Dan 11:40-43 regarding this king do not agree with Antiochus Epiphanes, so also the statements regarding his end are in contradiction to the historical facts regarding the end of the Syrian king. When the hostile king took possession of Egypt and its treasures, and made the Lybians and Cushites subject to him, tidings from the east and the north overwhelm him with terror. The masc. stands ad sensum related to the persons who occasion the reports. The reports excited his anger, so that he goes forth to destroy many. We have to think thus on the reports of revolt and insurrections in the east and the north of his kingdom, which came to his ears in Egypt. On this ground Hitzig, with other interpreters, refuses to refer the statement in Dan 11:44 to the expedition of Antiochus against the Parthians and Armenians (Tacit. hist. Dan 11:8, and App. Syr. c. 45, 46; 1 Macc. 3:37), because Antiochus did not undertake this expedition from Egypt; and rather, in regard to the east, thinks on the tidings from Jerusalem of the rebellion of Judea (2 Macc. 5:11ff.; 1 Macc. 1:24), and in regard to the north, on the very problematical expedition against the Aradiaei, without observing, however, that no Scripture writer designates Jerusalem as lying in the east of Egypt, But besides, Antiochus, since he has occupied for some years beyond the Euphrates, and there met with his death, could not shortly before his end lead an expedition out of Egypt against Aradus. What Porphyry says
(Note: The words are: Pugnans contra Aegyptios et Lybias, Aethiopiasque pertransiens, audiet sibi ab aquilone et oriente praelia concitari, unde et regrediens capit Aradios resistentes et omnem in littore Phoenicis vastavit provinciam; confestimque pergit ad Artaxiam regem Armeniae, qui de orientis partibus movebatur .)
(in Jerome under Dan 11:44) regarding an expedition of Antiochus undertaken from Egypt and Lybia against the Aradiaei and the Armenian king Artaxias, he has gathered only from this verse and from notices regarding the wars of Antiochus against the Aradiaei and king Artaxias (after whose imprisonment, according to App. Syr. c. 46, he died), without having any historical evidence for it. But even though the statement of Porphyry were better established, yet it would not agree with Dan 11:45; for when the king goes forth, in consequence of the report brought to him, to destroy many, he plants, according to Dan 11:45, his palace-tent near to the holy mount, and here comes to his end; thus meeting with his destruction in the Holy Land not far from Jerusalem, while Antiochus, according to Polybius and Porphyry, died in the Persian city of Tabae on his return from Persia to Babylon.
Dan 11:45 of planting a tent, only here instead of the usual word , to spread out, to set up, probably with reference to the great palace-like tent of the oriental ruler, whose poles must be struck very deep into the earth. Cf. The description of the tent of Alexander the Great, which was erected after the oriental type, in Polyaen. Strateg. iv. 3. 24, and of the tent of Nadir-Schah in Rosenmller, A. u. N. Morgl. iv. p. 364f. These tents were surrounded by a multitude of smaller tents for the guards and servants, a circumstance which explains the use of the plur. is incorrectly taken by Theodotion, Porphyry, Jerome, and others for a nomen propr., meaning in Syria, palace or tower. = , Gen 1:6; Joe 2:17, of a space between two other places or objects. – – , the holy hill of the delight, i.e., of Palestine (cf. Dan 8:9), is without doubt the mountain on which stood the temple of Jerusalem, as v. Leng., Maur., Hitzig, and Ewald acknowledge. The interpretation of the mountain of the temple of Anatis in Elymas (Dereser, Hvernick) needs no refutation. According to this, cannot designate the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea, as Kliefoth supposes, but it is only the poetic plur. of fulness, as a sign of the great Mediterranean Sea. Since now this scene where the great enemy of the people of God comes to his end, i.e., perishes, in no respect agrees with the place where Antiochus died, then according to Hitzig the pseudo-Daniel does not here accurately distinguish the separate expeditions from one another, and must have omitted between the first and the second half of the verse the interval between the return of Antiochus from Egypt and his death, because Antiochus never again trod the soil of Palestine. Such expedients condemn themselves. With “ he shall come to his end,” cf. Dan 8:25, where the end of this enemy of God is described as a being “broken without the hand of man.” Here the expression “and none shall help him” is added to designate the hopelessness of his overthrow.
The placing of the overthrow of this enemy with his host near the temple-mountain agrees with the other prophecies of the O.T., which place the decisive destruction of the hostile world-power by the appearance of the Lord for the consummation of His kingdom upon the mountains of Israel (Eze 39:4), or in the valley of Jehoshaphat at Jerusalem, or at Jerusalem (Joe 3:2, Joe 3:12.; Zec 14:2), and confirms the result of our exposition, that the hostile king, the last enemy of the world-power, is the Antichrist. With this also the conclusion, Dan 12:1-3, is in harmony.
Fuente: Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
The angel’s narrative seems here to differ somewhat from the preceding one, as the Romans should not succeed so completely as to avoid being arrested in the midst of their victorious course. He says, they shall be frightened by rumors, and the events suit this case, for although the Romans subdued the whole east with scarcely any trouble, and in a few years, yet they were afterwards checked by adversity. For Crassus perished miserably after spoiling the temple, and destroyed himself and the flower of the Roman army; he was conquered at Carrse, near Babylon, in an important engagement, through betrayal by a spy in when he had placed too much confidence. Antony, again, after dividing the world into three parts between himself, and Octavius, and Lepidus, suffered miserably in the same neighborhood against the Parthians. We are not surprised at the angel’s saying, The Romans should be frightened from the east and the north, as this really came to pass. Then he adds, they should come in great wrath; meaning, although they should lose many troops, yet this severe massacre should not depress their spirits. When their circumstances were desperate, they were excited to fury like savage beasts of prey, until they rushed upon their own destruction. This came to pass more especially under the reign of Augustus; for a short period he contended successfully with the Parthians, and compelled them to surrender. He then imposed upon them conditions of peace; and as the Roman eagles had been carried into Persia, much to their disgrace, he compelled this people to return them. By this compulsion he blotted out the disgrace which they had suffered under Antony. We see, then, how exceedingly well this suits the context, — the Romans shall come with great wrath to destroy many; as the Parthians expected to enjoy tranquillity for many ages, and to be perfectly free from any future attempt or attack from the Romans. It now follows, —
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
(44) He shall go forth.The end of the northern king. While in Egypt he has bad news brought to him from the north and from the east, which stirs up feelings of revenge. Once again he halts in Palestine, where he comes to an end. That this cannot apply to Antiochus is evident from the following facts(1) Antiochus was in Persia when the news of the defeat of Lysias reached him; (2) Juda and Jerusalem cannot in any sense be regarded as either east or north of Persia; (3) Antiochus died in Persia, and not near Jerusalem.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
44. After all his victories and brutal persecutions the “end” which God had from the first decreed is now upon him. The tidings reach him that the Parthians and Armenians are in revolt, and furiously does he rush to punish the offenders. (So 1 Maccabees 6; 2 Maccabees 9.) After all the breaks in time and place to which we have been accustomed in this chapter Bevan and Prince should not insist that because Antiochus in Dan 11:43 was in Egypt the points of the compass should therefore be reckoned from Egypt in this verse. If, however, east and north be reckoned from the south land, the reference would very naturally be to the tidings from the Roman senate sent to him by Caius Popilius Laenas or Tiberius Gracchus which did send him in great fury to destroy, and utterly to make away many. (Compare notes Dan 11:29-30.) If, however, the standpoint is considered as Palestine then the reference is to the revolt of the Parthians and Armenians, the tidings of which are said to have reached him in the last year of his life. (See above.) Several writers tell in what “fury” he went forth to punish those insurrectionists.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
‘But tidings out of the east and out of the north will trouble him, and he will go forth with great fury to destroy and utterly to make away many, and he will plant the tents of his palace (his palatial tents) between the sea and the mountain of the delight of holiness. Yet he will come to his end and none will help him.’
His god is the god of fortresses, and he wars to the end. But Satan’s kingdom is divided. The world fight each other as well as the people of God. Yet in the end he cannot get away from his conflict with the people of God. He plants his palatial tents between the sea(s) and the glorious holy mountain.
‘The seas.’ This is plural. It may be a plural of intensity and thus be depicting the Great Sea, the Mediterranean. Or it may signify between the Great Sea and the Dead Sea.
This site is ever the site where the last great events on earth are depicted (Joe 3:2; Joe 3:12; Isa 2:2; Zec 14:2). Is the mountain of the delight of holiness the new heavenly Jerusalem? Or is it the high mountain on which Ezekiel saw in vision the heavenly temple, that site which he saw as especially holy and surrounded by an especially holy portion of land? Or is it both, representing in the end the heavenly temple and the new Jerusalem? (Ezekiel’s temple is specifically stated not to be in Jerusalem, but many miles away from it. The pictures cannot be the same literally. But are they meant to be literal? Certainly Ezekiel’s is a visionary temple with no suggestion that it should be built).
And there he meets his final end with none to help him, for they are in no position to do so (Rev 19:11-21).
(It should be noted that there is in all this no limitation in period. The seventieth seven is really dealing with the future, after the death of the Messiah, for the people of God. The desolations mentioned in it are part of the desolations that the world continually faces. But we have no right to ‘fit everything in’ to our picture. To do so is to restrict God. This prophecy must stand on its own).
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett
Dan 11:44-45. But tidingsshall trouble him These two verses, probably, remain yet to be fulfilled. Instead of palace, Dan 11:45 we may read camp; and for glorious holy mountainthe mountain of delight of holiness. The Hebrew word apadno, translated, his palace, or camp, occurs in Jonathan’s Targum; on Jer 43:10 and there signifies pavilion; to which same purpose it might be here rendered, He shall plant the tabernacles of his camp, between the seas, in the glorious holy mountain. In the application of this prophesy to the Ottoman empire, as these events are yet future, we cannot pretend to point them out with any certainty. The tidings from the east and north, may be those of the return of Judah and Israel from those quarters; for Judah was carried captive at first: into the east, and Israel by the Assyrians into the north. Concerning the reduction of the north, see Jer 16:14-15; Jer 23:8; Jer 31:8. Or, if the tidings from the north may be some other thing, yet those from the east may be applied to the Jews’ return, from Rev 16:12 where the waters of the great river Euphrates are dried up, to prepare the way of the kings of the east. If this application be not admitted, yet it is universally known, that the Persians are seated to the east of the Ottoman dominions, and the Russians to the north. Persia has, indeed, of late been miserably torn by intestine divisions; but if it should unite again under one sovereign, it may become a dangerous rival to the Ottoman empire. The power of Russia is growing daily; and it is a current tradition among the common people in Turkey, that their empire shall be destroyed by the Russians. However this may be, the Porte is at all times jealous of the junction of the two powers of Persia and Russia, and exerts all its policy to prevent it. Whatever may be the motive and occasion, the Turk shall go forth with great fury to destroy, and utterly to make away many. Between the seas, in the glorious holy mountain, must denote some part of the Holy Land. There the Turk shall encamp, with all his power; yet he shall come to his end, and none shall help him; none shall help him effectually, or deliver him. See Bishop Newton.
REFLECTIONS.1st, The first verse properly belongs to the foregoing chapter, and declares how instrumental Gabriel had been already in farthering the restoration of the Jewish people: he stood to confirm and to strengthen Darius as soon as he had ascended the throne, in conjunction with Cyrus, in his purpose of releasing the captive Jews, when, probably, many opposed it. God’s people often have friends that they little think of; and more and mightier are with them than can be against them.
2nd, The angel, as he had promised, here leads the prophet into futurity.
1. He begins with the Persian monarchy, which had just arisen: three others should succeed Darius, then on the throne; see the annotations: and a fourth, richer than all the rest, should arise, Xerxes, who by his strength and riches should stir up all his own provinces and confederates, to raise an army the most numerous that probably was ever assembled, in order to invade the Grecian territories. Of which expedition, and of his shameful defeat, heathen historians are full.
2. He passes on to the Grecian monarchy: to avenge this attack, a mighty king should arise, even Alexander; who, having subdued the Persian empire, should set up his own despotic throne, and govern with absolute sway: but his kingdom should be quickly broken and divided, not among his posterity, but among others, his four great generals; who neither ruled such extensive dominions, nor with so absolute a sway, as Alexander had alone. So poor and transitory are human possessions: he that layeth up riches, cannot tell who shall gather them!
3rdly, The angel proceeds with the account of those events in two of these divided kingdoms, with which the people of the Jews were more nearly concerned. But see the annotations. Note; The kingdoms of this world are transitory indeed; blessed be God for that which never fadeth away, where no wars disturb, nor enemies enter; but an eternal rest remaineth for the faithful.
4thly, We have a long prophesy concerning Antiochus Epiphanes, the inveterate persecutor of the Jewish people.
He is described as a vile person. He had been a hostage at Rome, and by his immoralities, debaucheries, and extravagancies, had rendered himself despicable, and gained the title of Epimanes, the Madman, though on his coming to the crown he assumed that of Epiphanes, the Illustrious. But God in his due time brought to a shameful end this great enemy of him and his people. See the annotations.
From the whole we may most justly infer, that God will interpose for his people in the time of need; and, however their enemies may seem for a while to prevail, they shall be rooted out at last.
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
Dan 11:44 But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble him: therefore he shall go forth with great fury to destroy, and utterly to make away many.
Ver. 44. But tidings out of the east, &c. ] It is seldom seen that God alloweth to the greatest darlings of the world a perfect contentment; but something or other they must have to trouble them still.
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
make away many = devote many [to extermination]. Rev 13:7.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Dan 11:44
Dan 11:44 But tidingsH8052 out of the eastH4480 H4217 and out of the northH4480 H6828 shall troubleH926 him: therefore he shall go forthH3318 with greatH1419 furyH2534 to destroy,H8045 and utterly to make awayH2763 many.H7227
Dan 11:44
But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble him: therefore he shall go forth with great fury to destroy, and utterly to make away many.
Rome had enemies to the east and the north that they were never able to fully subjugate. As powerful as the Roman Empire became, it never completely conquered the Parthians from the east nor the Germanic tribes of the Goths from the north. In fact is was a combination of these two arch enemies of the Roman Empire that eventually brought the empire down. However it is not the end of the Roman Empire that is in view here. Here, the Roman Empire was able to cause great desolation with the kingdoms of the north and the east. This is a vision of Roman success against them at this time and history bears out that Rome did indeed wreak havoc among them which undoubtedly served to fuel the hatred that existed between them for centuries yet to come.
Fuente: Old and New Testaments Restoration Commentary
east: Dan 11:11, Dan 11:30, Eze 38:9-12, Rev 16:12, Rev 17:13, Rev 19:19-21
Reciprocal: 2Ki 9:20 – for he driveth Rev 11:18 – shouldest
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Dan 11:44-45. The historical quotation that belongs with this paragraph is quoted at Dan 8:24-25. Briefly summing up, Epiphanes was madly pursuing liis attacks in the south when he learned of the disturbances going on in another part of his dominions. In his fury he started thither, determined to wreak severe vengeance upon the Jews whom he blamed for most of the disturbances. But he was not suffered to carry out his wicked designs. In the midst of his mad performances he was smitten by the Lord and finally died in a most shameful and loathsome manner. In this way he fulfilled the prediction, yet he shall come to his end, and none shall help him.
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
Dan 11:44-45. But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall trouble him Historians relate, that the Parthians on the east, and the Armenians on the north, declared war against Antiochus about the same time; so that this may very reasonably be supposed to relate to this fact. And he shall plant the tabernacles of his palace The word translated palace here, is a Syriac word, and therefore is very properly used when speaking of the Syrian king. The expression signifies, as we would speak now, his royal tent, or pavilion. By planting it between the seas, in the glorious holy mountain, is meant, his fixing it in Judea, called a mountain elsewhere, as well as here, because it is a mountainous country. The epithet glorious is the very same as Daniel generally uses in speaking of Judea as a peculiar mark of distinction. The epithet holy is also frequently applied to Judea, because the whole of it was dedicated to the true God, and was chosen by him for the residence of a nation which he intended to be a holy people. Judea is likewise situated between two seas, namely, the Mediterranean, and the sea of Sodom, or the Dead sea; which are its boundaries on each side. So the meaning of this sentence is, that Antiochus should place his royal pavilion in Judea, leaving there some of his principal generals, or officers, who should, by his command, keep up the pomp of majesty as if he himself were present. Yet he shall come to his end, and none shall help him God shall cut him off in the midst of his days, and none shall be able to prevent his fall. This is the same with what is foretold Dan 8:25, He shall be broken without hand; where see the note. Observe, reader, when Gods time is come to bring proud oppressors to their end, none shall be able, nor perhaps, inclined to help them, for those who, when they are in their grandeur, covet to be feared by all, will find, when they come to be in distress, that they are loved by none: none will lend them so much as a hand, or a prayer to help them: for if the Lord do not help, who shall? Of the kings that came after Antiochus nothing is here prophesied, for he was the most malicious, mischievous enemy to the church, and a type of the son of perdition, whom the Lord will consume with the breath of his mouth, and destroy with the brightness of his coming, and none shall help him. As a confirmation of the explanation of this prophecy given above, it may be proper to observe here, that Calmet, in like manner, confines the latter part of it to the persecutions of Antiochus against the Jews. He observes, however, at the close of the chapter, it is necessary to acknowledge that Antiochus was one of the most manifest, and most expressive figures of antichrist, and that these things which the angel foretold of Antiochus will receive a further accomplishment before the end of the world.
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Dan 11:44. tidings: as in the case of Sennacherib, the victorious career of Antiochus is to be interrupted by news of insurrections in his own land.
Fuente: Peake’s Commentary on the Bible
11:44 But tidings out of the east and out of the north shall {d} trouble him: therefore he shall go forth {e} with great fury to destroy, and utterly to make away many.
(d) Hearing that Crassus was slain, and Antonius defeated.
(e) For Augustus overcame the Parthians, and recovered that which Antonius had lost.
Fuente: Geneva Bible Notes
Rumors of enemy armies from the East (cf. Rev 9:13-21; Rev 16:12) and from the North (cf. Dan 11:40) will irritate him, resulting in his killing "many" more people (cf. Zec 13:8). Compare the invasion sequence by Sennacherib (Isa 37:7-8). He will also return to Palestine. His headquarters there will evidently be in Jerusalem. This city stands between the Mediterranean and Dead Seas. The NIV translation "at the beautiful holy mountain" confirms this location, since Jerusalem stands on Mt. Moriah. It is evidently there that he will meet his match and suffer defeat. Later revelation says that Jesus Christ will return from heaven and destroy him (Rev 19:19-20; cf. Zec 14:1-4).
One writer summarized the revelation about Antichrist in Dan 11:36-45 as follows. He will act in self-will (Dan 11:36), will exalt himself (Dan 11:36), and will magnify himself above every god (Dan 11:36). He will blaspheme the true God (Dan 11:36), will succeed for a limited period of time (Dan 11:36), and will be an irreligious person (Dan 11:37). He will also place confidence in military might (Dan 11:38-39), his military might will be challenged (Dan 11:40), and he will be initially victorious in battle (Dan 11:40-43). However, he will face renewed conflict (Dan 11:44), will establish his headquarters in Jerusalem (Dan 11:45), and will finally come to an end (Dan 11:45). [Note: Campbell, pp. 132-34.]