Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Acts 17:11
These were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so.
11. more noble ] Applied first to nobility of birth (which is the primary sense of nobilis), the word in its secondary sense implies, as here, nobility of character.
received the word ] i.e. the word of God. It was the same teaching which had been given to the Jews in Thessalonica. This we see because the Berans go to the O. T. Scriptures to examine into the truth of what they hear. Here we have a noteworthy instance of the right of private judgment. Even an Apostle’s word is not to be taken for granted. The noble Berans were ready to listen, and then diligent to examine into the grounds of what was said.
and searched the scriptures ] The word is not the same as in the well-known passage Joh 5:39. The present verb has more the sense of examining and sifting evidence. It was used in Attic law of the steps taken by the lawyers to see whether an action would lie.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
These were more noble – eugenesteroi. This literally means more noble by birth; descended from more illustrious ancestors. But here the word is used to denote a quality of mind and heart. They were more generous, liberal, and noble in their feelings; more disposed to inquire candidly into the truth of the doctrines advanced by Paul and Silas. It is always proof of a noble, liberal, and ingenuous disposition to be willing to examine into the truth of any doctrine presented. The writer refers here particularly to the Jews.
In that – Because.
They received the word … – They listened attentively and respectfully to the gospel. They did not reject and spurn it as unworthy of examination. This is the first particular in which they were more noble than those in Thessalonica.
And searched the scriptures – That is, the Old Testament. See the notes on Joh 5:39. The apostles always affirmed that the doctrines which they maintained respecting the Messiah were in accordance with the Jewish scriptures. The Bereans made diligent and earnest inquiry in respect to this, and were willing to ascertain the truth.
Daily – Not only on the Sabbath, and in the synagogue, but they made it a daily employment. It is evident from this that they had the Scriptures; and this is one proof that Jewish families would, if possible, obtain the oracles of God.
Whether those things were so – Whether the doctrines stated by Paul and Silas were in accordance with the Scriptures. The Old Testament they received as the standard of truth, and whatever could be shown to be in accordance with that, they received. On this verse we may remark:
(1) That it is proof of true nobleness and liberality of mind to be willing to examine the proofs of the truth of religion. What the friends of Christianity have had most cause to lament and regret is, that so many are unwilling to examine its claims; that they spurn it as unworthy of serious thought, and condemn it without hearing.
(2) The Scriptures should be examined daily. If we wish to arrive at the truth, they should be the object of constant study. That man has very little reason to expect that he will grow in knowledge and grace who does not peruse, with candor and with prayer, a portion of the Bible every day.
(3) The constant searching of the Scriptures is the best way to keep the mind from error. He who does not do it daily may expect to be carried about with every wind of doctrine, and to have no settled opinions.
(4) The preaching of ministers should be examined by the Scriptures. Their doctrines are of no value unless they accord with the Bible. Every preacher should expect his doctrines to be examined in this way, and to be rejected if they are not in accordance with the Word of God. The church, in proportion to its increase in purity and knowledge, will feel this more and more; and it is an indication of advance in piety when people are increasingly disposed to examine everything by the Bible. How immensely important, then, is it that the young should be trained up to diligent habits of searching the Word of God. And how momentous is the obligation of parents, and of Sunday school teachers, to inculcate just views of the interpretation of the Bible, and to form the habits of the rising generation, so that they shall be disposed and enabled to examine every doctrine by the sacred oracles. The purity of the church depends on the extension of the spirit of the nobleminded Bereans, and that spirit is to be extended in a very considerable degree by the instrumentality of Sunday schools.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Verse 11. These were more noble than those in Thessalonica] , Were of a better race, extraction, or birth, than those at Thessalonica; but the word refers more to their conduct, as a proof of their better disposition, than to their birth, or any peculiar lineal nobility. It was a maxim among the Jews, that “none was of a noble spirit who did not employ himself in the study of the law.” It appears that the Bereans were a better educated and more polished people than those at Thessalonica; in consequence far from persecuting:
1. They heard the doctrine of the Gospel attentively.
2. They received this doctrine with readiness of mind: when the evidence of its truth appeared to them sufficiently convincing, they had too much dignity of mind to refuse their assent, and too much ingenuousness to conceal their approbation.
3. They searched the Scriptures, i.e. of the Old Testament, to see whether these thing were so: to see whether the promises and types corresponded with the alleged fulfilment in the person, works, and sufferings of Jesus Christ.
4. They continued in this work; they searched the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
The Jews of Berea did excel those of Thessalonica, not so much in birth as in disposition: they were not so prejudiced and obstinate; they patiently heard Paul; they seriously thought upon what he had said, and compared it with the Scriptures. And thus God gave them the preparation of the heart; and they brought their empty vessels. No wonder then that the oil of grace ran into them, and filled them. The Jews call their learned men, the sons of nobles; and according to that expression, these Bereans, that had acted so ingenuously and wisely, were said to be more noble.
Searched the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so: truth dares abide the test; only false wares need a dark shop to put them off in. The Scriptures only are our infallible rule; for they come from God, 2Ti 3:16, who cannot lie, Tit 1:2.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
11. These were more noble than thosein ThessalonicaThe comparison is between the Jews ofthe two places; for the triumphs of the Gospel at Thessalonica weremostly among the Gentiles. See on Ac17:2-4.
in that they received theword with all readiness of mindheard it not only withoutprejudice, but with eager interest, “in an honest and goodheart” (Lu 8:17), withsincere desire to be taught aright (see Joh7:17). Mark the “nobility” ascribed to this state ofmind.
searched the scriptures dailywhether those things were sowhether the Christianinterpretation which the apostle put upon the Old TestamentScriptures was the true one.
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
These were more noble than those in Thessalonica,…. That is, the Jews at Berea were more noble than the Jews in Thessalonica, as the Syriac version expresses it; for the comparison is not between the native inhabitants of Berea and Thessalonica, but between the Jews that dwelt in these places: and the one being “more noble” than the other, does not refer to their birth, lineage, and descent, as in 1Co 1:26 few such were called; and besides, both sorts were Jews, and of the same descent; and as for the proselytes in both places, there were some of the chief and honourable women converted in each: but to their minds, dispositions, and manners; the one were more candid, and ingenuous, and open to conviction and susceptive of the word, than the other; and used the apostles with better manners, with more mildness and gentleness, willing to hear what they had to say, without contradicting and blaspheming, and to examine with patience and candour what they delivered. Not that there is in any man, nor was there in those men naturally a disposition to attend to, and regard the Gospel of Christ; for there is a natural enmity in the minds of men to it, and with them it is folly and nonsense; nor are there any previous dispositions in the minds of men qualifying them for the grace of God; nor is anything of this kind a reason why some, and not others, are called by grace, for all are children of wrath, and none better than others; but this more noble disposition of mind and conduct was owing to the grace of God bestowed upon them; and which showed itself in the following instance:
in that they received the word with all readiness; or “who received”, c. which is a character, not of the Thessalonian Jews, as some think though it is true of them that they received the word with joy of the Holy Ghost, and not as the word of man, but as the word of God, it coming to them not in word only, but in power, 1Th 1:5 but of the Beran Jews, who exceeded them, who showed at once a readiness and eager desire to attend the Gospel, and embrace it. This is to be understood not of the essential word Christ; though as it is true of him, that he is the word, and he is said to be received, and that readily and willingly, so these Bereans did receive him by faith, they believed in him, and made a profession of him; nor of the written word, for that is designed by the Scriptures, which they searched daily, and by which they examined, tried, and judged of the word they received; but of the word spoken by the apostle, the word of truth, the Gospel of salvation: this they received into their understandings, not merely notionally, so as to give their assent to it; but spiritually and experimentally, so as to feel the power, and enjoy the comfort of it, their understandings being opened by the Spirit of God for this purpose; otherwise the Gospel is unknown unto, and rejected by the natural man: they received the love of the truth, or the word of truth into their affections, not with a mere carnal flashy affection, arising from a principle of self-love; but with a spiritual affection of the Holy Ghost, with real solid gladness, it bringing the good news of salvation by Christ to them who saw themselves miserable, and undone: they received it into their hearts, so that it had a place there, and worked effectually in them: they believed it, not with a mere historical faith, but from the heart obeyed this form of doctrine delivered to them; and this they did with all readiness, as an hungry man receives his food, and greedily feeds upon it, or as a man ready to perish receives and lays hold on anything that offers for his safety.
And searched the Scriptures daily whether those things were so: they did not dispute with, and cavil at the apostle, as the Thessalonian Jews first did, Ac 17:2 nor did they receive the word, right or wrong, or with an implicit faith; but they immediately betook themselves to reading and searching the writings of the Old Testament, to see whether the things which the apostle preached, concerning the Messiah, his incarnation, obedience, sufferings, death, and resurrection from the dead, were agreeable to them, or no; determining, if they were not, to reject them, but if they were, to embrace them, as they did; see Joh 5:39 and this they did continually day after day. They were neither backward to hear and receive the word, nor slothful to examine it.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
More noble than those ( ). Comparative form of , old and common adjective, but in N.T. only here and Luke 19:12; 1Cor 1:26. Followed by ablative case as often after the comparative.
With all readiness of mind ( ). Old word from (, ) and means eagerness, rushing forward. In the N.T. only here and 2Cor 8:11-19; 2Cor 9:2. In Thessalonica many of the Jews out of pride and prejudice refused to listen. Here the Jews joyfully welcomed the two Jewish visitors.
Examining the Scriptures daily (‘ ). Paul expounded the Scriptures daily as in Thessalonica, but the Beroeans, instead of resenting his new interpretation, examined ( means to sift up and down, make careful and exact research as in legal processes as in Acts 4:9; Acts 12:19, etc.) the Scriptures for themselves. In Scotland people have the Bible open on the preacher as he expounds the passage, a fine habit worth imitating.
Whether these things were so ( ). Literally, “if these things had it thus.” The present optative in the indirect question represents an original present indicative as in Lu 1:29 (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 1043f.). This use of with the optative may be looked at as the condition of the fourth class (undetermined with less likelihood of determination) as in Acts 17:27; Acts 20:16; Acts 24:19; Acts 27:12 (Robertson, Grammar, p. 1021). The Beroeans were eagerly interested in the new message of Paul and Silas but they wanted to see it for themselves. What a noble attitude. Paul’s preaching made Bible students of them. The duty of private interpretation is thus made plain (Hovey).
Fuente: Robertson’s Word Pictures in the New Testament
Searched. Or examined. See on Luk 23:14.
Fuente: Vincent’s Word Studies in the New Testament
1) “These were more noble than,” (houtoi de esan eugenesteroi) “Then these (Jews of Berea) were more noble than,” more noble in attitude or disposition toward Paul’s reasoning and preaching from the Scriptures, as he had done in Thessalonica, Act 17:2-4; Isa 1:18.
2) “Those in Thessalonica,” (ton en Thessalonike) “Those who were in Thessalonica,” those Jews back in Thessalonica, Act 17:5-9. The comparison is only between Jews of the two places for the Gospel acceptance was as great in Thessalonica as in Berea.
3) “In that they received the word with all readiness of mind,” (oitines edeksanto ton logon meta pasea prothunias) “Who received the word with all eagerness,” open minds and ears, with an wholesome attitude, an open mind, Heb 11:6; Rom 10:17; Joh 5:39.
4) “And searched the scriptures daily,” (to kath’ hemeran analrinontes tas graphs) “And they were daily examining the scriptures,” a matter admonished of the Lord, for the Jews, Joh 5:39; Isa 34:16; Luk 24:44-46.
5) “Whether those things were so.” (ei echoi tauta houtos) “Whether these things (asserted or taught by Paul and Silas) were so,” true or in harmony with the scriptures, the law, prophets, and Psalms, Isa 8:20; Luk 16:29; Luk 16:31. They were honest inquirers, searchers, for truth, not just curious, Jer 29:13.
Fuente: Garner-Howes Baptist Commentary
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11. Did excel in nobility. Luke returneth again unto the men of Thessalonica. The remembrance of Christ might have been thought to have been buried by the departure of Paul, and surely it is a wonder that that small light, which began to shine, was not quite put out, and that the seed of sound doctrine did not wither away, which had need continually to be watered that it might spring up. But after Paul’s departure, it appeareth how effectual and fruitful his preaching had been. For those who had only tasted of the first principles of godliness do nevertheless profit and go forward, though he be absent, and exercise themselves in the continual reading of the Scripture. And, first, Luke saith that they were of the chief families. For the nobility whereof he maketh mention is referred not unto the mind, but unto the nation. Some think that the men of Berea are compared with the men of Thessalonica, because he saith [ ευγενεστερους ], and not in the superlative degree [ ευγενεστατους ]. But I think that that manner of speech is usual and common among the Grecians, which the Latins could not so well digest. − (260) Moreover, he had said a little before, that certain principal women believed at Thessalonica, and it is not to be thought that the men of Berea were preferred before those of this city. And there is a threefold reason why Luke maketh mention of their excellency of birth. We know how hardly men came down from their high degress, what a rare matter it is for those who are great in the world to undertake the reproach of the cross, laying away their pride, and rejoice in humility, as James commandeth, ( Jas 1:10.) −
Therefore Luke commendeth the rare efficacy and working of the Spirit of God, when he saith that these noblemen were no whit hindered by the dignity of the flesh, but that embracing the gospel, they prepared themselves to bear the cross, and preferred the reproach of Christ before the glory of the world. Secondly, Luke meant to make known the glory of the world. Secondly, Luke meant to make known unto us, that the grace of Christ standeth open for all orders and degrees. In which sense Paul saith, that God would have all men saved, ( 1Ti 2:4😉 lest the poor and those who are base do shut the gate against the rich, (though Christ did vouchsafe them the former place.) Therefore we see that noblemen, and those who are of the common sort, − (261) are gathered together, that those who are men of honor, and which are despised, grow together into one body of the Church, that all men, in general, may humble themselves, and extol the grace of God. Thirdly, Luke seemeth to note the cause why there were so many added, and the kingdom of Christ was, in such short time, so spread abroad and enlarged at Thessalonica; to wit, because that was no small help, that chief men, and men of honor, did show other men the way, because the common sort is for the most part moved by authority. And though this were no meet stay for faith and godliness, yet is it no strange thing for God to bring the unbelievers (who wander as yet in error) to himself, by crooked and byways. − (262) −
Received the word. This is the first thing which he commendeth in the men of Thessalonica, that with a willing and ready desire they received the gospel. Secondly, that they confirmed their faith − (263) by diligent inquisition; so that their faith and godliness are commended in the beginning for forwardness, − (264) and in process they are praised for their constancy and fervent desire they had to profit. And surely this is the first entrance into faith that we be ready to follow, and that, abandoning the understanding and wisdom of the flesh, − (265) we submit ourselves to Christ, by him to be taught and to obey him. Also Paul himself, in adorning the Thessalonians with this title, doth agree with Saint Luke, ( 1Th 2:13.) −
As touching the second member, this diligence is no small virtue, whereunto Luke saith the faithful were much given for confirmation of their faith. For many who at the first break out − (266) give themselves straightway to idleness, while that they have no care to profit, and so lose that small seed − (267) which they had at the first. −
But two inconveniences − (268) may be in this place objected; for it seemeth to be a point of arrogancy in that they inquire that they may judge; and it seemeth to be a thing altogether disagreeing with that readiness whereof he spake of late; secondly, forasmuch as inquisitions is a sign of doubtfulness, it followeth that they were before endued with no faith, which hath always assurance and certainty joined and linked with it. Unto the first objection I answer, that Luke’s words ought not so to be understood, as if the Thessalonians took upon them to judge, or as though they disputed whether the truth of God were to be received; they did only examine Paul’s doctrine by the rule and square of the Scripture, even as gold is tried in the fire; for the Scripture is the true touchstone whereby all doctrines must be tried. If any man say that this kind of trial is doubtful, forasmuch as the Scripture is oftentimes doubtful, and is interpreted divers ways, I say, that we must also add judgment of the Spirit, who is, not without cause, called the Spirit of discretion, [discernment.] But the faithful must judge of every doctrine no otherwise then out of, and according to, the Scriptures, having the Spirit for their leader and guide. And by this means is refuted that sacrilegious quip [quibble] of the Papists, Because there can be nothing gathered certainly out of the Scriptures, faith doth depend only upon the determination of the Church. For when the Spirit of God doth commend the men of Thessalonica, he prescribeth to us a rule in their example. And in vain should we search the Scriptures, unless they have in them light enough to teach us. −
Therefore, let this remain as a most sure maxim, that no doctrine is worthy to be believed but that which we find to be grounded in the Scriptures. The Pope will have all that received without any more ado, whatsoever he doth blunder out at his pleasure; but shall he be preferred before Paul, concerning whose preaching it was lawful for the disciples to make inquisition? And let us not that this is not spoken of any visured [pretended] Council, but of a small assembly of men, whereby it doth better appear that every man is called to read the Scriptures. So likewise, making of search doth not disagree with the forwardness of faith; for so soon as any man doth hearken, and being desirous to learn, doth show himself attentive, he is now bent and apt to be taught, though he do not fully − (269) give his consent. For example’s sake, an unknown teacher shall profess that he doth bring true doctrine: I will come, being ready to hear, and my mind shall be framed unto the obedience of the truth. Nevertheless, I will weigh with myself what manner [of] doctrine it is which he bringeth; neither will I embrace anything but the certain truth, and that which I know to be the truth. And this is the best moderation, when, being fast bound with the reverence of God, we hear that willingly and quietly which is set before us, as proceeding from him. Nevertheless, we beware of the seducing subtilty of men; neither do our minds throw themselves headlong with a blind rage − (270) to believe every thing without advisement. Therefore, the searching mentioned by Luke doth not tend to that end that we may be slow and unwilling to believe, but rather readiness with judgment is made the mean between lightness and stubbornness. −
Now must we answer the second objection. Faith is contrary to doubtfulness: he which inquireth doubteth; therefore it followeth, that forasmuch as the Thessalonians inquire and make search touching the doctrine of Paul, they were void of faith as yet. But the certainty of faith doth not hinder the confirmation thereof. I call that confirmation when the truth of God is more and more sealed up in our hearts, whereof, notwithstanding, we did not doubt before. For example’s sake, I hear out of the gospel that I am reconciled to God through the grace of Christ, and that my sins are purged [expiated] through his holy blood: there shall be some testimony uttered which shall make me believe this. If afterward I examine and search the Scriptures more thoroughly, I shall find other testimonies oftentimes which shall not only help my faith, but also increase it and establish it, that it may be more sure and settled. In like sort, as concerning understanding, faith is increased by reading the Scriptures. If any man object again, that those men do attribute but small authority to Paul’s doctrine, who search the Scriptures whether these things be so, I answer, that such are the proceedings of faith, that they sometimes seek for that in the Scripture whereof they are already persuaded by God, and have the inward testimony of the Spirit. And Luke doth not say that the faith of the Thessalonians was in all points perfect; but he doth only declare how they were brought to Christ, − (271) and how they did profit in faith, until the absolute building of godliness might be erected among them. −
(260) −
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Quae Latinis auribus esset durior,” which would have sounded harsher to Latin ears.
(261) −
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Nobiles et plebeios,” that nobles and plebeians.
(262) −
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Per obliquas vias,” through winding paths.
(263) −
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Quotidie,” daily.
(264) −
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Initio a promptitudine,” at the commencement for promptitude or readiness.
(265) −
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Proprio carnis sensu,” our own carnal sense.
(266) −
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Ebulliunt,” spring forth.
(267) −
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Fidei semen,” seed of faith.
(268) −
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Absurdo,” absurdities.
(269) −
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Statim plane,” plainly, and at once.
(270) −
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Caeco levitatis impetu,” with a blind and giddy impulse.
(271) −
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Qualiter initiati fuerint Christo,” how they were initiated in Christ.
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
(11) These were more noble than those in Thessalonica.The word for noble (literally, well-born, as in 1Co. 1:26) had. like most words of like origin (such, e.g., as the Latin ingenuus), a wide latitude of meaning. Here it stands for the generous, loyal temper which was ideally supposed to characterise those of noble origin. This was the quality which the Apostle and the historian admired in the Berans. They were not the slaves of prejudice. They were ready to believe in the gospel which St. Paul preached as meeting their spiritual wants; and so they came to the study of the proofs, which the preacher opened and alleged, with a temper predisposed to faith. On the other hand, they did not accept their own wishes, or the Apostles assertions, as in themselves sufficient grounds of faith. With a quick and clear intelligence they searched the Scriptures daily to see whether they really did speak of a Christ who should suffer and rise again. The Beran converts have naturally been regarded, especially among those who urge the duty, or claim the right, of private judgment, as a representative instance of the right relations of Reason and Faith, occupying a middle position between credulity and scepticism, to be reproduced, mutatis mutandis, according to the different aspects which each presents in successive ages.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
11. More noble The great body of Jews rejected Christ, not only from belief; but even from real examination. It was contempt by anticipation precluding investigation. The Bereans were more noble than this in character and conduct.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
‘Now these were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of the mind, examining the Scriptures daily, whether these things were so.’
For the Bereans were of a different bent to the Thessalonians. Living in a quieter town they were more relaxed and less uptight and hardened. And when they heard the word, instead of some of them arguing and growing bitter, they turned to the Scriptures and examined them daily so as to find out for themselves whether these things were true. In Luke’s words they were ‘more noble’, more open to seeking truth.
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett
DISCOURSE: 1789
THE GOOD EFFECTS OF A CANDID ATTENTION TO THE GOSPEL
Act 17:11-12. These were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so. Therefore many of them believed.
THE clamour often raised against the Gospel is no argument against the Gospel itself. Gods messengers have in all ages been opposed by the ungodly. Even our Lord himself, who spake as never man spake, was credited by very few; but there will always be found some who will give the truth a favourable reception. Different hearers are differently affected with the word they hear in these days. This however only shews that human nature is the same now that it was in St. Pauls time.
I.
Wherein the Berans excelled the Thessalonians
The Jews in Bera had been educated in the same prejudices as those in Thessalonica: yet their conduct was in perfect contrast with that of the Thessalonians.
They excelled,
1.
In candour
[The Thessalonians would not so much as consider what they heard from the Apostle: but the Berans inquired whether these things were so. They did not conclude every thing to be false which did not accord with their preconceived opinions. This was a noble spirit, because it shewed that they were not in subjection to their prejudices.]
2.
In equity
[The Thessalonians, not satisfied with rejecting the word, were filled with wrath against those who delivered it unto them [Note: They misrepresented the principles of the Apostle, stirred up a tumult against him, assaulted his friends under colour of justice, obliged him to flee for his life, followed him with unrelenting animosity to Bera, and, notwithstanding the acceptance he met with there, drove him from thence also.]. Nothing could be more contrary to equity than thus to calumniate the innocent, and persecute the messengers of heaven. The Berans, on the contrary, made a diligent use of the means afforded them for solving their doubts: they searched the Scriptures, which they considered as the only standard of truth, and to which the Apostle himself had appealed; they searched them daily, that they might form their judgment upon the surest grounds: they would neither receive nor reject any thing which they had not maturely weighed.]
3.
In a regard for truth
[Truth was neither sought for, nor desired by, the Thessalonian Jews. Loving darkness rather than light, they strove to extinguish the light which shone around them. But the Berans received the word with all readiness of mind: they were glad to get instruction in matters of such moment: their hearts were prepared for it, as melted wax for the seal [Note: See Rom 6:17. which, in the Greek conveys the idea of being cast into a mould.]. Thus they acted as beings endowed with reason, while the Thessalonians resembled irrational and ferocious beasts.]
Suited to their noble disposition [Note: Even a heathen saw that such a virtuous disposition constituted the only true nobility. Nobilitas sola est, atque unica, virtus. Juv. Sat. 8.] was,
II.
The benefit which accrued to them by means of it
Many at Bera became obedient to the faith
[While the Thessalonians rejected the overtures of mercy, the Berans thankfully embraced them. By believing in Christ they became partakers of his salvation; and now are they rejoicing before the throne of God, while the contemners of the Gospel are gnashing their teeth in hell. Who can duly appreciate the greatness of this benefit?]
This benefit resulted from the noble disposition which they exercised
[Faith is certainly the gift of God [Note: Eph 2:8. Php 1:29.]: nor can any disposition that is in us merit that gift. But there is a preparation of mind requisite for a due reception of the Gospel; and where that state of mind is, there truth will make its way. This arises from the very structure of the human mind, which, like the eye, beholds things imperfectly when diseased, but clearly when free from blemish [Note: Mat 6:22-23. with Pro 2:10-11.]; and it is both illustrated and confirmed by various examples in Holy Writ [Note: Nicodemus; Joh 3:2. Cornelius; Act 10:33. And Lydia; Act 16:14.]. Where the honest and good heart is, there the seed will spring up, and bring forth fruit [Note: Luk 8:15.].]
Address
1.
Those who never have believed
[Guard against the illiberal conduct of the Thessalonians. Avoid a captious, envious, persecuting spirit: cultivate the more noble spirit of the Berans: take the Scriptures as the test of truth [Note: Isa 8:20.]: search them with care and diligence [Note: Joh 5:39.]: compare what you hear with them [Note: 1Th 5:21.]: pray for wisdom, that you may discern aright [Note: Jam 1:5.]: rest assured that you shall not use these means in vain [Note: Pro 2:1-6.].]
2.
Those who have believed
[Love instruction, and improve all opportunities of gaining it [Note: Pro 4:5-9.]. Seek to be more established in the faith [Note: Col 2:6-8.], but weigh every sentiment in the balance of the sanctuary [Note: 1Jn 4:1.], and let the Scripture be your study and delight [Note: 1 Psa 1:2-3.].]
Fuente: Charles Simeon’s Horae Homileticae (Old and New Testaments)
11 These were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, whether those things were so.
Ver. 11. Thee were more noble ] Better gentlemen ( ). Virtue is instead of a thousand escutcheons. a “Since thou hast been precious in my sight, thou hast been honourable,” Isa 43:4 . The nobles of Israel made their staves (the ensigns, haply, of their honour) instruments of the common good, Num 21:18 ; when the nobles of Tekoah are blemished in their blood for this, that they “put not their necks to the work of their Lord,”Neh 3:5Neh 3:5 . The Biscanies vaunt of themselves among the Spaniards that they are the right Hidalgoes, that is, gentlemen, as the Welshmen do here. But Christian nobility is the best and truest where God himself is the top of the kin, and religion the root; in regard whereof all other things are but shadows and shapes of nobleness. The Jews of Berea were more neble, or of better descent, Non per civilem dignitatem, sed per spiritualem dignationem, as one saith: Not by civil descent, but by spiritual advancement.
a The shield or shield-shaped surface on which a coat of arms is depicted; also in wider sense, the shield with the armorial bearings; a sculptured or painted representation of this. D
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
11. ] Theophyl. and c [82] explain it by , but this is rather its result , than its meaning: more noble is our best word for it; of nobler disposition; stirred up, not to envy, but to enquiry.
[82] cumenius of Tricca in Thrace, Cent y . XI.?
] viz. the doctrine of Act 17:3 , which Paul and Silas preached here also.
Fuente: Henry Alford’s Greek Testament
Act 17:11 . : only in Luke and Paul in the N.T., so in classics the word is used of noble birth, Luk 19:12 , 1Co 1:26 (Job 1:3 ), or of nobility of character as here, cf. also its use in 4MMal 3:5 ; 4Ma 9:23 ; 4Ma 9:27 (and in 2Ma 14:42 , and several times in 4 Macc.). We may compare the wide and varying use of the Latin ingenuus in accordance with the context, its meaning here is that the Berans were far from the strife and envy of the Thessalonian Jews; see Ramsay, Church in the Roman Empire , pp. 154, 160, 163, on the less favourable attitude of Codex Bez to the Berans than the T.R., and critical note; see also above on Act 13:50 . .: another word only in Luke and Paul, cf. 2Co 8:11-12 ; 2Co 8:19 ; 2Co 9:2 ; not in LXX, but once in Sir 45:23 , frequent in classical Greek. : indicates that St. Paul made a lengthy stay at Bera also, cf. Luk 11:3 ; Luk 19:47 , but elsewhere without the article, with the article peculiar to Luke (see Plummer’s note on Luk 11:3 ). On the frequency of in Luke’s writings see Friedrich, p. 9, and above on Hawkins, Hor Synoptic , p. 33. If is read, see critical note, it particularises the repetition or constancy of the act. .: “examining,” R.V. (the word in St.Joh 5:39 , which A.V. also renders “search,” is ), cf. 1Co 10:25 ; 1Co 10:27 , used elsewhere by St. Luke of a judicial inquiry or investigation, Luk 23:14 , Act 4:9 ; Act 12:19 ; Act 24:8 ; Act 28:18 . The word is only found in Luke and Paul, once in LXX, 1Sa 20:12 , in a general sense, and in Susannah, ver 48, 51, where it is connected with a judicial inquiry, as elsewhere in Luke. In classical Greek used also in the general sense of examining closely, questioning, sifting. : Blass explains “locos a Paulo allatos,” but although these were ipso facto included, the term can hardly be so limited, cf. Act 18:24 ; Act 18:28 , and Lightfoot on Gal 3:22 . “Character verae religionis, quod se dijudicari patitur,” Bengel. , Burton, p. 52, cf. Luk 1:29 ; Luk 3:15 . Wendt rightly points out that the positive praise bestowed on the Jews of Bera tends in itself to contradict the theory that Acts was written to emphasise the unbelief of the Jews, and to contrast their unbelief with Gentile belief.
Fuente: The Expositors Greek Testament by Robertson
noble. Greek. eugenes = well born. Occurs here, Luk 19:12. 1Co 1:26. Hence they were more courteous.
word. Greek. logos. App-121.
with. Greek. meta. App-104.
readiness of mind. Greek. prothumia. Only here, 2Co 8:11, 2Co 8:12, 2Co 8:19; 2Co 9:2.
searched = examined. Greek. anakrind. App-122. Not the same word as in Joh 5:39.
daily. See Act 16:5.
whether = if. App-118.
those = these.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
11. ] Theophyl. and c[82] explain it by , but this is rather its result, than its meaning:-more noble is our best word for it;-of nobler disposition;-stirred up, not to envy, but to enquiry.
[82] cumenius of Tricca in Thrace, Centy. XI.?
] viz. the doctrine of Act 17:3, which Paul and Silas preached here also.
Fuente: The Greek Testament
Act 17:11. ) more noble than the Jews of Thessalonica. They are truly noble souls, who are easily accessible in Divine things.-, searching) A characteristic of the true religion is, that it suffers itself to be examined into, and its claims to be so decided upon. [How wretched are they who exclude others from such searching scrutiny! How happy they who legitimately exercise that very right!-V. g.] , readiness of mind and accurate scrutiny, well correspond.-, these things) which are expressed in Act 17:3.
Fuente: Gnomon of the New Testament
more: Pro 1:5, Pro 9:9, Jer 2:21, Joh 1:45-49
they received: Act 2:41, Act 10:33, Act 11:1, Job 23:12, Pro 2:1-5, Pro 8:10, Mat 13:23, 1Th 1:6, 1Th 2:13, 2Th 2:10, Jam 1:21, 1Pe 2:2
and searched: Psa 1:2, Psa 1:3, Psa 119:97, Psa 119:100, Psa 119:148, Isa 8:20, Isa 34:16, Luk 16:29, Luk 24:44, Joh 3:21, Joh 5:39, 2Ti 3:15-17, 1Pe 1:10-12, 2Pe 1:19-21, 1Jo 4:5, 1Jo 4:6
Reciprocal: Lev 11:3 – cheweth Deu 13:3 – hearken 1Ch 4:9 – more 1Ch 28:8 – keep Neh 8:3 – ears Pro 2:2 – apply Pro 8:34 – watching Pro 15:14 – heart Ecc 5:1 – ready Son 8:2 – who Jer 6:16 – Stand Hos 6:3 – if Mat 13:11 – Because Mar 4:8 – fell Mar 4:24 – Take Mar 12:24 – Do Luk 4:31 – taught Luk 8:18 – heed Joh 4:42 – for Joh 7:17 – General Act 8:14 – received Act 8:28 – and sitting Act 13:7 – a prudent Act 18:4 – he 1Co 14:36 – came 1Th 1:1 – Thessalonians 1Th 5:21 – Prove 1Ti 4:13 – to reading 2Ti 4:10 – Thessalonica Jam 1:19 – let 1Jo 4:1 – try
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
THE STORY OF THE BEREANS
These were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the Word with all readiness of mind, and searched the Scriptures daily, whether those things were so. Therefore many of them believed; also of honourable women which were Greeks, and of men, not a few.
Act 17:11-12
The same sun that hardens clay, melts wax. The same truth which aroused the tumult in Thessalonica met with a loving reception at Berea. These men were accounted noble because they searched the Scriptures.
I. The object of their search.Why did they take this pains with the Scripture? Well, not to cavil at the truth they found in it. There is such a thing as searching the Scriptures to discover, if possible, some flaw in them. The Bereans were not seekers of this order. They searched the Scriptures, but it was
(a) To ascertain the truth through them. In their eyes the Scriptures constituted the final Court of Appeal. What is Truth? asks one; where shall we find it? The Bereans could have informed himyou will find it in the Scriptures. The Scriptures for them were the source and fountain of truth.
(b) That they might ascertain the truth about Christ. St. Paul and the Apostles brought certain strange things to their ears. They had been accustomed to hear of Christ in the Old Testament Scripture, but they had not thought of Him as a suffering, but as a reigning Messiah. St. Pauls theme was a Suffering Christ. Christ must needs have suffered was his constant cry. This was new doctrine to them. That He must needs reign, they all understood. Had not Jeremiah said: A King shall reign in righteousness? But that He must be numbered with the transgressorsthat they had overlooked.
II. The manner of their search.How did they conduct it?
(a) Candidly. They had their difficulties, but they were willing to be convinced. Prejudice was laid aside. What a hindrance is prejudice!
(b) Cordially. By which I mean their hearts as well as their heads were interested in the result. They did not regard the study merely as an intellectual exercise; they were not about to look upon the verification of St. Pauls statements as merely a new view of truth, something which would interest the mind without affecting the heart or the life. It is clear from the whole tenor of the narrative that their hearts were profoundly touched, that they felt that this might be a turning-point in their history.
(c) Critically. Interested as they were, they were not credulous. They resolved to know the truth. They would exercise their private judgment. Notice that the Apostles did
(d) Continually. They felt that not much could be done by a hasty or a cursory perusal. No certain results could be obtained at a single sitting; they must come again and again, until the truth began to dawn on their minds. The hurried, careless reader will never gain much knowledge of the truth. You cannot know a country, it has been well said, by driving through it on the highways. ways. You must sojourn in it, you must explore its hills and valleys. It takes time to enter into its treasures and scenes of beauty. So it is with the Scriptures. How few there are who really know their Bibles.
III. What were the results of this searching the Scriptures?Therefore many of them believed.
(a) The results were faith. Faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the Word of God. If you want faith, occupy yourself with truth. Truth will make you believe before you are aware.
(b) Fellowship. A society was formed, a little church gathereda church in which Jew and Greek, rich and poor, united. Honourable women threw in their lot with the despised and poor. Here is a true Christian revolutionworked not by compulsion from without but by inspiration from withinChristian love rising above all barriers and uniting in common worship and in common interest. All one in Christ Jesus.
(c) Fortitude. There are some, said our Lord, who receive the Word, but when troubles or persecutions arise, presently, they are offended. But that was not the case with the little Church at Berea. Persecution followed hard upon their profession of faith in Christ. The Jews at Thessalonica, when they learnt what Paul was doing, sent men to Berea to stir up the people, but the little Church stood firm. The children stood by their spiritual father, and stood by the truth. Paul was conveyed away to a place of safety, and in later days was accompanied by one of the converts of BereaSosipaterwho is mentioned in the twentieth of Acts, and again in the list of helpers at the close of the Epistle to the Romans.
Rev. E. W. Moore.
Illustration
What a confession was that of Tom Paine, the infidel, who admitted that while he was writing against the New Testament, he had not a copy of it in his possession, nor ever referred to it! The majority of the unbelievers in the Bible never read it. If they did, their unbelief would be untenable.
Fuente: Church Pulpit Commentary
1
Act 17:11. Noble is from eugenes and it means of better breeding; more highly cultured. Such a character caused them to be more reasonable in their attitude toward the preaching of Paul and Silas. Instead of attacking them enviously, they investigated their claims by reading up on the subject. If the preachers made an argument based on the statements of the Old Testament, the Bereans looked into the book to see if they were telling the truth: that was fair for both speaker and hearer.
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
Act 17:11. These were more noble than those in Thessalonica. Certain expositors of great name, as, for instance, Calvin and Luther, apply these words to the Jews of Thessalonica, translating thus: These were the more noble of the Thessalonians who received the word, intimating that the chief men of Thessalonica had joined the Christian brotherhood; but the more probable explanation is that the Berean Jews were of a nobler spirit, less narrowed by national prejudices than their brethren of the larger city. It is worthy of remark that, even in the brief summary of Pauls work these Acts contain, we can see that the great teacher neither expected nor desired that men should be converted to his Masters creed without first carefully examining it, and the proofs upon which it was based. The genuine, honest spirit of inquiry is ever allied to true gospel teaching. The nobility of soul which Pauls chronicler so highly praised in the men of Berea consisted not merely in their readiness of mind to receive the word, but also in that patient loving spirit of inquiry which led them daily to read the Scriptures to see whether those thingsPaul told them ofwere so.
Fuente: A Popular Commentary on the New Testament
Act 17:11-14. These were more noble, &c. Greek, , more ingenuous, or generous; of a more excellent disposition, more open to conviction, as being less blinded by prejudice. To be teachable in the things of God, is true nobleness and generosity of soul. Than those in Thessalonica The unbelieving Jews there; in that they received the word with all readiness of mind When it was proved to them from the Scriptures to be the word of God. And searched the Scriptures daily Using great candour and impartiality in the search; whether these things were so Namely, the things which Paul preached concerning the sufferings and resurrection of the Messiah. Here we see that receiving the word with readiness, and the most accurate search into the truth, are things well consistent the one with the other. Therefore many of them believed Finding how exact a correspondence there was between the words of these Christian preachers and those of their own prophets, to which they referred. Also of honourable women Women of considerable rank; which were Greeks That is, proselytes, as the word is frequently used by Luke; and of men not a few Thus a numerous church was gathered in Berea likewise, consisting both of the Jews and of the Gentiles, but especially of the latter. But An unhappy opposition soon arose, from the malice of their persecutors: for, when the Jews of Thessalonica understood that the word of God was preached at Berea With such promising success, not content with what they had done to oppose it at home; they came thither also, and stirred up the people Greek, , agitating the multitudes, or, raising a storm among them; the expression properly signifying to agitate the sea violently. It admirably illustrates the rage and fury of a seditious multitude. They doubtless represented Paul and his associates as factious and turbulent persons, to whom it was dangerous to give any the least shelter or countenance. The brethren, therefore, anxious for Pauls safety, sent him away to go as it were to the sea Or by sea, to some of the southern cities of Greece. It seems they chose to direct him the road which led to the sea, that if he had not an opportunity of embarking, or did not think proper to do it, his malicious enemies might, at least, be discouraged from any further attempt to pursue him, which they might probably have done, if they had known he would have travelled by land. But Silas and Timotheus, whose characters were not so public, or their persons so obnoxious, did not go with him from Berea; but continued there a while longer, to settle the newly-planted church, and to instruct them more fully in the doctrine of the gospel.
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
11. We have now, at last, the pleasure of seeing one Jewish community listen to the truth and examine it like rational beings. (11) “Now these were more noble-minded than those in Thessalonica, who received the word with all readiness of mind, searching the Scriptures daily to see if these things were so.” Their conduct can not be too highly commended, nor too closely imitated. The great sin of the Jews was a refusal to examine, candidly and patiently, the claims of the gospel. Having fallen into error by their traditions, they resisted, with passion and uproar, every effort that was made to give them additional light, or to expose their errors. Their folly has been constantly re-enacted by religious partisans of subsequent ages, so that the progress of truth, since the dark ages of papal superstition, has been hedged up, at every onward movement, by men who conceived that they were doing God service in keeping his truth from the people. If such men live and die in the neglect of any duty, their ignorance of it will be so far from excusing them that it will constitute one of their chief sins, and secure to them more certain and more severe condemnation. There is no greater insult to the majesty of heaven than to stop our ears when God speaks, or to close our eyes against the light which he causes to shine around us. The cause of Christ, as it stands professed in the world, will never cease to be disgraced by such exhibitions of sin and folly, until all who pretend to be disciples adopt the course pursued by these Jews of Berea; search the Scriptures, upon the presentation of every thing claiming to be God’s truth, and “see whether these things are so.” Unless the word of God can mislead us, to follow implicitly where it leads can never be unacceptable to its Author.
Fuente: McGarvey and Pendleton Commentaries (New Testament)
Verse 11
Whether those things were so, that is, whether, according to the predictions of the Scriptures, the Messiah was to suffer death, and then be restored to life again, as Paul contended. (Acts 17:3.)
Fuente: Abbott’s Illustrated New Testament
17:11 {5} These were more {d} noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, whether those things were so.
(5) The Lord sets out in one short period of time, and in one people, different examples of his unsearchable wisdom to cause them to fear him.
(d) He compares the Jews with the Jews.
Fuente: Geneva Bible Notes
The Jews in Berea did not react out of jealousy (cf. Act 17:5) but listened carefully to what Paul preached and compared it to the teachings of their Hebrew Scriptures. Their example of daily Bible study has inspired Christians ever since to do the same. Anyone who listens to new religious truth would do well to compare it with Scripture, as these Jews did. Many of these noble skeptics believed because Paul’s teaching was consistent with the Old Testament. Here there seem to have been many Jewish converts rather than a few, the usual result of Paul’s preaching. Many Gentiles also believed. Among them were more prominent women (cf. Act 17:4) as well as men. Sopater, who later travelled with Paul, as did Aristarchus and Secundus, evidently was one of the converts (Act 20:4).