Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Matthew 20:19
And shall deliver him to the Gentiles to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify [him]: and the third day he shall rise again.
Verse 19. Deliver him to the Gentiles to mock] This was done by Herod and his Roman soldiers. See Lu 23:11.
To scourge, and to crucify] This was done by Pilate, the Roman governor. The punishment of the cross was Roman not Jewish; but the chief priests condemned him to it, and the Romans executed the sentence. How little did they know that they were, by this process, jointly offering up that sacrifice which was to make an atonement for the Gentiles and for the Jews; an atonement for the sin of the whole world? How often may it be literally said, The wrath of man shall praise thee!
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
And shall deliver him to the Gentiles,…. To Pilate, an Heathen governor, and to the Roman officers and soldiers under him; see Joh 18:35.
To mock him, as they did, by putting on him a scarlet robe, platting a crown of thorns, and placing it on his head, and a reed in his hand; and then bowed the knee to him, and cried, hail, king of the Jews!
and to scourge him: as he was by Pilate, at least by his orders: Mark adds, “and spit upon him”; as not only did the Jews in the palace of the high priest, but also the Gentiles, the Roman soldiers, after they had mocked him in the manner before described:
and to crucify him: which, as it was a cruel and shameful death, such as slaves and the worst of malefactors were put to, so it was a Roman one; for which reason, the Jews choose to deliver him into the hands of the Gentiles. The Persic version here adds, “and put him into the grave”: which though it followed his crucifixion, was not done by the Gentiles, but by Joseph of Arimathea, a Jew, and a disciple of Jesus; and that not in a contemptuous, but honourable manner
and the third day he shall rise again: this he said for the comfort of his disciples; but now, though these things were so clearly and distinctly expressed by Christ, and which show his omniscience, and give proof both of his deity and Messiahship, yet Luke observes of the disciples, “that they understood none of these things, and this saying was hid from them, neither knew they the things which were spoken”: the words were plain, the grammatical sense of them was easy, but they could not imagine that they were to be taken literally; which was such a glaring contradiction to their received and rooted principles of the temporal kingdom of the Messiah, and the grandeur of it, that they fancied these expressions carried a mystical, secret meaning in them, which they were not masters of: and certain it is, that what our Lord now said, was so far from destroying, or weakening these prejudices of theirs, that it rather confirmed them in them; particularly, what he said about rising again, which seemed to have put them afresh in mind, and to excite their hopes of this external felicity, as appears from the following case.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
And to crucify ( ). The very word now. The details fall on deaf ears, even the point of the resurrection on the third day.
Fuente: Robertson’s Word Pictures in the New Testament
(19) And the third day he shall rise again.This, as before, came as a sequel of the prediction that seemed so terrible. The Master looked beyond the suffering to the victory over death, but the disciples could not enter into the meaning of the words that spoke of it. St. Luke, indeed (as if he had gathered from some of those who heard them what had been their state of feeling at the time), reports that they understood none of these things, and this saying was hid from them, neither understood they the things that were spoken (Luk. 18:34). All was to them as a dark and dim dream, a cloud upon their Masters soul which time, they imagined, would disperse.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
19. The Gentiles The English word is from the Latin gens, a race. The Greek term , ethnos, is the word whence comes our heathen. The Jews from their own standpoint called other peoples the Gentiles, that is, the nations. Here it specifically designates the Romans.
The parallel passage in Luk 18:33-34, gives the fullest detail of our Lord’s words. But Luke adds: “This saying was hid from them; neither knew they the things which were spoken.” It was a striking instance of the influence of will over the understanding. They wished it otherwise, and would believe it otherwise than our Lord predicted. They saw, and heard, and imagined a great many things that seemed to contradict the natural import of the Lord’s prophecies. They declined, therefore, to accept their literal interpretation.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
“And will deliver him to the Gentiles to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify, and the third day he will be raised up.”
The fact that He must die means that Jesus is aware from the beginning that it will be at the hands of the Romans, for they alone had the power to carry out the death sentence. But here it is spelled out for the first time, as is the fact that His death will be by crucifixion. This would come as no surprise to One who had constantly spoken of taking up the cross. Indeed the whole process simply indicates the normal expectation for a condemned Jewish criminal, mockery, scourging and crucifixion. Jesus would have heard of it being carried out on the followers of Judas the Galilean when He was a lad, and He may well have witnessed such incidents Himself. The only unusual feature, given that He is to be executed, is that He will be raised on the third day. For this see on Mat 16:21. The resurrection of the Suffering Servant is assumed in Isa 53:10-12, and implied in Dan 7:13-14.
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett
19 And shall deliver him to the Gentiles to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify him : and the third day he shall rise again.
Ver. 19. To mock, and to scourge, and to crucify him ] What are all our sufferings to his? and yet we think ourselves undone, if but touched; and in setting forth our calamities, we add, we multiply, we rise in our discourse, like him in the poet, , , , (Aristoph.). I am thrice miserable, nay, ten, twenty, a hundred, a thousand times unhappy. And yet all our sufferings are but as the slivers and chips of that cross, upon which Christ, nay, many Christians, have suffered. In the time of Adrain the emperor 10,000 martyrs are said to have been crucified in the Mount of Ararat, crowned with thorns, and thrust into the sides with sharp darts, after the example of the Lord’s passion. The chief of whom were Achaicus, Heliades, Theodorus, Carcerius, &c. (Acts and Mon.)
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Mat 20:19 . , , , mock, scourge, crucify; all new features, the details of the . Note the parts assigned to the various actors: the Jews condemn, the Gentiles scourge and crucify.
Fuente: The Expositors Greek Testament by Robertson
deliver Him = deliver Him up, as in Mat 20:18.
the third day. See App-148.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Mat 20:19. , to the Gentiles) i.e. to the Roman nation, which was the chief of them all.-, to be mocked) What ignominy! He had, on two previous occasions, foretold His passion less definitely: He now expressly mentions the stripes, the cross, etc., as in ch. Mat 26:2, He does the consummation, namely, His crucifixion.
Fuente: Gnomon of the New Testament
shall deliver: Mat 27:2-10, Mar 15:1, Mar 15:16-20, Luk 23:1-5, Joh 18:28-38, Act 3:13-16, 1Co 15:3-7
to mock: Mat 26:67, Mat 26:68, Mat 27:27-31, Psa 22:7, Psa 22:8, Psa 35:16, Isa 53:3, Mar 14:65, Mar 15:16-20, Mar 15:29-31, Luk 23:11, Joh 19:1-4
the third: Mat 12:40, Mat 16:21, Isa 26:19, Hos 6:2, Luk 24:46, 1Co 15:4
Reciprocal: Mat 10:17 – scourge Mat 26:2 – betrayed Mat 26:32 – I am Mat 27:26 – scourged Mat 27:29 – platted Mat 27:31 – and led Mat 27:63 – After Mat 28:6 – as Mar 9:31 – The Son Mar 15:15 – when Mar 15:19 – they smote Luk 9:44 – for Luk 17:25 – must Luk 23:33 – they crucified Luk 24:6 – remember Luk 24:44 – These Joh 18:4 – knowing Joh 18:32 – the saying Act 4:27 – the people Act 21:11 – and shall Heb 11:36 – mockings Heb 12:2 – endured
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
0:19
The Jews could condemn a man to death but they did not have the authority to execute it (Joh 18:31). That is why they had to take their cases to the Roman or secular courts (here called the Gentiles) to get such a sentence carried out.
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
Verse 19
And shall deliver him to the Gentiles; to the Roman government; not having authority themselves to put him to death. For the fulfilment, see Matthew 27:1,2.
Fuente: Abbott’s Illustrated New Testament
20:19 {4} And shall deliver him to the Gentiles to mock, and to scourge, and to crucify [him]: and the third day he shall rise again.
(4) The shame of the cross is the sure way to the glory of everlasting life.