Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Hebrews 13:14

For here have we no continuing city, but we seek one to come.

14. one to come ] Rather, “the city which is to be” (Heb 11:10; Heb 11:16). Our earthly city here may be destroyed, and we may be driven from it, or leave it of our own accord; this is nothing, for our real citizenship is in heaven (Php 3:20).

Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

For here we have no continuing city … – We do not regard this as our final home, or our fixed abode, and we should be willing to bear reproaches during the little time that we are to remain here; compare notes, Heb 11:10, Heb 11:13-14. If, therefore, in consequence of our professed attachment to the Saviour, we should be driven away from our habitations, and compelled to wander, we should be willing to submit to it, for our permanent home is not here, but in heaven. The object of the writer seems to be to comfort the Hebrew Christians on the supposition that they would be driven by persecution from the city of Jerusalem, and doomed to wander as exiles. He tells them that their Lord was led from that city to be put to death, and they should be willing to go forth also; that their permanent home was not Jerusalem, but heaven, and they should be willing in view of that blessed abode to be exiled from the city where they dwelt, and made wanderers in the earth.

Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible

Heb 13:14

Here have we no continuing city

An ever-changing scene:

These words sum up what was certainly the apostolic mind as to the position of Christians in the world.

They were members, as we are, of a vast and complex association which we call human society; but, with all its great attributes, it wants permanence. The world passes away as we work and speak. Here we have no continuing city. We have, indeed, a city; we have a wonderful and beneficent citizenship; we could not live without it; we owe it debts beyond repayment, duties of the most sacred kind; but society is with us and about us to-day, and to-morrow we and it are to be so much farther on in our round of successive changes, by which it becomes something quite different from what it is now, something, perhaps, which now we cannot imagine, and we disappear from life and from the visible world. But though here we have no continuing city, we do seek one to come. Born amid change, knowing nothing by experience but change, the human heart yet obstinately clings to its longing for the unchangeable and eternal. Christian souls not only long for it, but look for it. We seek that which is to come–seek it, believing that we shall one day reach it. We do not need Scripture to teach us that we have no continuing city, that the fashion of this world passeth away, that nothing continueth in one stay. But only Scripture can teach us to seek with hope for that which is to come. I need not remind you how, throughout the Psalms, we meet the impressive recognition of this aspect of life and of the world. They are full of the presence, of the greatness, of the eventfulness Of change–change going on for good and evil, for joy and sorrow, in Outward circumstances, in the inward life–changes visible, material, political, moral, and vicissitudes in the fortunes of men and nations; and there are recorded the most rapid alternations and successions of feeling in the soul within, in its outlook towards God and things outside it. The idea of the sovereignty of God is the counterpart throughout the Psalms set over against all that is unsatisfying, disastrous, transitory, untrustworthy, not only in mans condition, but in the best that be can do. The psalmists realised that they had no continuing city in a way that is far beyond our experience. They knew a state of society which could rely on nothing settled. It was liable at any moment to be tormented by insolent and lawless wickedness, to be shaken to its foundations by the fever and passion of false religions, to be crushed down into utter ruin by some alien conqueror. They believed that they were the people of God; they believed that they had His promises; and yet what they saw was these promises still unfulfilled, recalled, apparently passing away to nothingness; they, the people of Gods holiness, saw in the midst of them, trampling on all light and purity, the bloodthirsty and deceitful man; they, the elect of the Lord of Hosts, saw the enemy master among the ruins of Gods holy place, and for generation after generation felt themselves the slaves and spoil of the heathen. What wonder, then, that the voice of grief and humiliation sounds with such tragic repetition in the Book of Psalms? Hath God indeed forgotten to be gracious, and wilt He shut up His loving-kindness in displeasure? But what is the other side of all this? It is that perhaps with one, and that only an apparent exception, the voice of unalloyed and uncomforted despair is never heard there. At the very moment that the heart is rent with shame and agony comes the remembrance of the Eternal King of Mercy and Righteousness, whose kingdom endured from end to end, while empires rose and fell, and whose ear heard with equal certainty the cry of the poor, and the blasphemer, and the cruel. In spite of the daily evidence of experience, the wicked flourishing like a green bay-tree, the power of the oppressor, the mocking tongue of the blasphemer–in spite of all, the foundations stand sure and unshaken by any accidents of mortal condition. Thou art set in the throne that judgest right. The Lord shall endure for ever; He hath also prepared His seat for judgment. The Lord also will be a defence for the oppressed, &c. And so with the transitoriness of the lives and generations of men. Nowhere is a keener sense shown of it than in the Psalms. For man walketh in a vain shadow, and disquieteth himself in vain. As soon as Thou scatterest them they are even as a sleep, and fade away suddenly like the grass. For, when Thou art angry, all our days are gone; we bring our years to an end as a tale that is told. What is there to comfort and compensate for this dreary prospect? Nothing but unlimited trust in Gods power and goodness and ever-watchful care. My days have gone like a shadow, and I am withered like grass. There is the consciousness which must come to all men sooner or later–a consciousness in the Psalmists case that these great changes in his lot were not undeserved by a sinner. And that because of Thy indignation and wrath; for Thou hast taken me up, and cast me down. The great revelation of forgiveness and immortality was yet to come, but the Psalmists faith in the Eternal King of the world never wavered. The days of man are bat as grass, for lie flourisheth as a flower of the field. For as soon, etc. But the merciful goodness, &c. When the breath of man goeth forth, &c. The waste, the throwing away of human souls, of human affection–is there anything more strangely perplexing in the ruin of death? But the answer is at hand: Blessed is he that hath the God of Jacob for his help, &c. Men died and were buried, and their children after them; they knew that they must die and be as though they had never been. They walked like shadows in the midst of shadows. They felt to the full the shortness of life, how soon it was over, how awful its inevitable changes; yet they did not faint. They knew that over them was the ever-continuous rule of Him who made heaven and earth and all things. They doubted not that He keepeth His promise for ever; and so, with change and mortality in them and around them, written on the solid earth and on the distant heaven, they broke into the exulting song (Psa 102:25-28): Here we have no continuing city; but we know, with a distinctness which all men have not, of the city that hath foundations, whose builder and maker is God. But where is that passionate, delighted, triumphant faith of those men of old? What have we got of their joy and gladness at the very thought of God? (Dean Church.)

Mutability of mans present condition

I. HERE WE HAVE NO CONTINUING CITY.

1. We may be said to have here no continuing city, by reason of the changes to which our circumstances are liable.

2. The same truth will appear evident if we consider the dissatisfaction with which every condition in life is attended.

3. The truth of the apostles declaration will appear still more manifest when we consider the change to which we ourselves are liable. Every step that we take, while it may bring us nearer to some object of pursuit, at the same time brings us nearer to that misty ocean upon which we must all embark, and bid adieu to all upon its shore.

II. BUT WE SEEK ONE TO COME.

1. This presupposes, on the part of Christians, an idea of the existence of another city yet to be discovered.

2. The language of the apostle implies not only a conviction of the existence of heaven, but of its excellence, its decided superiority to the place of mans present habitation.

3. The language here employed implies a belief that this city may be gained.

4. It implies, more particularly, that Christians have abandoned the world.

5. It implies an actual entrance upon the way to heaven by an engagement in Christian duty. (James Clason.)

The final home of the Christian not on earth, but in heaven

I. MAN HAS NO PERMANENT HOME ON EARTH.

1. The inconstancy of human life.

2. The inevitable event of death.

3. The doom which awaits the earth.

II. THE PERMANENT HOME OF THE CHRISTIAN IS IN HEAVEN.

1. Heaven is a place.

2. Heaven is a permanent place.

3. Heaven is sure to the faithful believer.

III. To ATTAIN HEAVEN IS THE CHRISTIANS SUPREME CONCERN.

1. Heaven is secured to the believer conditionally.

2. That condition must be fulfilled on earth.

3. Its fulfilment requires the vigorous application of the whole mind.

4. The hope of heaven inspires Christian courage. (Homilist.)

Men sojourners upon earth

I. No sooner are we capable of looking round us, and considering the frame of our nature, and the condition of our being, than we may observe THAT, DERIVED FROM DUST, WE NATURALLY HASTEN TO DUST AGAIN; that none can claim the privilege of an exemption from the common necessity; that the human, like the vegetable race, have their periods of growth and declension, and are either cut down by the hand of violence, or soon fade and drop of themselves. Strangers and sojourners here, as were all our fathers, we soon pass away, and are gone.

II. I proceed to deduce SOME REFLECTIONS AND INFERENCES FROM THE SHORT DURATION AND TRANSITORY: CONDITION OF HUMAN LIFE.

1. Melancholy indeed would be the reflection that we pass away as a shadow if this life were the whole of our existence, and we had no hope beyond it, But, setting aside other considerations, the short term of our existence here may give us grounds to hope that it will be renewed and prolonged hereafter. For can we think that man was not designed by his Maker to attain that perfection in wisdom, and virtue, and happiness of which his nature is susceptive?

2. Meditation on our short and uncertain state in this world may wean us from an over-fondness for anything in it.

3. The consideration of the shortness of life may assist us in supporting us under its afflictions.

4. If the time of our sojourning in this world be but short, let the great and habitual object of our attention be that state which may soon begin but can never end. If we have here no continuing city, let us seek one to come. (G. CarT, B. A.)

Present change and future continuance:

Changeableness is one characteristic of all that is earthly. What is history? Largely the record of a succession of vapours which have appeared for a little time, and then have vanished away. What is philosophy but knowledge of the rise and progress, the extent and duration of shadows? What is poetry but the expression of the deep emotions awakened by earthly vicissitudes? And what is this world as we now all see it but a system of globes having a double revolution? Nothing abides in the same place, or exhibits two days together the same aspect. Changeableness is one feature of all that is earthly; human nature being no exception. Personally, relatively, in body, in spirit, within, without, there is no continuance. Some of the changes to which men are subject are manifestly good in themselves, good in all respects, and in the case of those who love God, and who are the called according to His purpose, all things work together for good. Here have we no continuing city. In what position are we left? Are we never to have continuance? Yes, we are to look upon things abiding, for while here we have no continuing city, we, Christians, seek one to come.

I. Look at THIS CHANGEABLENESS HERE FELT AND ACKNOWLEDGED. Here have we no continuing city. This seems discordant with the closing verse of the former chapter, where it is said–We receiving a kingdom which cannot be moved, let us have grace whereby we may serve God acceptably with reverence and godly fear. But you remember, that kingdom is within us; and that kingdom is continued. The apostle is speaking in the text rather of that which is outside of us. Here, too, have we no fixed temporal condition. The rich often become poor; the elevated are brought low; and the men of many friends are made desolate. Here, too, have we no ultimate stage of existence. We begin with babyhood, rise into childhood, and oh, how soon do we get through manhood! And here have we no permanent visible Church. The persons constituting the Churches of Christ die; the members of particular congregations change; they pass from one community to another; and our Church forms and modes alter. Here, too, have we no fixed and unalterable demand upon our resources and powers. Duties and responsibilities, they all vary. Here, too, have we no fixed state of the emotions. To-day we are in joy; to-morrow in sorrow. Here, too, have we not the consummation of redemption. There are some things in our salvation now complete. Our pardon is complete; our justification is complete; but the inner salvation is being wrought out. There is no continuance in the experience of a true Christian. Here, too, have we not the everlasting Jerusalem. So that we may say, looking at all these facts, Here have we no continuing city.

II. WE CHRISTIANS SEEK ONE TO COME. We desire that which is unchangeable, and we seek it. One to come–a higher and a settled dwelling-place–a final home. It is love that makes a home. To love, and to be loved, though it be in the peasants cot, is to be at home; and often you find homes in the rudest dwellings, and none in the most splendid palaces. But where love is likely to be disturbed–where some rude hand can take the threads that love is ever spinning and tying and fastening, and cut them and sever them, the home feeling must of course be partial. And we long for a place and a state where we shall abide eternally in the presence of those who love us. We seek one to come. A higher and a settled dwelling-place, a final home, a permanent state of being–not a stereotyped state of being, but still a permanent state of being, as distinguished from a mere probational state. And we long for, we seek a permanent state of being, and an undisturbed condition. Society, for example, just to take two or three illustrations–society without interruption or separation. Now, as soon as we know one another, we are taken away from each other. Occupation pursued for ever. The man who looks at this world as he should look at it almost trembles to undertake anything great or anything grand. But think of immortality as the day of your work. What broad foundations of enterprises may you lay, when you shall feel that you have the for-ever before you in which to execute those enterprises! One to come–not only occupations to be pursued for ever, but pleasure to be enjoyed for ever, and honours to be worn for ever, and worship to be continued for ever, and communion to be unbroken for ever, and the Church to be glorious and perfect for ever. Now, we Christians desire this for comforts sake, for progress sake, and above all for righteousness sake. Acknowledge, then, that here have we no continuing city; acknowledge it. Acknowledge it by expecting change. Do not busy yourself in trying to fix permanently all the arrangements of your households, and to say, as I sometimes hear some of you say, and hear you say occasionally with trembling, Now we are settled. Settled? Settled this side of the grave? Settled–where change is the very law of life? Settled? Oh, never say with the spirit that we are now condemning, Now we are settled. When God requires you to make changes, make them, and be ready for them, and then they will not hurt you. Here have we no continuing city. Acknowledge this fully and cordially. Then seek one to come–by union with Jesus Christ, and by spiritual preparedness. There is a city to come–a collection of the saved children of Adam in one place–a holy place, a city. It is beautiful for situation, like Jerusalem of old,but built upon everlasting hills which shall never bow, and upon mountains which shall never be moved. It is a holy city, into which shall not enter anything that defileth or worketh abomination, or maketh a lie. (S. Martin.)

No continuing city here

I. THE AFFECTING VIEW WHICH THE TEXT PRESENTS OF THE PRESENT WORLD.

1. Our earthly possessions do not continue.

(1) Our life–the chief of them–is not permanent. We know not what a day may bring forth.

(2) Our connections are not permanent. We may flatter ourselves in the hope that they will remain, and avail us, all along the journey of life; that we shall never want a relative to feel an identity of interests with us; but, probably, amidst all these self-gratulations, events may arise to dissolve our pleasing reverie, and to compel us to mourn over lost relations, never to be regained.

(3) Our health, property, respectability, do not always continue. What reverses of this kind does the page of history record! We read of constitutions broken, estates lost, fortunes ruined–of thrones subverted.

2. Our opportunities do not continue. There is a tide in our affairs, both temporal and spiritual.

3. Our religious peace and joy do not continue. There are disturbing forces in the kingdom of grace, as well as in that of nature: there are alternations in the affections of the soul, as well as in the seasons and the elements; and it would be strange if our minds were liable to no fluctuations, since there are different states in the health of our bodies.

II. THE CONDUCT WHICH THE APOSTLE DESCRIBES IN REFERENCE TO ANOTHER WORLD–but we seek one to come.

1. Observe the figure under which the place of the future abode of godly persons is represented–it is a city. A city means a place of concourse, in which is intelligent and agreeable society; a place of protection, a place of entertainment, where there is much to delight the eye, the ear, the taste–a place of refinement, where the minds, and manners of the inhabitants are removed from what is coarse–a place of wealth and comfort, affording a confluence of the supplies and enjoyments of life.

2. This peerless place is yet to come. That is, it is yet to appear, to be enjoyed–it is future. Hannibals soldiers had no adequate idea of the

Italian plains, before they descried them from the Alpine heights. The Israelites must have had a very imperfect notion of the Land of Promise, before they had crossed the Jordan, and traversed its mountains and valleys, entered its cities, walked amongst its vineyards, and partook of its milk and honey. And our highest attainments of grace upon earth leave us painfully ignorant of the perfect realisations of glory which await us in heaven.

3. Real Christians are now seeking this city which is to come. Seeking it implies earnest desire, assiduous diligence, and progressive advancement. (J. Davies.)

No continuing city:

In Chili, where the ground is subject to frequent shocks of earthquake, the houses are built of lowly height and of unenduring structure; it is of little use to dig deep foundations, and pile up high walls, when the very earth is unstable; it would be foolish to build as for ages when the whole edifice may be in ruins in a week. Herein we read a lesson as to our worldly schemes and possessions; this poor fleeting world deserves not that we should build our hopes and joys upon it as though they could last us long. We must treat it as a treacherous soil, and build but lightly on it, and we shall be wise. (C. H. Spurgeon.)

A frail habitation:

Mr. Ruskin speaks in his Loves Meinie of the Little Crake, a bird which lays her eggs on an inartificially constructed platform of decayed leaves or stalks of marsh plants, slightly elevated above the water. How elevated I cannot find proper account, that is to say, whether it is hung to the stems of growing reeds, or built on hillocks of soil, but the bird is always liable to have its nest overflown by floods (H. O.Mackey.)

We seek one to come

The abiding city of Gods people

I. I shall trace in these words THE OBJECT YEARNED AFTER BY EVERY MANS HEART, VIZ., A SETTLED AND SECURE CONDITION. Fully to enter into the beauty and force of this expression, it is necessary to imagine ourselves transported to a country exposed to the frequent devastation of war. Imagine yourselves in a land where the broken framework of the law cannot restrain each castle and town from pouring forth its band of marauding ruffians; or, suppose an enemys host landed and spreading fire and ruin far and wide–you will then partly estimate the desirableness of dwelling in a continuing city.

II. Therefore, secondly, GOD CONDESCENDS TO GIVE MAN A WARNING RESPECTING IT, drawing at one stroke a picture of this world, by saying that no such permanent security is to be found here–here we have no continuing city. Are riches secure? Your city has no bolts and bars to confine them. Friends, the nearest and dearest–what risk of their becoming estranged and chilled by misunderstanding. Earthquake, and hurricane, and plague, and war, are not necessary to brand instability on our comforts of this life. In the form of a slight cold Death lays its imperceptible touch upon the frame, and ere long comes to claim his own. Yet men will seek for these things, as if they were to endure, and will confide in their continuance to the last hour. It is necessary, then, that ye be warned by no less than the voice of God Himself, that here ye have no continuing city.

III. But, thirdly, GOD ASSURES US THAT THERE IS SUCH A STATE TO BE ATTAINED UNTO ELSEWHERE–there is one to come. The original is more explicit, for the existence of such a state is expressly affirmed. It is spoken of not as a hope, an imagination, like those which man sets before his own eyes, but as a reality. The true force of the expressions, the one to come, is, the city that is to come. Yes, revelation sets before us a place of security beyond the utmost dream of human hope–a continuing city, more complete than it hath entered into the heart of man to conceive, hath God prepared for them that love Him. It is figured forth as a city Heb 11:16): God is not ashamed to be called their God, for He hath prepared for them a city. It hath walls and gates: Thou shalt call thy walls salvation, and thy gates praise. It is set forth specially under the figure of the holy city, the New Jerusalem: the city had no need of the sun, nor of the moon. The majesty of God is security for the peace and safety of that place.

IV. But, fourthly, THE APOSTLE LETS FALL BY THE WAY A SHORT CHARACTERISTIC DESCRIPTION OF EVERY TRUE CHRISTIAN, VIZ., THAT HE IS A SEEKER OF THAT HEAVENLY CONDITION: We seek one to come. Recognise in this description that earnestness is an implied characteristic of the people of God. As an exile seeks his fathers land, or his native city, where the great majority of his kindred dwell, so the Christian soul feels towards heaven. He need not affect stoic indifference to the stations and duties on earth. St. Paul said, I am of Tarsus in Cilicia, a citizen of no mean city. But let earthly things clash with heavenly, and you will see where his heart is, that he is earnestly seeking his native city, into whose privileges he was new born, though at a distance, precisely as Paul was born into the privileges of Rome, though his native place was in Cilicia. The earnestness of a Christian will show itself in all he does; and in proportion as he is earnest, is the development of his Christianity. Another remark to which this characteristic description of a Christian gives rise, is an encouraging one to those Christians who, though earnest, are cast down. A Christians character is evidently that of an expectant, not a possessor. Ye are not yet come into the place which the Lord hath said He will give unto you. Be not therefore discouraged at being only an expectant of coming blessings. I would now fain bind this subject yet closer upon your individual hearts, by addressing three classes of persons. First, those that have suffered much from the mutability of earthly things; secondly, those that have been prosperous hitherto; and, thirdly, those that are entering on the trials of life. (G. Hebert, M. A.)

Only one Paradise for man

It is said that Mahomet approached Damascus, and when he stood to view the dazzling spectacle of that royal city, amid the beautiful plain, he turned aside and left the prospect, saying, It is given to man to enjoy Paradise but once. If I possess Damascus I lose heaven.

Fuente: Biblical Illustrator Edited by Joseph S. Exell

Verse 14. For here have we no continuing city] Here is an elegant and forcible allusion to the approaching destruction of Jerusalem. The Jerusalem that was below was about to be burnt with fire, and erased to the ground; the Jerusalem that was from above was that alone which could be considered to be , permanent. The words seem to say: “Arise, and depart; for this is not your rest: it is polluted:” About seven or eight years after this, Jerusalem was wholly destroyed.

Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible

This is an enforcement of the foregoing duty, as the particle for cleareth; That they have no reason to be discouraged from going forth from Judaism, and those erroneous doctrines, and the world, to him, though it should cost them their lives for it; for at the best this world is not a place fit for us, nor can our state in it be desirable, since it is imperfect, fleeting, and vanishing, and we must die out of it; we may well then go forth, and die with him, and for him. And we have reason to go forth and suffer with him, since it will instantly bring us to that heavenly city, which we profess that we only live to fit ourselves for, and then to enter in and possess it, Heb 11:10,16; 12:22; Phi 3:20,21.

Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole

14. hereon earth. ThoseHebrews who clung to the earthly sanctuary are representatives of allwho cling to this earth. The earthly Jerusalem proved to be no”abiding city,” having been destroyed shortly after thisEpistle was written, and with it fell the Jewish civil and religiouspolity; a type of the whole of our present earthly order of thingssoon to perish.

one to come (Heb 2:5;Heb 11:10; Heb 11:14;Heb 11:16; Heb 12:22;Phi 3:20).

Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

For here have we no continuing city,…. Neither for religious worship, the city of Jerusalem being quickly to be destroyed, nor for civil life to dwell in; and so may have a peculiar regard to the Hebrews, whose temple and city would, in a short time, become desolate; though it was the general case of the saints, in those times, to be obliged to flee from one city to another, having no certain dwelling place: and it may respect the common instability of this world, and of the state of the saints in it: this world, and all things in it, are unstable and transitory, the riches, honours, pleasures, and profits of it, and the persons in it, and even the world itself; the fashion of it passes away: the saints have no settlement and abiding here; they are not of it, though in it; and though they are in it, it is but for a time; and, when they have done the will of God, they are taken out of it; another place is prepared for them: they are but sojourners, and strangers, and pilgrims; and this they are sensible of, and own, and acknowledge: and it is their mercy, that they are not to continue here; since, while in it, they are exposed to a great many sorrows and afflictions, both of soul and body; are often disturbed with Satan’s temptations; and are liable to the snares, insults, and reproaches of the world; and, seeing they have no continuance here, they will be the sooner at home: and they have that to support them, under the instability of worldly things, which others have not; they are interested in an unchangeable God, and in his love; and in an unchangeable Saviour; and in an unchangeable covenant; and have a right to eternal glory and happiness, a city which has foundations, as follows:

but we seek one to come; heaven; which is compared to a city; is future, yet to come; though certain, being built and prepared by God; and is continuing, will abide, being well founded: hence the saints seek for it; [See comments on Heb 11:10].

Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible

An abiding city ( ). Jerusalem has lost its charm for followers of Christ. Vincent rightly argues that the Epistle must have been written before the destruction of Jerusalem else a reference to that event could hardly have been avoided here. We are now where Abraham was once (11:10).

Fuente: Robertson’s Word Pictures in the New Testament

For here have we no continuing city [ ] . Here, on earth. Continuing city. Let us go forth without the gate to Jesus; for the system which has its center in Jerusalem, the Holy City, is no more ours. We are excluded from its religious fellowship by embracing the faith of him who suffered without the gate. The city itself is not abiding. As a holy city, it is the center and representative of a system of shadows and figures (ch. Heb 8:5; Heb 9:9, 23, 24; Heb 10:1), which is to be shaken and removed, even as is the city itself (xii. 27); Heb 8:13; Heb 9:10; Heb 10:9, 18. If the epistle had been written after the destruction of Jerusalem a reference to that event could hardly have been avoided here. One to come [ ] . Rend. “that which is to come.” The heavenly Jerusalem. Comp. ch. Heb 11:10, 13 – 16.

The course of thought in vers. 9 – 14 is as follows : Be not carried away with divers and strange teachings, for example, those concerning meats and drinks and sacrificial feasts. It is good that the heart be established, rather than that the body should be ceremonially pure; and that the heart be established by the grace of God in Christ, which alone can give inward peace, a pure conscience, an established rest and security – rather than by the consciousness of having partaken of meats ceremonially clean : for those whose religious life was under the regimen of this ceremonial system derived no permanent profit from it. Not only so, the two systems exclude each other. You cannot hold by the Levitical system and enjoy the blessings of Christian salvation. It is the sacrifice of Christ through which you become partakers of grace. It is impossible to obtain grace through meats; for meats represent the economy which denies Christ; and, by seeking establishment through meats, you exclude yourselves from the economy which is the only vehicle of grace.

Accordingly, we have an altar and a sacrifice from which the votary of Leviticalism is excluded. By the Levitical law it was forbidden to eat the flesh of the victim offered on the Great Day of Atonement; so that, if the Levitical law still holds for you, you cannot partake of the Christian ‘s atoning victim. The law under which you are prohibits you. According to that law, there is nothing to eat of in an atoning sacrifice, since the body of the victim is burned. Neither priest nor people have anything more to do with it, and, therefore, it is carried outside of the camp or city, outside of the region of O. T. covenant – fellowship. Similarly, so long as you hold by Judaism, participation in Christ ‘s atoning sacrifice is impossible for you. It is outside your religious sphere, like the body of the victim outside the gate. You cannot eat of our altar.

The blood of the Levitical victim was carried into the holy of holies and remained there. If you seek the benefit of that blood, it must be within the camp, at the Levitical tabernacle or temple. And you cannot have the benefit of Christ ‘s blood, for that compels you to go outside the gate, where he suffered. According to the O. T. law, you could partake of the benefit of the blood, but you could not eat of the body. Christ ‘s sacrifice gives you both body and blood as spiritual food; but these you must seek outside of Judaism. Thus, by means of the O. T. ritual itself, it is shown that the Jewish and the Christian systems exclude each other. Christ must be sought outside of the Jewish pale.

Fuente: Vincent’s Word Studies in the New Testament

1) “For here have we no continuing city,” (ou gar echomen hode menousan polin) “Because we do not have, hold, or possess a continuing, secure, or satisfying city here,” “here on earth,” for the soul, for all cities and dwelling places here shall pass away, even perish with the heavens and the earth, Mat 24:35; Heb 1:10-12; Heb 11:10; Heb 11:16.

2) “But we seek one to come,” (alla ten mellousan epizetoumen) “But we seek (look toward) the coming one,” Php_3:20; that one which is to come, as an home for the heirs of God; Even by faith, like Abraham, we keep on tenting and looking; John beheld the city, so shall we one day, Heb 11:10; Heb 11:16; Rev 21:2; Rev 21:9-10; 1Co 2:9; 2Co 4:18. Because that which is spiritual and eternal in the present experience of salvation now gives peace, joy, and hope, we as believers keep on working and waiting, knowing the lights of the city are not far away, Joh 14:1-3; Heb 10:36-37.

Fuente: Garner-Howes Baptist Commentary

14. For here we have no continuing city, etc. He extends still further the going forth which he had mentioned, even that as strangers and wanderers in this world we should consider that we have no fixed residence but in heaven. Whenever, therefore, we are driven from place to place, or whenever any change happens to us, let us think of what the Apostle teaches us here, that we have no certain shade on earth, for heaven is our inheritance; and when more and more tried, let us ever prepare ourselves for our last end; for they who enjoy a very quiet life commonly imagine that they have a rest in this world: it is hence profitable for us, who are prone to this kind of sloth, to be often tossed here and there, that we who are too much inclined to look on things below, may learn to turn our eyes up to heaven.

Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary

(14) In this verse there seems to be a union of two thoughts: (1) We are free to go forth from the city so long held sacred, for our hopes are bound up with no abiding earthly sanctuary. (2) We may not shrink from the reproach of Christ because it will sever us from kindred and friends; for by the very profession of our faith we are strangers and sojourners (Heb. 11:13), seeking after the heavenly Jerusalem (Heb. 11:10; Heb. 12:22). How impressive are these words when read in the light of the events then unlooked for, yet so near at hand, issuing in the destruction of both Temple and city!

We seek one to come.Rather, we seek after that (city) which is to come.

Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)

14. Here In Judaism, the mystic old Jerusalem. The words have, we think, no reference to our transitory abode on earth.

One to come Christianity, the mystic new Jerusalem below, the earthly counterpart and preparatory for the New Jerusalem above. Though the localities outside the city of Jerusalem, where the victim was sacrificed, look bare and desolate, yet mystically, outside the old Judaism, there is the future evangelic city to come. There is the mystic temple, the true Church; within it is the true altar, the “table of the Lord,” the banquet of his atoning grace. From the old and past, let us go to the new and future. This symbolism of the mystical earthly Jerusalem must not be confounded with that of the celebrated new Jerusalem of Revelation xxi, though merging often in thought and in reality into it.

Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

‘For we do not have here an abiding city, but we seek after the coming city.’

So our eyes are not to be on the earthly Jerusalem. It had become a rejected and defiled city, a corrupt city (Rev 11:8), a city which would not abide and would indeed shortly to be destroyed. For Christian’s do not have here an abiding city. Jerusalem as a religious centre is now not for God’s people. Indeed we do not want a city bound to earth at all. We have left that city and rather seek that city which is to come, the Jerusalem above (Heb 12:22; Gal 4:26), that city that we can ‘come to’ even now (Heb 12:22), which represents all the true people of God, the city which is at present unseen to naked eye (although visible to the spiritual eye), but whose full glory will be revealed in the future, the new heavenly Jerusalem which has no part in this world except as in Christ it has as some of its citizens true believers who are still temporarily lodging here, but as citizens of the heavenly Jerusalem (Php 3:20). There is now no future for earthly cities in the final purposes of God.

Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett

Heb 13:14. For here we have no continuing city, When the apostle said, Let us go forth unto him without the camp, he speaks as if we were in our wilderness state, travelling toward the place of our rest. In the wilderness the Jews were obliged to dwell in tents, and had no fixed place of abode; we who believe in Christ, are but strangers here, travelling to the heavenly Jerusalem.

Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke

Heb 13:14 . Ground of encouragement to the , Heb 13:13 .

] namely: we Christians . Not: we men in general .

] here upon earth . Erroneously Heinrichs: in the earthly Jerusalem .

] sc . : the city to come , which, namely, is an abiding one. Comp. Heb 12:22 : , and Heb 11:10 : , . Rightly, for the rest, does Schlichting observe: Futuram autem civitatem hanc vocat, quia nobis futura est. Nam Deo, Christo, angelis jam praesens est.

Fuente: Heinrich August Wilhelm Meyer’s New Testament Commentary

DISCOURSE: 2348
THE CHRISTIANS PORTION

Heb 13:14. Here have we no continuing city; but we seek one to come.

ACCUSTOMED as we are to expect a future state of existence, we scarcely ever reflect on the source from which we have attained the knowledge of such a state. It was not from reason that we derived it; for the wisest philosophers of Greece and Rome could arrive at no certainty respecting it: it is the Gospel which has brought life and immortality to light, and has thereby given us an unerring standard, by which to try every occurrence, of whatever kind. From a view of eternity, we learn neither to indulge undue complacency in what is gratifying to our feelings, nor, on the other hand, to yield to dejection under the pressure of what is painful. We learn simply to approve ourselves to God; and to look for his approbation in a future world, as a recompence for all that we can either do or suffer for him in this present life. This thought reconciled the Apostle to shame and reproach for his Redeemers sake; for he knew that here he had no continuing city: but he sought one to come; and regarded the possession of that as an ample reward for all that man could inflict upon him.
The words before us will lead me to shew,

I.

The transitoriness of earthly things

We have nothing durable in this life
[If any thing could have been expected to continue, it would have been the city of Jerusalem: because it was, beyond all others in the universe, the city of God, and because its foundations were like the great mountains. But that was soon to be destroyed, so that not one stone should remain upon another that should not be thrown down: and, with the city, the whole civil and religious polity of the nation should be dissolved. Thus it had been with the great empires which had successively been established in Chaldea, Persia, and Greece: and thus, in due season, it should be with Rome also, though it was now the mistress of the world. Even this globe itself, and all which it contains, shall ere long be burnt up with fire, and utterly dissolved; so that nothing under the sun can be considered as of abiding continuance.]
This is a matter of daily experience to us all
[We may know but little either of history or prophecy; but who does not with his own eyes behold the transitory nature of every thing around him? The seasons come, and pass away; and in like manner the generations of men vanish from the earth in quick succession. It was but the other day, and those who are now in the meridian of life were children: and in a few more days they will be swept away, to make room for others who shall hereafter arise. Since the beginning of the present year, how many have been removed into the eternal world! and before the expiration of another year, how many, who are now in health, will be taken to their long home! Truly, we are like the shadow of a cloud sweeping over the plain; and soon shall vanish, to be seen no more.]
This will account for,

II.

The portion which the Christian affects

For him a continuing city is prepared

[God himself has prepared it for him: yea, God himself has built it: and its foundations are laid so deep, that nothing can ever shake them [Note: Heb 11:10; Heb 11:16.]. To that city the Christian is already so far come, that he is entitled to all its privileges; and has, in a state of actual preparation for him, a mansion, in which he is to dwell for ever [Note: Heb 12:22. with Joh 14:2-3.]. In comparison of that city, all earthly edifices are unworthy of a thought. Not only are its walls and its foundations inconceivably superior to all that man can construct, but the very light that lightens it is altogether different: for, instead of needing the rays of the sun or of the moon, the glory of God does lighten it, and the Lamb is the light thereof [Note: Rev 21:10-23.].]

To this he constantly directs his steps
[He is careful to inquire his way thither, and to prosecute his journey towards it every day he lives. Like the Patriarchs, lie considers himself as a pilgrim and sojourner here: and, like them, whatever difficulties he meets with in the way, he presses forward, determining not to turn aside, or stop, till he has arrived within its gates [Note: Heb 11:13-16.]. He looks to it as the rest that remaineth for him; nor will he ever relax his labours, till he has attained it [Note: Heb 4:1; Heb 4:11.]. In this he may be clearly distinguished from all other persons. Others are desirous of finding somewhat of a present portion: but he seeks one to come, and makes it the one great business of his life to secure it.]

This subject may be improved,

1.

For our conviction

[If this be practical Christianity, how little have we lived like Christians! We have been ever ready to take up our rest in this world; and for the most part have sought for nothing beyond it. The things of time and sense have had as much effect upon our minds as if they had been of lasting continuance; whilst the things of eternity have been disregarded, as though they had been altogether transient. Were it not that we see this conduct all around us, we should scarcely conceive it possible that rational beings should act so irrational a part. Let us lay it to heart, and humble ourselves before God; and set our affections henceforth on things above, and not on things below.]

2.

For our consolation

[We may, in the course of our pilgrimage, be oppressed with many troubles: but they are all of short continuance; whereas, the happiness which we have in prospect will abide with us for ever. This consideration makes every affliction appear light and momentary [Note: 2Co 4:17-18.]; more especially when we reflect that tribulation is the way to the kingdom; and that we are, like our blessed Lord himself, to be made perfect through sufferings.]

3.

For our direction

[Bear in mind the emptiness and vanity of earthly things, and learn to sit loose to them; letting your moderation be known unto all men [Note: Php 4:5.]. In the use of them, be temperate; and, in the want of them, patient and resigned [Note: 1Co 7:29-31.]. And set before you the prize of your high calling, as those did who contended in the Grecian games. Keep it ever in view; and stop not till you have fully attained it. Then shall you have the approbation of your Judge; and ere long be received into the bosom of your God.]

Fuente: Charles Simeon’s Horae Homileticae (Old and New Testaments)

14 For here have we no continuing city, but we seek one to come.

Ver. 14. For here we have none ] Improve this argument for the working our hearts off from the things of this world; the beauty of all which is but as a fair picture drawn upon the ice, that melts away with it.

But we seek one to come ] And here we must all turn seekers. “Seek ye first the kingdom of God,” &c., Mat 6:33 . See Trapp on “ Mat 6:33 “

Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)

14 .] For (reason why such going forth is agreeable to our whole profession: not, as Bengel, al., why the word , and not , is used above) we have not here (on earth: not, as Heinrichs, in the earthly Jerusalem. in a local sense is said by Bhme, after Aristarchus, to be hardly Greek: but it is a mistake; the sense being found in the classics from Homer downwards. Palm and Rost, sub voce, maintain the correctness of Aristarchus’s view: but it seems beyond question that in such expressions as , the local meaning must be recognized) an abiding city, but we seek for ( , see on ref.) that (abiding city) which is to come (“Futuram civitatem hanc vocat, quia nobis futura est. Nam Deo, Christo, Augelis jam prsens est.” Schlichting. Yet this is not altogether true. The heavenly Jerusalem, in all her glory, is not yet existing, nor shall be until the number of the elect is accomplished. Then she shall come down out of heaven as a bride prepared for her husband, Rev 21:2 . This verse certainly comes with a solemn tone on the reader, considering how short a time the did actually remain, and how soon the destruction of Jerusalem put an end to the Jewish polity which was supposed to be so enduring).

Fuente: Henry Alford’s Greek Testament

seek. Same word in Heb 11:14.

one to come = the coming one.

Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics

14.] For (reason why such going forth is agreeable to our whole profession: not, as Bengel, al., why the word , and not , is used above) we have not here (on earth: not, as Heinrichs, in the earthly Jerusalem. in a local sense is said by Bhme, after Aristarchus, to be hardly Greek: but it is a mistake; the sense being found in the classics from Homer downwards. Palm and Rost, sub voce, maintain the correctness of Aristarchuss view: but it seems beyond question that in such expressions as , the local meaning must be recognized) an abiding city, but we seek for (, see on ref.) that (abiding city) which is to come (Futuram civitatem hanc vocat, quia nobis futura est. Nam Deo, Christo, Augelis jam prsens est. Schlichting. Yet this is not altogether true. The heavenly Jerusalem, in all her glory, is not yet existing, nor shall be until the number of the elect is accomplished. Then she shall come down out of heaven as a bride prepared for her husband, Rev 21:2. This verse certainly comes with a solemn tone on the reader, considering how short a time the did actually remain, and how soon the destruction of Jerusalem put an end to the Jewish polity which was supposed to be so enduring).

Fuente: The Greek Testament

Heb 13:14. , for) The reason why he uses the expression, the camp, not the city, Heb 13:13. Faith considers Jerusalem itself as a camp [not a city].-, ) A Paranomasia. At the same time not continuing is an allusion to the devastation of Jerusalem, which was then at hand. He does not condescend to name the city, which does not continue. We do not continue here; nor does the city itself continue at all.-, a city) ch. Heb 11:10, note. In like manner Paul, Php 3:20.-, one to come) ch. Heb 2:5, note.

Fuente: Gnomon of the New Testament

Praise, Prayer, and Peace

Heb 13:14-25

Notice that though the ancient sacrifices have been abolished, there is one which can never grow old-the sacrifice of praise. This incense must ever ascend from the heart-altar. And to this we must add the sacrifices of doing good and distributing our goods.

Perfection in the closing paragraph, Heb 13:21, means adjustment, the setting of a dislocated bone. We may be in the body of which Jesus is the Head, and yet be out of touch with Him. We need setting; and this is work which God will delegate to no angel, however exalted. He will do it Himself as tenderly and gently as possible, because He is the God of peace. Do you doubt it? Did He not bring the Shepherd to glory, and is He not able to bring the sheep also? Never rest until you are in living organic union with Jesus, that He may be able to work His will through you to your own great joy and for the hastening of the Kingdom.

Fuente: F.B. Meyer’s Through the Bible Commentary

Heb 4:9, Heb 11:9, Heb 11:10, Heb 11:12-16, Heb 12:22, Mic 2:10, 1Co 7:29, 2Co 4:17, 2Co 4:18, 2Co 5:1-8, Phi 3:20,*Gr: Col 3:1-3, 1Pe 4:7, 2Pe 3:13, 2Pe 3:14

Reciprocal: Gen 47:9 – The days Joh 14:2 – my 2Co 5:6 – whilst Heb 11:14 – they seek Heb 11:16 – for Rev 21:2 – the holy

Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

THE POSITION OF CHRISTIANS IN THE WORLD

For here we have no continuing city, but we seek one to come.

Heb 13:14

These words sum up what was certainly the apostolic mind as to the position of Christians in this world. They were membersthey could not help being membersas we are of a vast and powerful and complex association, human society; but with all its great attributes it wanted oneit wanted permanence. The world passeth awayis passing away, as we work or speak.

I. We are all of us under the unalterable necessity in one way or another of change.It is the absolute condition of existing, now and here. How shall we feel about this fact, as certain as death; how shall we meet it when we no longer merely know it, but imagine and realise it?no longer merely hear of it by the hearing of the ear, but see it with the inner eye of the living mind. It may impress and affect us in many ways. It may darken or it may brighten life; it may depress and discourage, or it may inspire with boundless hope. We may find in it the highest summons to courage or the excuse for the most enervating sentimentalism. We may bow our heads in sullen despair under the yoke of its necessity; we may cease to strive, and throw up the game in the vain attempt to master or to stem it; or we may see in it more gain than loss, and welcome it charged with infinite possibilities of recovery and advance. We may meet it, thankful that we are born under its dominion and its hopes; or we may meet it with the indifference with which we resign ourselves to what is inevitable; or with the regrets which see in it that which has robbed us of what we most loved and trusted, only a companionship with bereavement, decay, degeneracy; or with irritation at its monotony, its fruitlessness, its aimlessness, its undirected and purposeless course.

II. How does the Bible teach us to think and to feel about this truth, which often comes upon us so unexpectedly, with such piercing force? The Bible, we know, was written that we, through patience and comfort of the Scriptures, might have hope in the changes and chances of this mortal life, as well as in its sins, its temptations, its terrible evils. The Bible, which has told us of the presence and victory of our Lord, of the life and immortality which He has brought to light, teaches us abundantly what to think of change, both in its good and its evil, and of that unchanging glory in which it is to be swallowed up. But is there in the Bible any special guiding for judgment, for temper, for self-discipline, for everyday feeling and everyday behaviour, under the disquieting consciousness of changeany ever-ready counter-charm when the stern facts of change present themselves oppressively, insupportably? Doubtless, a sentence from the mouth of Christ, an inspiration of an Apostle, can carry strength and comfort to the soul. But we have that, too, which was a source of teaching and a stay to Apostles, and from the words of which the words of men, though taught by the Holy Ghost, even the Son of Man deigned to draw language for His feeling and thought. We have the Book of Psalms, the mirror of the deepest and most varied spiritual experience, the inspirer of the strongest feelings of religious assurance. In the Book of Psalms we may read how the believer in God may learn to feel and to act, when he sees the great currents of change sweep by him, and feels himself borne upon their tide.

III. Here we have no continuing city, any more than they had. But we know, with a distinctness which all of them had not, of a city which hath foundations, whose Builder and Maker is Goda house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens. But where is that passionate, delighted, triumphant faith of those men of old? What have we of their joy and gladness at the very thought of God, even amid the tumults of the nations and the overthrows of life, the certainty that at the best they too must soon follow the generation of their fathers? Where is that assurance which they had that to the godly there ariseth light in the darkness? He shall never be moved; he will not be afraid of any evil tidings, for his heart standeth fast and believeth in the Lord. Where is that fearful joy with which they responded even to the terrors of the world? The floods are risen, O Lord, the floods have lifted up their voice; the floods lift up their waves. The Lord sitteth above the waterflood; and the Lord remaineth a King for ever. The Lord shall give His people the blessing of peace. As surely as they were as we are, in the experience of life, so surely had they this lofty, burning faith, this never-failing, abundant hope. What reward shall I give unto the Lord for all the benefits which He hath done unto me? I will receive the cup of salvation, and call on the name of the Lord. And so they cast themselves into the arms of God, and were blessed. Oh that we could catch something of the contagion of that faith and hope, as day by day we repeat again and again their wonderful words!

Dean Church.

Illustration

Human pride, knowing the truth of perpetual change, has tried to defy it; the monuments of these mighty attempts in Egypt, in Assyria, in India, in China, have survived the centuries: there was once an empire which seemed as solid as the world; there was a city which called itself the Eternal City; and their ruins, like the drifted fragments of a wreck, battered but undestroyed, are the witnesses in our museums or in desolate places of the earth to those enormous powers of change over which mortal men once thought to triumph. It is in vaineven the unchanging East must go through its revolutionseven the Roman Empire must pass away:

So fails, so languishes, grows dim and dies,

All that this world is proud of. From their spheres

The stars of human glory are cast down:

Perish the roses and the flowers of kings,

Princes and emperors, and the crowns and palms

Of all the mighty.

The vast Frame

Of social nature changes evermore

Her organs and her members, with decay

Restless, and restless generation, powers

And functions dying and produced at need:

And by this law the mighty whole subsists.

Fuente: Church Pulpit Commentary

Verse Heb 13:14. The material things of this world are all finally to pass away. Even the cherished city of Jerusalem in which was located the temple and center of the Mosaic worship, was then about to be destroyed by the Romans. Then why not give attention to the service under Christ which will prepare one for the city which is to come and which will never pass away.

Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary

Heb 13:14. Israel still claimed to be the people of God, and Jerusalem was outwardly His dwelling-place. But God had already quitted it. Jerusalem, with its temple and ritesall were condemned. Here, therefore, we have no continuing city, no material temple, no imperfect sacrifice; but the cross and Christ and heaven the antitype of them all.

Fuente: A Popular Commentary on the New Testament

These words may be considered either relatively or absolutely: consider them with relation to the context, and their sense is this: “How cheerfully ought believers, according to the advice in the foregoing verse, to go forth to Christ without the camp, bearing his reproach, when they consider their present state and condition, that they have no city here below, that was now the seat of divine worship whereunto it was confined, as the Jews had at Jerusalem before the abolishment of their ceremonial worship; but they seek one to come, even the heavenly Jerusalem, where they shall worship God in his temple day and night?”

Consider the words absolutely in themselves, and two things seem to be intended and designed by them:

1. That our condition in this world is very uncertain and unsettled, We have no continuing city here.

2. It implies a tendency to a future settling, and the hopes and expectations we have of a happier condition, into which we shall enter when we go out of this world.

Learn hence, 1. That the world never did, nor ever will, give a state of satisfactory rest unto believers; it will not afford them a city of rest, hardly a place of refuge; they must therefore arise and depart, for this is not their rest.

Learn, 2. That as God has prepared a city of rest for believers, so it is their duty to seek and secure it, and continually endeavour the attainment of it, in the way of his own appointmen: We have not, but we seek.

Fuente: Expository Notes with Practical Observations on the New Testament

The city we seek is the heavenly Jerusalem. Our present habitation on earth is only temporary (cf. Heb 11:26).

Fuente: Expository Notes of Dr. Constable (Old and New Testaments)