Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Exodus 34:22
And thou shalt observe the feast of weeks, of the firstfruits of wheat harvest, and the feast of ingathering at the year’s end.
22. See on Exo 23:16. Feast of weeks is a name derived (see Deu 16:9) from the ‘seven weeks’ the average duration of harvest-time by which this feast followed the commencement of harvest. The same expression is used in Deu 16:10; Deu 16:16, 2Ch 8:13 .
hold thee ] See on Exo 12:47. So Deu 16:13.
close ] lit. circuit, i.e. completed circuit; Ges. ( Thes.) ‘ ad (post) decursum anni.’ So Exo 1Sa 1:20 (lit. at the (completed) circuit of days), also, in all probability, of the feast of weeks at the close of the year (notice in v. 21 ‘the yearly sacrifice,’ lit. the sacrifice of days, of the same feast 1 [222] ): the word occurs also in Psa 19:6 [Hebrews 7 ], 2Ch 24:23 ; cf. the cognate verb in Isa 29:1 ‘let the feasts go round,’ i.e. complete their circuit.
[222] The words ‘that [Heb. and ] Hannah conceived’ in v. 20 are almost certainly misplaced, and should stand at the beginning of the verse: ‘And Hannah conceived; and it came to pass, at the close of the days (i.e. of the year), that she bare a son.’
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
The feast of weeks, i.e. which is numbered by weeks being just seven weeks after the passover, whence it is called pentecost, i.e. the fiftieth day, to wit, after the passover. See Lev 23:15; 25:8.
The first-fruits of wheat harvest; so this is a designation of the time and business of the feast of weeks.
The feast of ingathering, to wit, of the fruits of the earth.
The years end; so it was in regard of the jubilee and civil contracts.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
And thou shalt observe the feast of weeks,…. The feast of Pentecost, called the feast of weeks, because seven sabbaths or weeks, or fifty days, were to be reckoned from the day in the passover feast, on which the sheaf of the wave offering was brought,
Le 23:15 and which was also called the feast
of the first fruits of wheat harvest, to distinguish it from the barley harvest, at the time of the passover, when a sheaf of barley was the wave offering to the Lord; but at this two loaves or cakes of fine wheaten flour were brought as the first fruits of the wheat harvest, see Le 23:17
and the feast of ingathering at the year’s end; which was the feast of tabernacles, called the feast of ingathering, because at this time all the fruits of the earth, the corn, wine, and oil, and all others were gathered in; and this was at the close of the old year, and at the beginning of the new, according to the ancient account, which made Tisri or September the first month in the year;
[See comments on Ex 23:16].
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
Verse 22:
7. The Feast of Pentecost must be observed annually.
This verse does not designate three separate festivals. In reality, the feast of weeks is the same as the firstfruits of wheat harvest, Le 23:17; Nu 28:26.
8. the Feast of Tabernacles must also be observed. The command to observe this festival, as well as Pentecost, is in Ex 23:16.
Fuente: Garner-Howes Baptist Commentary
(22) The feast of weeks.Called in Exo. 23:16, the feast of harvest, and in the New Testament the day of Pentecostseven weeks after the first day of unleavened bread. (See Note 1 on Exo. 23:16.) The special offering to be made at the feast consisted of two wave loaves of fine flour, baken with leaven (Lev. 23:17), which were the first-fruits of the wheat harvest.
And the feast of ingathering.Called also the feast of tabernacles (Lev. 23:34; Deu. 16:13; Deu. 16:16; Deu. 31:10, &c.), on account of the command to dwell in booths seven days during its continuance (Lev. 23:42). On the character of the festival see Note 2 on Exo. 23:16.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
This is the second of the great Jewish feasts; the feast of Pentecost; here called the feast of weeks. See Act 2:1 . And the third is, that of the ingathering of the fruits.
Fuente: Hawker’s Poor Man’s Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Exo 34:22 And thou shalt observe the feast of weeks, of the firstfruits of wheat harvest, and the feast of ingathering at the year’s end.
Ver. 22. And thou shalt observe. ] See Exo 23:16 .
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
feast of weeks: Exo 23:16, Num 28:16-31, Num 29:12-39, Deu 16:10-15, Joh 7:2, Act 2:1
year’s end: Heb. revolution of the year
Reciprocal: Exo 23:14 – General Lev 23:2 – the feasts Lev 23:10 – and shall Lev 23:15 – General Lev 23:17 – the firstfruits Lev 23:24 – a memorial Lev 23:34 – The fifteenth Num 28:26 – in the day Deu 16:9 – General Deu 16:13 – the feast Deu 16:16 – Three times 2Ch 31:5 – came abroad Act 20:16 – the day
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
34:22 And thou shalt observe the feast of weeks, of the firstfruits of wheat harvest, and the feast of ingathering {g} at the year’s end.
(g) Which was in September, when the days got shorter, that is, the end of their calendar year.