Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Micah 2:13
The breaker is come up before them: they have broken up, and have passed through the gate, and are gone out by it: and their king shall pass before them, and the LORD on the head of them.
13. The breaker is come up, &c.] Rather, ‘One that breaketh through is gone up before them; they have broken through, and passed on by the gate, and are gone out thereat; and their king is passed on before them, and Jehovah at their head. ‘One that breaketh through’ i.e. through the prison in which the people are confined is the epithet of a conqueror, not Jehovah, but a human leader, analogous to Moses and Joshua of old. We need not rack our brains as to who this conqueror is; in the light of other prophecies he can be no other than the Messiah. But Jehovah (‘our king,’ Isa 33:22) is not absent from His people; He leads the van of the host, as of yore at the Exodus (Isa 52:12; comp. Exo 13:21).
is come up have broken up ] The verbs in the perfect tense picturesquely describe the irresistible progress of the hosts.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
The Breaker is come up – (gone up) before them; they have broken up (Broken through) and have passed the gate, and have gone forth The image is not of conquest, but of deliverance. They break through, not to enter in but to pass through the gate and go forth. The wall of the city is ordinarily broken through, in order to make an entrance Psa 80:13; Psa 89:41; Isa 5:5; Neh 2:13, or to secure to a conqueror the power of entering in Pro 25:28; 2Ki 14:13; 2Ch 25:23; 2Ch 26:6 at any time, or by age and decay 2Ch 32:5. But here the object is expressed, to go forth. Plainly then, they were confined before, as in a prison; and the gate of the prison was burst open, to set them free. It is then the same image as when God says by Isaiah; I will say to the North, give up; and to the South, Hold not back Isa 43:6, or, Go ye forth of Babylon, Say ye, the Lord hath redeemed His servant Jacob Isa 48:20; or, with the same reminiscence of Gods visible leading of His people out of Egypt Depart ye, depart ye; for ye shall not go out with haste, nor yet by flight, for the Lord God shall go before you, and the God of Israel will be your reward; or as Hosea describes their restoration (Hos 1:11, (Hos 2:2, Hebrew)); Then shall the children of Judah and the children of Israel be gathered together and appoint themselves one Head, and they shall go up out of the land. Elsewhere, in Isaiah, the spiritual meaning of the deliverance from the prison is more distinctly brought out, as the work of our Redeemer. I will give Thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles, to open the blind eyes, to bring out the prisoners from the prison, them that sit in darkness out of the prison-house Isa 42:6-7; and, the Spirit of the Lord God is upon Me, because the Lord hath anointed Me to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound Isa 61:1.
From this passage, the Breaker-through was one of the titles of the Christ, known to the Jews , as One who should be from below and from above also; and from it they believed that captives should come up from Gehenna, and the Sheehinah, or the Presence of God, at their head. : He then, who shall break the way, the King and Lord who shall go up before them, shall be the Good Shepherd, who puts them together in the fold. And this He doth when, as He saith, He putieth forth His own sheep, and He goeth before them, and the sheep follow Him, for they know His Voice Joh 10:4. How doth He go befree them but by suffering for them, leaving them an example of suffering, and opening the entrance of Paradise? The Good Shepherd goeth up to time Cross Joh 10:15; Joh 12:32, and is lifted up from the earth, laying down His Life for His sheep, to draw all men unto Him. He goeth up, trampling on death by His resurrection; He goeth up above the heaven of heavens, and sitteth on the Right Hand of the Father, opening the way before them, so that the flock, in their lowliness, may arrive where the Shepherd went before in His Majesty. And when He thus breaketh through and openeth the road, they also break through and pass through the gate and go out by it, by that Gate, namely, whereof the Psalmist saith, This is the Gate of the Lord; the righteous shall enter into It Psa 118:20.
What other is this Gate than that same Passion of Christ, beside which there is no gate, no way whereby any can enter into life? Through that open portal, which the lance of the soldier made in His Side when crucified, and there came thereout Blood and Water, they shall pass and go through, even as the children of Israel passed through the Red Sea, which divided before them, when Pharaoh, his chariots and horsemen, were drowned. Dionysius: He will be in their hearts, and will teach and lead them; He will shew them the way of Salvation, guiding their feet into the way of peace Luk 1:79, and they shall pass through the strait and narrow gate which leadeth unto life; of which it is written, Enter ye in at the strait gate; because strait is the gate and narrow is the way which leadeth unto life, and few there be that find it. And their King shall pass before them Mat 7:13-14, as He did, of old, in the figure of the cloud, of which Moses said, If Thy Presence go not, carry us not up hence; and wherein shall it be known that I have found grace in Thy sight, I and Thy people, is it not in that Thou goest up with us? Exo 33:15-16, and as He then did when He passed out of this world to the Father. And the Lord on (that is, at) the head of them, as of His army.
Rup.: For the Lord is His Name, and He is the Head, they the members; He the King, they the people; He the Shepherd, they the sheep of His pasture. And of this passing through He spake, By Me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out and find pasture Joh 10:9. For a man entereth in, when, receiving the faith, he becomes a sheep of this Shepherd, and goeth out, when he closeth this present life, and then findeth the pastures of unfading, everlasting life ; passing from this pilgrimage to his home, from faith to sight, from labor to reward. Again, as describing the Christians life here, it speaks of progress. Jerome: Whoso shall have entered in, must not remain in the state wherein he entered, but must go forth into the pasture; so that, in entering in should be the beginning, in going forth and finding pasture, the perfecting of graces. He who entereth in, is contained within the bounds of the world; he who goeth forth, goes, as it were, beyond all created things, and, counting as nothing all things seen, shall find pasture above the Heavens, and shall feed upon the Word of God, and say, The Lord is my Shepherd Psa 23:1, (and feedeth me,) I can lack nothing.
But this going forth can only be through Christ; as it followeth, and the Lord at the head of them. Nor, again, is this in itself easy, or done for us without any effort of our own. All is of Christ. The words express the closeness of the relation between the Head and the members; and what He, our King and Lord, doth, they do, because He who did it for them, doth it in them. The same words are used of both, shewing that what they do, they do by virtue of His Might, treading in His steps, walking where He has made the way plain, and by His Spirit. What they do, they do, as belonging to Him. He breaketh through, or, rather, in all is the Breaker-through. They, having broken through, pass on, because He passeth before them. He will Isa 45:2 break in pieces the gates of brass, and cut in sunder the bars of iron. He breaketh through whatever would hold us back or oppose us, all might of sin and death and Satan, as Moses opened the Red Sea, for a way for the ransomed to pass over Isa 51:10; and so He saith, I will go before thee, I will break in pieces the gates of brass, and cut in sunder the bars of iron, and I will give thee the treasures of darkness, and hidden riches of secret places Isa 45:2-3.
So then Christians, following Him, the Captain of their salvation, strengthened by His grace, must burst the bars of the flesh and of the world, the chains and bonds of evil passions and habits, force themselves through the narrow way and narrow gate, do violence to themselves 2Ti 2:3, endure hardness, as good soldiers of Jesus Christ. The title of our Lord, the Breaker-through, and the saying, they break through, together express the same as the New Testament doth in regard to our being partakers of the sufferings of Christ Rom 8:17. Joint heirs with Christ, if so be that we suffer with Him, that we may be also glorified together 2Ti 2:11-12. If we be dead with Him, we shall also live with Him; if we suffer, we shall also reign with Him 1Pe 4:1. Forasmuch then as Christ hath suffered for us in the flesh – arm yourselves likewise with the same mind.
The words may include also the removal of the souls of the just, who had believed in Christ before His Coming, into Heaven after His Resurrection, and will be fully completed when, in the end, He shall cause His faithful servants, in body and soul, to enter into the joy of their Lord.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Mic 2:13
The breaker is come up before them: they have broken up, and have passed through the gate, and are gone out by it
Christ, as the Breaker, opening all passes to glory that were impassable
It is agreed not only by Christian, but even by some Jewish interpreters, that these words have a principal and ultimate view unto the glorious Messiah, and the great work of salvation that lie was to accomplish in the fulness of time.
The prophet here prophesies that Christ should rid the way, and clear the passage, and make mountains as a plain.
I. The way of the Lords ransomed opened up by the great Redeemer. The breaker is come up before them.
1. The designation given to the glorious Messiah. The breaker. Cyrus was an instrument in the hand of God for breaking the Babylonish yoke. Herein he was a type of Christ, by whom the yoke of our spiritual captivity under sin and Satan is broken.
2. We have the courageous appearance of the glorious Redeemer in His breaking work. He comes up, He appears upon the field with an undaunted and heroic courage.
3. The party that He heads, or those in whose quarrel this Breaker appears. Enquire upon what account Christ is called the Breaker.
(1) In general, because of the great opposition He had to break through.
(2) He breaks up a new and living way, by which we have access to God and glory.
(3) He breaks through the storms of Divine wrath, the rage of men and devils, in order to accomplish our redemption.
(4) In a day of power He breaks the enmity of our hearts against Him.
(5) Those who will not bow unto His royal authority He breaks in pieces.
6. He may be called a Breaker because of the breaking trials He brings on His own people, and the judgments and calamities that He brings on an offending Church or nation.
II. The upcoming of Christ as the Breaker. Understand of His coming up to avenge the quarrel of His children and people. Like a mighty champion He takes the field. Tell of some seasonable upcomings.
1. He appeared in our quarrel in the council of peace.
2. He came seasonably immediately after the fall of man.
3. Really and personally in His incarnation.
4. In the power of His Spirit in the dispensation of the Gospel.
5. In the outward dispensation of His providence.
6. When He revives His own work in a backsliding land and church.
7. In every display of His grace and love to a particular believer; when He seasonably interposes for the relief of a poor soul sinking under the burden of sin, temptation, affliction, and desertion.
8. At death.
Question–In what manner doth He Come up in our quarrel, to the help of the weak against the mighty?
1. All His appearances for the help and relief of His people have been well-timed.
2. He comes up solitarily. He alone comes up. It is His own arm brings salvation.
3. With the greatest alacrity and cheerfulness.
4. Speedily, with no lingering or tarrying.
5. Courageously.
6. Victoriously.
7. His coming to His breaking work is irresistible. And–
8. It is with much awful greatness and majesty.
III. What is implied in His coming up before them?
1. It imports that He has them and their case deeply at heart.
2. It implies that their way is hard and difficult.
3. It implies His authority to rule and govern them.
4. It implies strength and ability to support authority.
5. It implies their inability to break up their own way.
6. As the Breaker is gone up before them, it implies that He has paved the road, and travelled the way before them. He goes before His people in obedience, in suffering, in going through death into glory.
7. It implies His routing and discomfiting all the enemies that stood in the way of our salvation: Satan, sin, the world, death.
8. It implies that the way to heaven is patent.
9. It implies that, whatever dangers, difficulties, or opposition be in their way, they are in absolute safety under His conduct.
IV. The grounds and reasons of this dispensation, or why doth Christ break up the way to His people?
1. Because they were gifted to Him of the Father, as a heritage and possession.
2. Because they are the purchase of His blood.
3. Because His faithfulness is engaged to lead them in their way.
4. Because He has to give an account of them to the Father.
5. Because they cannot break up their own way.
6. Because they trust in Him as Leader and Commander.
7. Because of the near and dear relation that He has come under unto them. (E. Erskine.)
The Breaker
Micah lived near the time of the Babylonish Captivity. It is a prominent subject in the prophetic writings. Resembling, as it did, the spiritual captivity of Gods people, it is made the groundwork of many glorious predictions relating to the Lord Jesus Christ and His salvation. In this light commentators regard the prediction of the text. It has a reference to the captive Jews, and their liberator Cyrus; but it looks further. In Christ and His ransomed people it has its real, complete fulfilment. It sets forth the Lord Jesus–
I. As interposing for His people in a peculiar character. The breaker. The demolisher. One who beats down before them all barriers and impediments that obstruct their way. The figure places us where we really are, far off from God and His kingdom, with many obstructions lying in between Gods kingdom and us; with more than distance to be got over–with barriers and obstacles to be surmounted. What are these? Some of them lie out of us, some within us. Out of us is–
1. The judicial displeasure of God. It is our guilt which has subjected us to His wrath.
2. The opposition of Satan. By Satan is meant, not one being, but a numerous host of beings in the spiritual world opposed to our happiness. Through this difficulty Christ breaks. Not, as we might have supposed, by exterminating these enemies of our salvation, scattering them out of our path; but in first making His own way to heaven in mans form through them, and then by communicating strength to His people to do as He has done–withstand these enemies, force their way through them, and tread them down. Within His people, what is there to impede them in their way to heaven? We may say that everything within them is an impediment to them in their way. There is nothing within fallen man, naturally, that does not tend to carry him away from God, rather than to lead him to God.
See–
1. The natural self-sufficiency and pride of heart, which we may call self-righteousness. But Christ comes, and touches the proud heart of man, and this barrier in it falls down.
2. There is the unGodliness of the heart. Almost as stiff a barrier in the way of our salvation as its pride. Here too the heavenly Breaker comes in. He opens the sinners heart, communicates to it a holy principle; and this principle, warring against the unholiness in him, gradually breaks its strength, masters and dethrones it.
3. The unbelief of our hearts. This leads to hesitation and delay, under one excuse after another.
II. The escape of Gods Israel in consequence of Christs interposition for them. Two remarks.
1. A great change has taken place in the spiritual condition of Christs people, in consequence of what He has done for them.
2. The people really delivered by Christ cooperate with Him in their deliverance. You must be warned against imagining that you have one particle of spiritual ability or strength of your own. But you must be warned as earnestly against taking up with what may be termed a passive religion.
III. The high privilege of these escaped liberated men after their escape. Their king shall pass before them, and the Lord on the head of them. This is more than saying we shall have the Lord for us, we shall have Him with us. It indicates not merely the presence, but the near presence of the Lord. It may be a figure taken from the cloudy Pillar hanging over Israel, overshadowing them. It is an assurance at once of discipline and of safety on our way to heaven. (Charles Bradley, M. A.)
The Breaker
Names appropriate to the offices which He was afterwards to fill were bestowed upon the promised Messiah. This is one of them. The name answers to what we call a pioneer, one who clears the way before an army in its march.
1. It is appropriate to the Lord Jesus, because it was through His agency alone that the power of sin was broken. Our redeemed broke the strength of the law, by obeying its rigid requirements in our stead.
2. This title marks the character and office of the Messiah when, by His death, the destruction between Jews and Gentiles was forever removed.
3. The title is appropriate, since by His death Christ destroyed death, and by His triumphant resurrection He has given an earnest of what He will one day accomplish for all who fall asleep in Him.
4. Appropriate also when we notice the steady inroads which His kingdom has made upon the widespread dominions of the Prince of Darkness. In vain does infidelity attempt to account for the improvement in morality and refinement by attributing them to the advance of civilisation alone. Stubborn facts, drawn from the history of nations, contradict the assertion. Civilisation, unless animated and directed by the religion of Christ, has uniformly corrupted and deteriorated public morals. We must look to a higher source than the wisdom or ingenuity or strength of man for the agency which has vanquished the powers of darkness, and redeemed the world from bondage; and we need not look for it in vain. (John N. Norton, D. D.)
The Breaker
I. In what respects may Jesus Christ be called a Breaker? Because of the great opposition He had to break through in the work of our redemption. Because He breaks up a new and living way, by which we may have access to God and glory. Because He breaks the enmity of our hearts against Him. Because of the breaking judgments He brings on the world, and the breaking trials on His people.
II. In what respects may He be said to come up? When our first parents sinned, He came up in the promise. He came up really and personally in the incarnation, etc. In the chariots of a preached Gospel. In every display of His grace and love to such as believe.
III. What may be implied in His coming up before them? He comes before them as a Shepherd, as a General, as a King. It imports that the way to heaven is patent.
IV. The escape of the ransomed by this way. They have broken up, etc., out of darkness into light, out of bond age into liberty. They have passed through the law gate of conviction, and the gospel-gate of conversion. (T. Hannam.)
The Lord Jesus as the Leader of His people
I. The Lord Jesus in the character of a Breaker. By breaker understand one who burst through all obstacles.
1. What are the difficulties to be broken through?
2. Jesus, as the Breaker, has burst through every difficulty.
II. His people following in His steps. Allusion is to the entrance of a victorious captain, with his troops following. Every act of Christ was done for His Church. How great will be the final glory of the Saviour! How blessed is the lot of the people of God! How awful it must be to be a stranger to Christ. (J. G. Breay, B. A.)
The matchless beauty of Jesus
Apply the words to the spiritual and eternal salvation of the Israel of God. Consider–
I. The captivity, implied in the promise of deliverance. The people are described as sheep, but their salvation is spoken of in language which implies they are captives, and such captives that no other than the Lord Jehovah can effect their freedom. It is a captivity to sin. It is a willing captivity. They have sold themselves.
II. Their glorious redemption. Who is it that undertakes their cause, and as their Redeemer is mighty to set them free?
III. The making effectual of the redemption thus obtained in the release and liberty of the captives. They break through their unbelief; they break through the barriers of sin, guilt, and death, and lay hold on eternal life. They break, also, from their sins, from the world, from its ungodly ways, and from whatever would withstand them in their following their glorious Lord and King, who goes before them, and whom they obey as their Leader and Commander. A threefold application.
1. Warning to such as go on still in their trespasses.
2. Encouragement to all that are sensible of their sins, and concerned about their souls.
3. Comfort for all such as are following after the Lord. (J. T. Parker, M. A.)
Christ the Breaker
I. The great work of our Divine Redeemer, by which He has broken for the captives the prison house of their bondage. Many of us know not the bondage in which we are held. We are chained by sin, chained by the habit of evil with a strength of which you never know till you try to shake off.
II. Jesus Christ as the Opener, and the Path, to God. Our condition is not only one of bondage to evil, but also one of separation from God. We do not know God as He is, except by Jesus Christ. It is only the God manifest in Jesus Christ that draws mens hearts to Him. That God that is in Christ is the only God that humanity ever loved. He, by the fact of His Cross and Passion, has borne and borne away the impediments of our own sin and transgression which rise forever between us and Him, unless He shall sweep them out of the way.
III. Christ is the Breaker as the Captain of our lifes march. When He putteth forth His sheep, He goeth before them.
IV. He is the Breaker for us of the bands of death. Christs resurrection is the only solid proof of a future life. It is not possible that we should be holden of the impotent chains that He has broken. (A. Maclaren, D. D.)
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Fuente: Biblical Illustrator Edited by Joseph S. Exell
Verse 13. The breaker is come up] He who is to give them deliverance, and lead them out on the way of their return. He who takes down the hurdles, or makes a gap in the wall or hedge, to permit them to pass through. This may apply to those human agents that shall permit and order their return. And Jehovah being at their head, may refer to their final restoration, when the Lord Jesus shall become their leader, they having returned unto him as the shepherd and bishop of their souls; and they and the Gentiles forming one fold under one shepherd, to go no more out into captivity for ever. Lord, hasten the time!
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
In the opinion of those who account the 12th verse to be part of the flattering discourse of false prophets, this verse is the prophet Micahs reply to those false teachers; so far is it from truth that God will restore the remnant, and establish them, that he assures them the contrary will surely and suddenly befall them; and these do in the same manner expound the words as they of the third opinion, mentioned Mic 2:12, thus:
The breaker; the Assyrian with his mighty host, i.e. Shalmaneser and his army.
Is come up; the present put (after the style of the prophets) for the future, because the thing was near, and very certain.
Before them; the people of Israel might see them, would they open their eyes; the preparations for this expedition are visible to all that will observe what is doing abroad. The mighty army of the Assyrian king shall ere long approach the confines, enter the land, invest the cities, yea, the metropolis of Israel.
They have broken up; no frontiers shall be strong enough to keep them out of the land.
Have passed through the gate; no cities so strong with walls and gates, which the Assyrian shall not take and possess, and enter in through the gates, as of his own cities.
And are gone out by it; and securely go out too.
Their king, Shalmaneser,
shall pass before, in triumphant manner,
them, his own army, and the captive Jacob.
And the Lord, offended with the Jews,
on the head of them; leading and succeeding the Assyrians in this war.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
13. The breakerJehovah-Messiah,who breaks through every obstacle in the way of theirrestoration: not as formerly breaking forth to destroy themfor transgression (Exo 19:22;Jdg 21:15), but breaking a way forthem through their enemies.
theythe returningIsraelites and Jews.
passed through the gatethatis, through the gate of the foe’s city in which they had beencaptives. So the image of the resurrection (Ho13:14) represents Israel’s restoration.
their king“theBreaker,” peculiarly “their king” (Hos 3:5;Mat 27:37).
pass before themas Hedid when they went up out of Egypt (Exo 13:21;Deu 1:30; Deu 1:33).
the Lord on the head ofthemJehovah at their head (Isa52:12). Messiah, the second person, is meant (compare Exo 23:20;Exo 33:14; Isa 63:9).
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
The breaker up is come up before them,…. Not the enemy, either the Assyrian or Chaldean army, or any part thereof, going up before the rest, breaking down the walls of the city, either of Samaria or Jerusalem, so making way for entrance therein; nor Zedekiah, as Joseph Kimchi, who made his escape through the wall broken down; nor the Maccabees, who were instruments of great salvation and deliverance to the Jews after the captivity, and before the coming of Christ. Kimchi makes mention of an exposition, which interprets “the breaker” of Elijah, that was to come before the Messiah; “and their king”, in the latter part of the text, of the branch the son of David; that is, the Messiah; which sense Mr. Pocock thinks may be admitted of, provided by Elijah we understand John the Baptist, the forerunner of Christ, who is the true Elijah that was to come; who broke, prepared, and cleared the way for Christ by his doctrine and baptism see Lu 1:16; but it is best to interpret “the breaker” of Christ himself; and so I find it explained a by the Jews also, to whom this and all the rest of the characters in the text agree; and who may be so called with respect to his incarnation, being the firstborn that opened the womb, and broke forth into the world in a very extraordinary manner; his birth being of a virgin, who was so both before and after the birth; thus Pharez had his name, which is from the same root, and is of a similar sound with Phorez here, from his breaking forth before his brother, unawares, and contrary to expectation, Ge 38:29; this agrees with Christ, with respect to his death, when he broke through and vanquished all enemies, sin, Satan, the world, and death; broke through all the troops of hell, and spoiled principalities and powers; and through all difficulties that lay in the way of the salvation of his people; he broke down the middle wall of partition, the ceremonial law which was between Jew and Gentile; and broke off the yoke of sin, Satan, and the law, under which they were, and set them at liberty; and at his resurrection he broke asunder the cords of death, as Samson did his withs as a thread of tow; and at his ascension he broke his way through the regions of the air, and legions of devils there, leading captivity captive, and entered into heaven; and was “pandens iter”, as the Vulgate Latin version here renders it, “opening the way” for his people into it; by the ministry of the word, he broke his way into the Gentile world, conquering and to conquer, which was mighty, through God, for the pulling down of strong holds, and reducing multitudes to his obedience; at the conversion of every sinner he breaks open the everlasting doors of their hearts, and enters in; he breaks their rocky hearts in pieces, and then binds up what he has broken; and in the latter day he will break in pieces all his enemies as a potter’s vessel; yea, he will break in pieces and consume all the kingdoms of the earth, which will become like the chaff of the summer threshingfloors: and now he is ascended, or “gone up” to heaven to his Father there, and “before them” his sheep, his people, said to be assembled, gathered and put together; he is ascended as the forerunner of them, to receive gifts for them, and bestow them on them, and to prepare heaven for them, and to make intercession on their behalf; and, as sure as he is gone up, so sure shall they also follow:
they have broken up, and have passed through the gate, and are gone out by it; not either the Assyrians or Chaldeans; nor the people that fled with Zedekiah; but the sheep of Christ following him their Shepherd; who, in the strength of Christ, and the power of his grace, break out of their prison houses; and break off the yokes and fetters in which they have been detained, and all allegiance to former lords; and break through their enemies, and become more than conquerors through him that has loved them; and “pass through [him] the gate”; the strait gate, and narrow way, that leads to the Father, and to the enjoyment of all the blessings of grace; and into the sheepfold, the church, and the privileges of it; and even into heaven itself, eternal life and happiness: and by which also they “go out”, for he is a door of escape unto them out of the hands of all their enemies, and from wrath to come; and he is a door of hope of all good things unto them, and which leads to green pastures, and by which they go in and out, and find pasture:
and their King shall pass before them, and the Lord on the head of them; not the king of Assyria or Babylon, before their respective armies, the Lord God himself being in a providential way at the head of them, and succeeding them; nor Hoshea or Zedekiah, going before their people into captivity, the Lord having forsaken them; but the King Messiah, who is King of Zion, King of saints, that goes before his people as a king before his subjects, and as a shepherd before his flock; and who is the true Jehovah, the Lord our righteousness, who is at the head, and is the Head of his church; the Captain of their salvation, that is at the head of his armies, his chosen and faithful ones, they following and marching after him, Re 17:14.
a In Mattanot Cehunah in Bereshit Rabba, parash. 85. fol. 75. 2. Vid. Galatia. Arcan. Cathol. Ver. l. 3. c. 30.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
It follows, Ascend shall a breaker before them; that is, they shall be led in confusion; and the gate shall also be broken, that they may go forth together; for the passage would not be large enough, were they, as is usually done, to go forth in regular order; but the gates of cities shall be broken, that they may pass through in great numbers and in confusion. By these words the Prophet intimates, that all would be quickly taken away into exile. And they shall go forth, he says through the gate, and their king shall pass on before if them The Prophet means here, that the king would be made captive; and this was the saddest spectacle: for some hope remained, when the dregs of the people had been led into Chaldea; but when the king himself was led away a captive, and cast into prison, and his eyes pulled out, and his children slain, it was the greatest of misery. They were wont to take pride in their king, for they thought that their kingdom could not but continue perpetually, since God had so promised. But God might for a time overturn that kingdom, that he might afterwards raise it anew, according to what has been done by Christ, and according to what had been also predicted by the Prophets. “Crosswise, crosswise, crosswise, ( transversa) let the crown be, until its lawful possessor comes.” We then see that this, which the Prophet mentions respecting their king, has been added for the sake of amplifying.
He afterwards adds, Jehovah shall be at the head of them; that is, He will be nigh them, to oppress and wholly to overwhelm them. Some consider something to be understood, and of this kind, that Jehovah was wont formerly to rule over them, but that now he would cease to do so: but this is too strained; and the meaning which I have stated seems sufficiently clear, and that is, — that God himself would be the doer, when they should be driven into exile, and that he would add courage to tyrants and their attendants, in pursuing the accursed people, in order to urge on more and more and aggravate their calamities and thus to show that their destruction vault happen through his righteous judgment. We now then understand the real meaning of the Prophet. (91) Now follows —
(91) Calvin is not singular in his view of this passage. Scott takes the same view, while Henry regards the passage as containing a promise, and so do Marckius, Newcome, and Henderson. But some have considered the words as those of the false prophets, referred to in the eleventh verse, and that Micah answers them in the next chapter. There is no sufficient ground for this opinion. Of those who regard the passage as including a promise, some apply it to the restoration from the Babylonian captivity, and others to spiritual restoration by the gospel. But the passage, viewed by itself, and in its connection with the next chapter, bears evidently the appearance of a commination: there are especially two words which manifestly favor this view, — תהימנה and הפרף; both are taken generally, if not uniformly, in a bad sense. The first means to tumultuate, to be turbulent and riotous, to be clamorous and noisy; the second signifies to demolish, to break through, to destroy, and in every instance in which it is found as a personal noun, it means a destroyer or a robber. — See Psa 17:4; Eze 18:10; Dan 11:14. The first is a verb in the second person plural of the future tense, and in the feminine gender, because of the comparison made in the former lines to sheep and a flock. The verbs in the 12 th verse are all in the future tense, and the two first in the 13 th are in the past, according to what is common in prophecies, but must be rendered as futures. I propose the following version of the passage, —
12. Gathering, I will gather Jacob, the whole of thee; Assembling, I will assemble the residue of Israel; Together will I set them as the sheep of Bozrah, As a flock in the midst of its fold; — Ye shall be more noisy than men.
13. Ascend shall the breaker in the sight of them, — they shall break through, And pass the gate, yea, they shall go forth through it, And pass shall their king before them, And Jehovah shall be at their head, or, for their leader.
—
Ed.
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
(13) The breaker.This Breaker is, by the confession of the Jews, the title of the Messias. . . . The same appeareth by that saying of Moses Haddershan in Bereshith Rabba: The plantation from above is Messias; as it is written, the Breaker is come up before them (Pearson, On the Creed, Art. 6, note).
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
Mic 2:13. The breaker is come up, &c. He who shall open the way shall ascend before them: They shall come by troops, and pass through the gates. Their king before them shall lead the band: The Lord shall be at their head. In these two last verses the times of the new covenant are foretold; when he who is both the shepherd and the king of his sheep,of all his faithful people,shall open the way before them; when they shall go into that rest mentioned, Mic 2:10. It is very usual with the prophets, after they have denounced the destruction of the Jewish republic, to foretel their grand and spiritual deliverance; that the people might not think themselves intirely forsaken of God as a nation. See Houbigant and Calmet.
REFLECTIONS.1st, It is true both of nations and individuals, that they would never have been sufferers, if they had not first been sinners.
1. The sins of this people are brought to light. With deep contrivance, even on their beds, they planned their wicked designs; and having in the day cast their greedy eyes on some field or house which lay convenient for them, they devised how to dispossess the owner, and, like Ahab, seize the heritage: and, eager to put their schemes in execution, no sooner does the morning break, than they are in haste to be at their evil work; and, having the power in their hands, stop at no oppression, fraud, or injustice, to accomplish their designs, careless about the miseries which they may entail upon the unhappy families of those who fall the victims of their covetousness. Note; (1.) Where inordinate love of gain possesses the heart, the very feelings of humanity are often banished. (2.) The more design and deliberation there is in sin, the more exceeding sinful it becomes. (3.) They who abuse their power to oppression, will find a greater than they to espouse the cause of the injured.
2. God threatens them with condign punishment. They flattered themselves that they could as easily escape the curse as they had broken the commands of God, and haughtily looked down on their inferiors, and despised the warnings of the prophets; but God will devise an evil against them, the Assyrian invasion, from which they cannot remove their necks; and in this time of evil, distress, and perplexity, the lofty looks of the proud shall be brought low; for pride will surely sooner or later have a fall. To such misery would they be then reduced, that they would be a proverb in the mouth of every beholder; insulted by their enemies and by their friends bitterly lamented; the general cry will be, We be utterly spoiled; their persons captives; their substance plundered; their land possessed by strangers; their portion changed, and given into the hands of the heathen. Turning away, he hath divided our fields; either God in anger hath turned from them, and given them up to the spoil; or the Assyrian conqueror, before he retired, divided their land among others; so that now they should neither have the country to divide, as in the days of Joshua, nor people to inhabit it, nor a congregation of the Lord, in which to cast the lot before him. Note; (1.) What is got by fraud, will usually be no abiding possession. (2.) There is a righteous God, who will shortly deal with proud oppressors according to their deserts.
2nd, They who choose their own delusions, are justly given up to them. The sins and punishments of this people exactly correspond.
1. Their persecution of the prophets is punished by depriving them of these faithful ministers, and abandoning them to their own inventions. Prophesy ye not, say they to them that prophesy? they could not bear their harsh admonitions, nor patiently hear the judgments which they denounced, and therefore enjoined them silence. Thus they who will not be reformed hate to be reproved, and still seek to silence the faithful ministers who will not suffer them to go on quietly in their iniquities, but denounce those terrors of the Lord which disturb their repose. Some read the words Prophesy not, as addressed to the true prophets; but prophesy ye, the false prophets, who flattered them in their iniquities: such teachers they chose as with lies and falsehood lulled them asleep, promising them peace, though they added drunkenness to thirst, the companions or encouragers of their wickedness; and though they abused their blessings so vilely, prophesying of wine and of strong drink, the best news in a drunkard’s ears; he shall be the prophet of this people. On such abominable conduct God expostulates with them, O thou that art named the house of Jacob, glorying in their descent from this patriarch; is the Spirit of the Lord straitened? will their prohibition stop God’s Spirit? and when he speaks, can the prophets forbear? Or will they limit him to visions of peace, and restrain him from foretelling the judgments that they provoked? Are these his doings? does such conduct become the house of Jacob? or, is this like God’s people? or, does God delight in vengeance? No: they forced him to the strange work. Do not my words, says he, do good to him that walketh uprightly? If they enjoy not the blessing, they have only themselves to blame, who, by their impenitence, put good things from them. For these things, therefore, God gives them up to their own delusions, and bids his prophets be silent. They shall not prophesy to them, that they shall not take shame; either that the prophets may not expose themselves to the insults which they had met with; or that they should reprove the people no more, who, as they had chosen lying prophets as their sin, shall be curst with them as their plague; and a heavier one cannot light upon them. Note; (1.) They who are vile themselves, choose those for teachers who most resemble them, and from whom they least fear reproof. (2.) None hate God’s word, but those who walk contrary thereto: the upright delight in it, and adore the justice of the wrath therein revealed, as well as the riches of the grace. (3.) Many are happy when their ministers who disturbed them are removed or silenced, not knowing the wrath and reprobacy which are herein contained.
2. Their oppression shall be punished with captivity. Even of late my people is risen up as an enemy; as when the Israelites fell upon their brethren, 2Ch 28:6 or they grew more and more oppressive. Ye pull off the robe with the garment; stripping the poor quite naked, and this without the least provocation; from them that pass by securely, little suspecting such violence; as men averse from war, peaceable themselves, they thought to pass unmolested. Nay, to such a pitch of inhumanity they advanced, that they spared not helpless women and children, plundering their pleasant houses: and from their defenceless children have ye taken away my glory for ever; enslaving them, and selling them to the heathen; thus depriving them of all the blessings of God’s worship, and robbing him of his glory. But God will give them according to their deeds: the oppressors shall in their turn be oppressed. Arise ye, and depart, ye who are my true worshippers, out of this polluted land: or, as others explain it, Arise ye, and depart, prepare for captivity; for this is not your rest: you flattered yourselves with an abiding mansion here, but God hath decreed the contrary. Because it is polluted, it shall destroy you even with a sore destruction; the land shall shake them out as the Canaanites of old; and the Chaldean sword shall spread dreadful ravages among them, the just punishment of their cruelty and oppression. Note; (1.) To oppress the fatherless and widows is peculiarly criminal, and God will surely be the avenger of their wrongs. (2.) This world is not our rest; we must not think of it here below: it is polluted, and every thing around us is ready to communicate defilement. We must arise and depart, weaned from it in affection, and passing through it as a pilgrim through a strange land, careful to avoid the pollutions that are in it, and hastening on to our only true rest, which is above with God in glory.
3rdly, God still in judgment remembers mercy. The chapter closes with a gracious promise of the adored Messiah.
The Lord will assemble the scattered remnant of Israel returning penitently to him whom they had forsaken, and will unite them in one glorious fold, where they shall together rejoice aloud under their divine Shepherd’s care; which was accomplished when, by the preaching of the Gospel of Christ, many penitent Jews were brought into his church, and rejoiced in his salvation; and will be more fully accomplished, when the sons of Jacob shall be gathered from their present dispersion and embrace the true Messiah. The breaker is gone up before them, Christ Jesus, who hath borne down all opposition from sin and Satan, and opened a way for the faithful to pass over, especially by his resurrection and ascension, leading their captivity captive: they have broken up, and have passed through the gate, and are gone out by it, even all the faithful sons of God, who are made more than conquerors through his grace, and enabled triumphantly to pass through the gate of death: and their king shall pass before them, and the Lord on the head of them; Jesus the captain of their salvation leading the way, opening the kingdom of heaven to all believers, and bringing many sons unto glory, even all that faithful host which no man can number.
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
Here is a verse concerning the Lord Jesus, which it would take the whole of life to go over every part and explain; and after all, numberless beauties pointing to the Lord Jesus in it would be left unexplored and unknown. That by the breaker is meant the Lord Jesus Christ, the general consent of all commentators have agreed. The name seems to be taken from Pharez, meaning a breach. See Gen 38:29 . And Christ is come up in the everlasting counsel of Jehovah, in his glorious Mediatorial character, as a Repairer of the breach of his people. Isa 58:12 . And in this view it is most blessed to behold Christ, and to remark how he corresponds in every point to this character. He indeed came up before his people, when he arose at the call of Jehovah, in the infinite mind, as the Holy One of Israel, the Maker, and Redeemer thereof. And as in the eternal counsels he thus appeared the glorious Head and Representative of his body the Church; so in time his goings were for the salvation of his people. Mic 5:2 ; Hab 3:13 . Through the whole of the scripture history before his incarnation; who but Jesus came up as the sum and substance of every type, shadow, and figure; both before the law, and under the law, and the Prophets? And when at his miraculous conception, birth, and ministry, death and resurrection; he manifested himself under each, and every particular, as the Lord Our Righteousness; who but Jesus came up, and went before his people in all the glorious offices which testified to his character? And who but Jesus broke asunder the bars and gates of death, when he arose from the dead, and conquered the grave in its own territories, for his people? Who but Jesus broke up the clouds, when in his ascension he returned to take possession of the kingdom of heaven, for his people? And who but Jesus is it that now goeth before his redeemed every act of grace, and enables them in his power to break up and break through every difficulty that would impede their way to glory; and as this blessed scripture saith, are passed through the gate, and are gone out by it? We hail thee, O thou Almighty Breaker! thou art indeed all this and infinitely more to thy people; for thou art the Lord Our Righteousness!
REFLECTIONS
READER! from the perusal of this truly gospel Chapter, behold the gracious provision made for you, for me, for all that are of the house of Jacob, spiritually considered; the Spirit of the Lord is not straitened, neither the power of the Almighty Breaker diminished! Everything around us, in us, and about us, join the Prophet’s cry; arise ye and depart, for this is not your rest because it is polluted. Surely then we must desire a better country, that is an heavenly. And blessed be our God, there is not only prepared for us a better country, but Jesus, our Almighty Breaker, hath broken up, and gone before, and taken possession of it in our name, that as he is there, we may be also. Precious Lord Jesus, we pray thee break through for thy people all that would oppose our following thee! Break for us all the chains of sin, all the devices of Satan, and quench all the fiery darts of the wicked. And do thou, Almighty Lord, break in us all the remaining power of indwelling corruption, and open our prison frames, and prison doors, and bring us out into the glorious liberty wherewith thou makest thy people free. Then shall we, in thy strength, trample over all the power of the enemy, and be made more than conquerors through thy grace helping us. Yea, we shall then pass through the gate, and go out by it; Jesus our King is before us, and our Lord on our head.
Fuente: Hawker’s Poor Man’s Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Mic 2:13 The breaker is come up before them: they have broken up, and have passed through the gate, and are gone out by it: and their king shall pass before them, and the LORD on the head of them.
Ver. 13. The breaker is come up before them ] The , , breach maker shall handle them hardly and cruelly, as galley slaves, or men condemned to the mine pits.
“ Una salus victis nullam sperare salutem. ”
They have broken up
And their king shall pass before them
And the Lord on the head of them
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Micah
CHRIST THE BREAKER
Mic 2:13
Micah was contemporary with Isaiah. The two prophets stand, to a large extent, on the same level of prophetic knowledge. Characteristic of both of them is the increasing clearness of the figure of the personal Messiah, and the increasing fulness of detail with which His functions are described. Characteristic of both of them is the presentation which we find in this text of that Messiah’s work as being the gathering together of the scattered captive people and the leading them back in triumph into the blessed land.
Such is the image which underlies my text. Of course I have nothing to do now with questions as to any narrower and nearer historical fulfilment, because I believe that all these Messianic prophecies which were susceptible of, and many of which obtained, a historical and approximate fulfilment in the restoration of the Jews from the Babylonish captivity, have a higher and broader and more real accomplishment in that great deliverance wrought by Jesus Christ, of which all these earlier and partial and outward manifestations were themselves prophecies and shadows.
So I make no apology for taking the words before us as having their only real accomplishment in the office and working of Jesus Christ. He is ‘the Breaker which is come up before us.’ He it is that has broken out the path on which we may travel, and in whom, in a manner which the Prophet dreamed not of, ‘the Lord is at the head’ of us, and our King goes before us. So that my object is simply to take that great name, the Breaker, and to see the manifold ways in which in Scripture it is applied to the various work of Jesus Christ in our redemption.
I. I follow entirely the lead of corresponding passages in other portions of Scripture, and to begin with, I ask you to think of that great work of our Divine Redeemer by which He has broken for the captives the prison-house of their bondage.
And is not that our condition? Many of us know not the bondage in which we are held. We are held in it all the more really and sadly because we conceit ourselves to be free. Those poor, light-hearted people in the dreadful days of the French Revolution, used to keep up some ghastly mockery of society and cheerfulness in their prisons; and festooned the bars with flowers, and made believe to be carrying on their life freely as they used to do; but for all that, day after day the tumbrils came to the gates, and morning after morning the jailer stood at the door of the dungeons with the fatal list in his hand, and one after another of the triflers was dragged away to death. And so men and women are living a life which they fancy is free, and all the while they are in bondage, held in a prison-house. You, my brother! are chained by guilt; you are chained by sin, you are chained by the habit of evil with a strength of which you never know till you try to shake it off.
And there comes to each of us a mighty Deliverer, who breaks the gates of brass, and who cuts the bars of iron in sunder. Christ comes to us. By His death He has borne away the guilt; by His living Spirit He will bear away the dominion of sin from our hearts; and if the Son will make us free we shall be free indeed. Oh! ponder that deep truth, I pray you, which the Lord Christ has spoken in words that carry conviction in their very simplicity to every conscience: ‘He that committeth sin is the slave of sin.’ And as you feel sometimes-and you all feel sometimes-the catch of the fetter on your wrists when you would fain stretch out your hands to good, listen as to a true gospel to this old word which, in its picturesque imagery, carries a truth that should be life. To us all ‘the Breaker is gone up before us,’ the prison gates are open. Follow His steps, and take the freedom which He gives; and be sure that you ‘stand fast in the liberty wherewith Christ hath made you free, and be not entangled again with any yoke of bondage.’
Men and women! Some of you are the slaves of your own lusts. Some of you are the slaves of the world’s maxims. Some of you are held in bondage by some habit that you abominate, but cannot get away from. Here is freedom for you. The dark walls of the prison are round us all. ‘The Scripture hath shut up all in sin, that He might have mercy upon all.’ Blessed be His name! As the angel came to the sleeping Apostle, and to his light touch the iron gates swung obedient on their hinges, and Roman soldiers who ought to have watched their prey were lulled to sleep, and fetters that held the limbs dropped as if melted; so, silently, in His meek and merciful strength, the Christ comes to us all, and the iron gate which leadeth out into freedom opens of its own accord at His touch, and the fetters fall from our limbs, and we go forth free men. ‘The Breaker is gone up before us.’
II. Again, take another application of this same figure found in Scripture, which sets forth Jesus Christ as being the Opener of the path to God.
For we do not know God as He is except by Jesus Christ. We see fragments, and often distorted fragments, of the divine nature and character apart from Jesus, but the real divine nature as it is, and as it is in its relation to me, a sinner, is only made known to me in the face of Jesus Christ. When we see Him we see God; Christ’s tears are God’s pity, Christ’s gentleness is God’s meekness, Christ’s tender, drawing love is not only a revelation of a most pure and sweet Brother’s heart, but a manifestation through that Brother’s heart of the deepest depths of the divine nature. Christ is the heart of God. Apart from Him, we come to the God of our own consciences and we tremble; we come to the God of our own fancies and we presume; we come to the God dimly guessed at and pieced together from out of the hints and indications of His works, and He is little more than a dead name to us. Apart from Christ we come to a peradventure which we call a God; a shadow through which you can see the stars shining. But we know the Father when we believe in Christ. And so all the clouds rising from our own hearts and consciences and fancies and misconceptions, which we have piled together between God and ourselves, Christ clears away; and thus He opens the path to God.
And He opens it in another way too, on which I cannot dwell. It is only the God manifest in Jesus Christ that draws men’s hearts to Him. The attractive power of the divine nature is ail in Him who has said, ‘I, if I be lifted up, will draw all men unto Me.’ The God whom men know, or think they know, outside of the revelation of divinity in Jesus Christ, is a God before whom they sometimes tremble, who is far more often their terror than their love, who is their ‘ghastliest doubt’ still more frequently than He is their ‘dearest faith.’ But the God that is in Christ woos and wins men to Him, and from His great sweetness there streams out, as it were, a magnetic influence that draws hearts to Him. The God that is in Christ is the only God that humanity ever loved. Other gods they may have worshipped with cowering terror and with far-off lip reverence, but this God has a heart, and wins hearts because He has. So Christ opens the way to Him.
And still further, in a yet higher fashion, that Saviour is the Path-breaker to the Divine Presence, in that He not only makes God known to us, and not only makes Him so known to us as to draw us to Him, but in that likewise He, by the fact of His Cross and passion, has borne and borne away the impediments of our own sin and transgression which rise for ever between us and Him, unless He shall sweep them out of the way. He has made ‘the rough places plain and the crooked things straight’; levelled the mountains and raised the valleys, and cast up across all the wilderness of the world a highway along which ‘the wayfaring man though a fool’ may travel. Narrow understandings may know, and selfish hearts may love, and low-pitched confessions may reach the ear of the God who comes near to us in Christ, that we in Christ may come near to Him. The Breaker is gone up before us; ‘having therefore, brethren, boldness to enter into the holiest of all . . . by a new and living way, which He hath consecrated for us . . . let us draw near with true hearts’
III. Then still further, another modification of this figure is found in the frequent representations of Scripture, by which our Lord is the Breaker, going up before us in the sense that He is the Captain of our life’s march.
And so we connect with all these words of my text such words as designate our Saviour as the Captain of our salvation; such words as His own in which He says, ‘When He putteth forth His sheep He goeth before them’-such words as His Apostle used when he said, ‘Leaving us an ensample that we should follow in His steps.’ And by all there is suggested this-that Christ, who breaks the prison of our sins, and leads us forth on the path to God, marches at the head of our life’s journey, and is our Example and Commander; and Himself present with us through all life’s changes and its sorrows.
Here is the great blessing and peculiarity of Christian morals that they are all brought down to that sweet obligation: ‘Do as I did.’ Here is the great blessing and strength for the Christian life in all its difficulties-you can never go where you cannot see in the desert the footprints, haply spotted with blood, that your Master left there before you, and planting your trembling feet in the prints, as a child might imitate his father’s strides, may learn to recognise that all duty comes to this: ‘Follow Me’; and that all sorrow is calmed, ennobled, made tolerable, and glorified, by the thought that He has borne it.
The Roman matron of the legend struck the knife into her bosom, and handed it to her husband with the words, ‘It is not painful!’ Christ has gone before us in all the dreary solitude, and in all the agony and pains of life. He has hallowed them all, and has taken the bitterness and the pain out of each of them for them that love Him. If we feel that the Breaker is before us, and that we are marching behind Him, then whithersoever He leads us we may follow, and whatsoever He has passed through we may pass through. We carry In His life the all-sufficing pattern of duty. We have in His companionship the all-strengthening consolation. Let us leave the direction of our road in His hands, who never says ‘Go!’ but always ‘Come!’ This General marches in the midst of His battalions and sets His soldiers on no enterprises or forlorn hopes which He has not Himself dared and overcome.
So Christ goes as our Companion before us, the true pillar of fire and cloud in which the present Deity abode, and He is with us in real companionship. Our joyful march through the wilderness is directed, patterned, protected, companioned by Him, and when He ‘putteth forth His own sheep,’ blessed be His name, ‘He goeth before them.’
IV. And now, lastly, there is a final application of this figure which sets forth our Lord as the Breaker for us of the bands of death, and the Forerunner ‘entered for us into the heavens.’
He has trodden that path, too, before us. He has entered into the great prison-house into which the generations of men have been hounded and hurried; and where they lie in their graves, as in their narrow cells. He has entered there; with one blow He has struck the gates from their hinges, and has passed out, and no soul can any longer be shut in as for ever into that ruined and opened prison. Like Samson, He has taken the gates which from of old barred its entrance, and borne them on His strong shoulders to the city on the hill, and now Death’s darts are blunted, his fetters are broken, and his gaol has its doors wide open, and there is nothing for him to do now but to fall upon his sword and to kill himself, for his prisoners are free. ‘Oh, death! I will be thy plague; oh, grave! I will be thy destruction.’ ‘The Breaker has gone up before us’; therefore it is not possible that we should be holden of the impotent chains that He has broken.
The Forerunner is for us entered and passed through the heavens, and entered into the holiest of all. We are too closely knit to Him, if we love Him and trust Him, to make it possible that we shall be where He is not, or that He shall be where we are not. Where He has gone we shall go. In heaven, blessed be His name! He will still be the leader of our progress and the captain at the head of our march. For He crowns all His other work by this, that having broken the prison-house of our sins, and opened for us the way to God, and been the leader and the captain of our march through all the pilgrimage of life, and the opener of the gate of the grave for our joyful resurrection, and the opener of the gate of heaven for our triumphal entrance, He will still as the Lamb that is in the midst of the Throne, go before us, and lead us into green pastures and by the still waters, and this shall be the description of the growing blessedness and power of the saints’ life above, ‘These are they which follow the Lamb whithersoever He goeth.’
Fuente: Expositions Of Holy Scripture by Alexander MacLaren
The breaker = One making a breach. The Assyrian. Hebrew. paratz, as in Exo 19:22, Exo 19:24; 2Sa 5:20. 1Ch 14:11; 1Ch 15:13. Generally in a bad sense.
broken up = broken in.
gone out = gone forth . . . [into captivity].
shall pass = hath passed through.
on = at: for it is Jehovah’s judgment. Compare Mic 1:2-4.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
breaker: Isa 42:7, Isa 42:13-16, Isa 45:1, Isa 45:2, Isa 49:9, Isa 49:24, Isa 49:25, Isa 51:9, Isa 51:10, Isa 55:4, Isa 59:16-19, Jer 51:20-24, Dan 2:34, Dan 2:35, Dan 2:44, Hos 13:14, Zec 12:8, 1Co 15:21-26, Heb 2:14, Heb 2:15
they have: Zec 10:5-7, Zec 10:12, Zec 12:3-8
their: Isa 49:10, Isa 51:12, Isa 52:12, Jer 23:5, Jer 23:6, Eze 34:23, Eze 34:24, Hos 1:11, Hos 3:5, Zec 9:14, Zec 9:15, Joh 10:27-30, Heb 2:9, Heb 2:10, Heb 6:20, Rev 7:17, Rev 17:14, Rev 19:13-17
Reciprocal: Exo 11:4 – will I go Num 33:3 – with an high Deu 9:3 – goeth over Jos 3:6 – Take up Jdg 4:14 – is not Jdg 16:3 – took 1Ch 14:15 – for God 2Ch 20:27 – forefront 2Ch 32:1 – win them Psa 68:7 – thou didst Psa 107:16 – General Isa 24:10 – city Jer 39:2 – was Oba 1:1 – Arise Joh 10:4 – he goeth Rev 20:9 – and compassed
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
CHRIST THE BREAKER
The breaker is come up before them.
Mic 2:13
I make no apology for taking the words as having their only real accomplishment in the office and working of Jesus Christ. He is the Breaker Which is come up before us. He it is that has broken out the path on which we may travel, and in Whom, in a manner which the prophet dreamed not of, the Lord is at the head of us, and our King goes before us. So that my object is simply to take that great name, The Breaker, and to see the manifold ways in which in Scripture it is applied to the various work of Jesus Christ in our redemption.
I. I follow entirely the lead of corresponding passages in other portions of Scripture and, to begin with, I ask you to think of that great work of our Divine Redeemer by which He has broken for the captives the prison-house of their bondage.
II. Take another application of this same figure found in Scripture, which sets forth Jesus Christ as being the Opener of the path to God.For we do not know God as He is except by Jesus Christ. We see fragments, and often distorted fragments, of the Divine nature and character apart from Jesus, but the real Divine nature it is, and as it is in its relation to me, a sinner, is only made known to me in the face of Jesus Christ. When we see Him we see God.
III. Then still another modification of this figure is found in the frequent representations of Scripture, by which our Lord is the Breaker, going up before us in the sense that He is the Captain of our lifes march.We have, in the words of the text, the image of the gladly-gathered people flocking after the Leader. They have broken up, and have passed through the gate, and are gone out by it; and their King shall pass before them, and the Lord on the head of them.
IV. Lastly, there is a final application of this figure which sets forth our Lord as the Breaker for us of the bands of death, and the Forerunner entered for us into the heavens.Christs resurrection is the only solid proof of a future life. Christs present resurrection life is the power by partaking in which, though we were dead, yet shall we live.
He has trodden that path, too, before us. He has entered into the great prison-house into which the generations of men have been hounded and hurried; and where they lie in their graves, as in their narrow cells. He has entered there; with one blow He has struck the gates from their hinges, and has passed out, and no soul can any longer be shut in as for ever into that ruined and opened prison.
Fuente: Church Pulpit Commentary
Mic 2:13. Breaker is said with reference to the Lord because he will use his agency (the Persians) to break through the gates of the city to release His people. Their king means Cyrus who will be the instrument in Gods hands for the delivering of Israel.
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
2:13 The {p} breaker is come up before them: they have broken up, and have passed through the gate, and are gone out by it: and their king shall pass before them, and the LORD {q} on the head of them.
(p) The enemy will break their gates and walls, and lead them into Chaldea.
(q) To drive them forward, and to help their enemies.
Fuente: Geneva Bible Notes
As a shepherd breaks through obstacles and barriers to lead his sheep into pleasant pastures, so Israel’s Good Shepherd will clear the way for His sheep to return to the land (cf. Psa 78:52-53; Psa 80:1). They will break out of their former habitations, pass through the way He opens for them, and leave all parts of the world to return to the Promised Land.
Yahweh would not only function as their Shepherd but also as their (Davidic) King (cf. Isa 6:5). He will lead them as a mighty conqueror and ruler (cf. Isa 33:22; Zep 3:15; Zec 14:9).
"If studied in isolation from the total context of the prophecy, the passage may be understood simply as a prediction of the return from the Captivity. But this is inadequate in view of the broader background of Micah’s concept of the future." [Note: McComiskey, p. 415.]