Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Luke 22:37
For I say unto you, that this that is written must yet be accomplished in me, And he was reckoned among the transgressors: for the things concerning me have an end.
37 . he was reckoned among the transgressors ] A quotation from Isa 53:12 . Hence clearly the sword could not be for His defence, as they carelessly assumed.
for ] Rather, for indeed.
have an end ] The end (telos) was drawing near; it would come on the following day ( Tetelestai, Joh 19:30).
This that is written – See the notes at Isa 53:12. Was reckoned among the transgressors – Not reckoned as a transgressor, but among or with them – that is, he was treated as transgressors are. He was put to death in their company, and as he would have been if he had been a transgressor. He was innocent, holy, harmless, and undefiled, Heb 7:26. God knew this always, and could not think of him, or make him to be otherwise than he was; yet it pleased him to bruise him, and to give him into the hands of people who did reckon him as a transgressor, and who treated him accordingly. Have an end – This may either mean, shall be surely accomplished, or they are about to be fulfilled, or are now fulfilled. The former is probably the meaning, denoting that every prophecy in regard to him would certainly be accomplished. Verse 37. Must yet be accomplished] Probably meaning that, though this prophecy did refer to some particular matter in the time of the prophet, yet it farther () related to Christ, and could not have its complete accomplishment but in his crucifixion as a criminal. For the things concerning me have an end.] As if he had said, My work is now almost done; yours is only beginning; I am now about to be crucified and numbered with the transgressors; think what will be done to you, and what ought to be done by you; and then think if this be a time for you to be contending with each other. Lightfoot. 37. the things concerning medecreedand written. have an endare rapidlydrawing to a close. For I say unto you, that this that is written,…. In
Isa 53:12
must yet be accomplished; it having not been as yet; at least not so perfectly fulfilled:
and he was reckoned among the transgressors. The Syriac and Arabic versions read in the first person, “and I shall be reckoned”, c. and so the Persic version, “that I may be numbered”, c. and the Ethiopic renders it, “and the Lord Jesus is numbered with sinners” neither right: for the words are a proper citation from Isa 53:12 which, as the whole prophecy belongs to the Messiah, was fulfilled in Jesus who, though he was no transgressor, yet being in the likeness of sinful flesh, and dwelling among, and conversing with sinners, was traduced as one, and was joined with Barabbas, a murderer, a thief, and a robber, and put up with him for the people to choose which of the two they would have released; and was at last crucified between two thieves; and more than this, being in the legal place, and stead of his people, and having their sins laid upon him, and imputed to him, he was made and accounted, by imputation, not only a sinner, but sin itself; and as such, was considered in the eye of the law, and by the justice of God, and was treated accordingly; [See comments on Mr 15:28]
for the things concerning me have an end. The Syriac version renders it, “all of them”; or “the whole of it”, as the Ethiopic version; all that were concerning him; all the counsels, purposes, and decrees of God, relating to his sufferings and death; to the manner in which his death was brought about, by one of his disciples betraying him; to the several indignities he should be used with, by Herod, Pontius Pilate, the Jews, and Roman soldiers; and to his death itself; all which were by the determinate counsel, and foreknowledge of God, and now were about to have, and quickly had their fulfilling end; as also all his own covenant engagements and agreements he entered into with his Father, to bear the sins of many, to make his soul an offering for sin, to be numbered with transgressors, and pour out his soul unto death; and likewise all the types and shadows of the law, all sacrifices in general, and the daily sacrifice in particular, with the passover, brazen serpent, and other things, even the whole law, both moral and ceremonial, had their full and final accomplishment in him; together with all the prophecies of the Old Testament relating to this matter, particularly Ge 3:15.
Have an end [ ] . The phrase is synonymous with be accomplished telesqhnai, Rev., fulfilled). In classical Greek this latter word is often used of the fulfilment of an oracle : also of things which are settled beyond controversy. The two expressions here give the two meanings. The prophecy is fulfilled; the things concerning me are finally settled. 39 – 46. Compare Mt 26:30, 36 – 46; Mr 14:26, 32 – 42.
1) “For I say unto you,” (lego gar humin) “For I tell you all.”
2) “That this that is written must yet be accomplished in me.” (hoti touto to gegrammenon de telesthenai en emoi) “That this (prophecy) that has been written must be finished in me,” that all prophecies of me must be fulfilled, Luk 24:25-27; Luk 24:44-45.
3) “And he was reckoned among the transgressors:” (to kai meta anomon elogisthe) “And he was reckoned (for judgment) with lawless men,” criminals, transgressors, breakers of Divine, moral, and ethical principles. He was computed or calculated to be identified with them in His passion and death for all men, Isa 53:9; Isa 53:12; Mar 15:28.
4) “For the things concerning me have no end.” (kai gar to peri emou telos echei) “For certainly the thing (prophesied) concerning me has an end purpose,” is to be fulfilled or finished, Tit 2:14; Hab 2:8; Hab 2:14; 2Co 5:21.
37. That this also which is written must be accomplished in me. This adverb also is emphatic; for Christ means, that he had not yet discharged every part of his office, till he had been ranked with ungodly and wicked men, as if he had been one of their class. But that their minds might not be too much disturbed by the baseness of such a transaction, he quotes a prediction of Isaiah, (Isa 53:12) which, it is certain, cannot be explained but as referring to the Messiah. Now since it is there said that he was to be reckoned among transgressors, such a spectacle, however atrocious, ought not to alarm believers, or to alienate them from Christ, who could not have been their Redeemer in any other way than by taking upon himself the shame and disgrace of a wicked man. For nothing is better adapted to remove grounds of offense, when we are alarmed by any strange occurrence, than to acknowledge that it so pleases God, and that whatever takes place by his appointment is not done rashly, or without a good reason; more especially when that which is made evident by the event itself was anciently predicted. Since, then, the disciples ought to expect a Redeemer such as God had formerly promised, and since Isaiah had expressly declared, that in order that he might deliver us from the guilt of offenses the punishment must be laid on him, (Isa 53:5,) this ought to be sufficient for abating the horror of the disciples, and for preventing them from entertaining less esteem for Christ.
For those things which relate to me have an end. By these words, immediately added, he means that the prophets spoke nothing in vain. For this Greek phrase, τέλος ἔχει, have an end; means that they are accomplished, or put in effect. Now when every thing that the prophets spoke is verified by the event, it ought rather to contribute to strengthen our faith, than to strike us with alarm or anxiety. But while Christ encourages and comforts the disciples by this single argument, that all the predictions must be accomplished, the very procedure of the divine purpose contains within itself no ordinary ground of confidence, which is, that Christ was subjected to the condemnation which we deserved, and was reconciled among transgressors, that we, who are transgressors, and loaded with crimes, might be presented by him to the Father as righteous. For we are reckoned pure and free from sins before God, because the Lamb, who was pure and free from every blemish, was placed in our room, as we shah have occasion to state again under the next chapter.
(37) And he was reckoned among the transgressors.Literally, the lawless ones, or, breakers of the law. The distinct reference to the words of Isa. 53:12 is remarkable as showing that the picture of the righteous sufferer in that chapter had all along been present, if we may so speak, to our Lords thoughts as that which He Himself had to realise. It was, as it were, a hint given to the disciples before the Passion, that they might learn, when it came, that it was part of the divine purpose that the Christ should so suffer; not singled out for the honour of a martyrs death, but hurried as a malefactor, with other malefactors, to the death of the rebel or the robber.
37. For must yet be accomplished The event which takes me away from you is at hand.
Have an end The fulfilment of the divine prediction, the complement of the divine order, is coming to a completion.
“For I say to you, that this which is written must be fulfilled in me, ‘And he was reckoned with transgressors’, for that which concerns me has fulfilment.”
And this was because what the Scriptures had said about the Servant of the Lord in Isaiah 53 must this night be fulfilled in Him. He must be reckoned among the transgressors (Isa 53:12). He must go forward to an unjust death, rejected by men and bruised by God. And there He must offer Himself up as a guilt offering for the sins of men (Isa 53:7; Isa 53:10), bearing as a result their transgressions and iniquities (Isa 53:8; Isa 53:11), and as a consequence putting many in the right so that they could be accounted righteous (Isa 53:11). Indeed this was the divine necessity, and it must have fulfilment, and that fulfilment was about to take place in Him. Note the twofold stress on its fulfilment. What was to happen was ordained by God.
Strictly speaking this quotation should have awakened them to what was happening. They would know Isaiah 53 well enough, and we cannot doubt that Jesus had drawn it to their attention (compare Act 8:32-35). They must often have wondered at the sufferings of the one described there. And He had constantly warned them of what was to happen to Him. They should have put the two together. But they were so unready to accept that such consequences could come on Jesus that they just could not comprehend it.
37 For I say unto you, that this that is written must yet be accomplished in me, And he was reckoned among the transgressors: for the things concerning me have an end.
Ver. 37. For the things concerning me ] i.e. Concerning my state of humiliation.
37. ] The connexion is this: ‘Your situation among men will be one of neglect and even of danger; for I myself (see Mat 10:24-25 ) am about to be reckoned among transgressors.’
By the very form of the expression it is evident, that the sword alluded to could have no reference to that night’s danger , or the defending Him from it .
. ] The prophecy cited closes the section of Isaiah, which eminently predicts the Lord’s sufferings (ch. Isa 52:13 to Isa 53:12 ).
supply , or perhaps more generally, ‘determined in the counsel of God.’
does not merely mean ‘ must be fulfilled ,’ which would be an assertion without any special reference here but (as E. V.) have an end; are coming to the completion of their accomplishment. So , Joh 19:30 .
Luk 22:37 . : the words quoted are from Isa 53:12 , and mean that Jesus was about to die the death of a criminal. , it is necessary, in order that Scripture might be fulfilled . No other or higher view than this of the rationale of Christ’s sufferings is found in Luke’s Gospel. Cf. Luk 24:26 . A Paulinist in his universalism, he shows no acquaintance with St. Paul’s theology of the atonement unless it be in Luk 22:20 . ( T.R.) , that which concerns me, my life course. is coming to an end. Some think the reference is still to the prophecies concerning Messiah and take in the sense of “is being fulfilled,” a sense it sometimes bears: , Euthy. Kypke renders: rata sunt , the phrase being sometimes used in reference to things whose certainty and authority cannot be questioned = “my doom is fixed beyond recall”
is written = standeth written. See Isa 53:12,
among = with. Greek. meta. App-104.
concerning. Greek. peri. App-104.
37.] The connexion is this: Your situation among men will be one of neglect and even of danger;-for I myself (see Mat 10:24-25) am about to be reckoned among transgressors.
By the very form of the expression it is evident, that the sword alluded to could have no reference to that nights danger, or the defending Him from it.
. ] The prophecy cited closes the section of Isaiah, which eminently predicts the Lords sufferings (ch. Isa 52:13 to Isa 53:12).
-supply , or perhaps more generally, determined in the counsel of God.
does not merely mean must be fulfilled, which would be an assertion without any special reference here-but (as E. V.) have an end;-are coming to the completion of their accomplishment. So , Joh 19:30.
Luk 22:37. ) even yet this last [crowning accomplishment of prophecy], after so many others.-) Mar 15:28, note.[242]-, and) This last step presupposes all the others.- , the things which have been written concerning Me) viz. the things which have been written concerning the Messiah, as about to suffer: comp. ch. Luk 24:27, at the end.- , have their consummation or end) have obtained their consummation. Just before we have , must be accomplished or consummated. The latter, the act (), has reference to men, among whom it is done; the former, the consummation (), has reference to the matter of fact. See Rom 10:4 [Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth; ].
[242] , more forcible than the LXX. Isa 53:12, : He suffered Himself to be numbered with transgressors, as if He were one of them, through the imputation of their sins to Him, not merely among transgressors.-E. and T.
this: Luk 22:22, Luk 18:31, Luk 24:44-46, Mat 26:54-56, Joh 10:35, Joh 19:28-30, Act 13:27-29
And he: Luk 23:32, Isa 53:12, Mar 15:27, Mar 15:28, 2Co 5:21, Gal 3:13
Reciprocal: Mat 4:14 – it Mat 24:6 – must Mat 27:38 – General Mar 14:49 – but Luk 20:17 – What Act 2:23 – being Rev 17:17 – to fulfil
7
This verse was to show why the apostles would have to go on without the personal presence of Jesus; he was going to be taken from them. Things concerning me hath an end, means the things predicted of Him (including his death) were to be fulfilled to the end, or to be fully accomplished.
For I say unto you, that this that is written must yet be accomplished in me, And he was reckoned among the transgressors: for the things concerning me have an end.
[For the things concerning me have an end.] That is, “My business is done, yours is but beginning. While I was present, the children of the bridechamber had no reason to weep; but when I am taken away, and numbered amongst the transgressors, think what will be done to you, and what ought to be done by you; and then think if this be a time for you to be contending with one another.”
Luk 22:37. For I say to you, etc. The course of reasoning is: If the Master is to be reckoned among the transgressors, and this will be the case, since this prophecy of Isaiah must be fulfilled, then you, my disciples, may well expect such perils. Notice, our Lord speaks of His position among malefactors as something which must be. That the sinless one was thus reckoned was no accident. The allusion to the sword had no reference to defending Him from what was coming upon Him; that must come: for that which concerneth me, i.e., written or determined concerning me, hath a fufilment, or end. Everything written of the Messiah must be completely fulfilled, and this completion is approaching. The coming of this end proves that the prophecy cited (which our Lord expressly applies to Himself), will be speedily fulfilled.
Jesus quoted Isa 53:12 to help His disciples realize that others would regard Him as a criminal. Therefore it would be very difficult for His disciples. They would face intense opposition, as Peter experienced in the high priest’s courtyard. Jesus did not want them to underestimate the strength of the opposition that they would face so they would depend on God and not on themselves to remain faithful.
"At this point Christ emphatically applies to Himself a portion of Isaiah 53. Therefore, to deny that the fifty-third chapter of Isaiah predicts Christ’s passion is to contradict the Savior’s own interpretation of the prophecy." [Note: The New Scofield . . ., p. 1116.]
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
Fuente: Vincent’s Word Studies in the New Testament
Fuente: Garner-Howes Baptist Commentary
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Fuente: Henry Alford’s Greek Testament
Fuente: The Expositors Greek Testament by Robertson
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Fuente: The Greek Testament
Fuente: Gnomon of the New Testament
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
Fuente: Lightfoot Commentary Gospels
Fuente: A Popular Commentary on the New Testament
Fuente: Expository Notes of Dr. Constable (Old and New Testaments)