Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Leviticus 22:13
But if the priest’s daughter be a widow, or divorced, and have no child, and is returned unto her father’s house, as in her youth, she shall eat of her father’s meat: but there shall no stranger eat thereof.
13. and have no child ] The children are debarred, as having had a non-priestly father, and the mother shares their disability.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Verse 13. But if the priest’s daughter be a widow – and is returned unto her father’s house] A widow in Bengal not unfrequently returns to her father’s house on the death of her husband: the union betwixt her and her own family is never so dissolved as among European nations. Thousands of widows in Bengal, whose husbands die before the consummation of marriage, never leave their parents. – WARD.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
13. there shall no stranger eatthereofThe interdict recorded (Le22:10) is repeated to show its stringency. All the Hebrews, eventhe nearest neighbors of the priest, the members of his familyexcepted, were considered strangers in this respect, so that they hadno right to eat of things offered at the altar.
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
But if the priest’s daughter be a widow or divorced,…. If her husband be dead, or if living, and she is put away by him, whether a Levite, or an Israelite:
and have no child: by him, as the Targum of Jonathan and Jarchi add, nor is with child by him:
and is returned to her father’s house, as in her youth, she shall eat of her father’s meat; not of all, or any part, only of some, of the heave offering, but not of the shoulder or breast, which is the tradition of the wise men, as Maimonides m relates. There are two cases in this affair excepted by them, which they suppose are implied in this clause; the one is, if she is detained and reserved for her husband’s brother, according to the law in De 25:5; she being without children; and so the Targum of Jonathan adds,
“and is not kept or reserved for her husband’s brother,”
which is implied by her being returned to her father’s house; and the other is, if she is with child; for though she had no children by her husband, yet if she is pregnant, that made her unlawful to eat of the holy things; for then she is not as in her youth n. The Jewish canon concerning such a person runs thus o; the daughter of a priest, married to an Israelite, may not eat of the heave offering; if he dies, and she has a son by him, she may not eat of the heave offering; if she is married to a Levite, she may eat of the tithes: if he dies, and she has a son by him, she may eat of the tithes: if she is married to a priest, she may eat of the heave offering; if he dies, and she has a son by him, she may eat of the heave offering; if her son by the priest dies, she may not eat of the heave offering; if her son by the Levite dies, she may not eat of the tithes; if her son by an Israelite, she may return to her father’s house, as it is said Le 22:13;
but there shall no stranger eat thereof; as not anyone of another nation, so not anyone of another family beside the priest’s, no, not the son of a priest’s daughter by an Israelite, which some think is principally intended; and so Aben Ezra remarks this is said of a son, if she had any, and upon whose account she herself might not eat.
m In Misn. Yebamot, c. 9. sect. 6. n Misn Yebamot, c. 7. sect. 4. & Bartenora in ib. o Misn. Yebamot, c. 9. sect. 6.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
(13) Be a widow, or divorced, and have no child.An exception, however, to this rule is, when the priests married daughter loses her husband either by death or by divorce, and has no children; under such circumstances she may resume her family ties under her paternal roof. Having lost her bread supplier, she may eat again her fathers bread. She could, however, only eat of the heave-offerings, but not of the wave-breast and heave-shoulder.
Returned unto her fathers house, as in her youth.As an inference from these words, two canons were enacted during the second Temple. (1) If thus left a widow without children, her departed husband has a surviving brother, who, according to the law, must marry his sister-in-law (see Lev. 18:16), and she is reserved for him, she cannot partake of the holy things, though she has temporarily returned unto her fathers house. Hence the Chaldee version renders this clause, returned to her fathers house, and is not reserved for her husbands brother. And (2) if she is with child at the death of her husband, and on her return home, she must not eat of the holy things. If the child dies she then is permitted to be incorporated again in her fathers family.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
Lev 22:13 But if the priest’s daughter be a widow, or divorced, and have no child, and is returned unto her father’s house, as in her youth, she shall eat of her father’s meat: but there shall no stranger eat thereof.
Ver. 13. And have no child. ] Nor is with child.
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
returned unto her father’s house: A widow in Bengal not unfrequently returns to her father’s house on the death of her husband: the union between her and her own family is never so dissolved as among European nations. Gen 38:11
as in her: Lev 10:14, Num 18:11-19
Reciprocal: Gen 2:24 – cleave Exo 21:9 – betrothed her unto Deu 24:2 – she may go