Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Judges 1:20
And they gave Hebron unto Caleb, as Moses said: and he expelled thence the three sons of Anak.
20. See the note on Jdg 1:10.
as Moses had spoken ] Num 14:24 JE; cf. Deu 1:36, Jos 14:6-15 D.
the three sons of Anak ] lit. of the Anak; the article shews that the noun is to be taken as a collective, i.e. as the name, not of an individual but of a tribe of people: similarly in Jos 15:13. These Ankites, or ( long -) necked people, were a race of very tall men, for centuries remembered by the Hebrews, Deu 1:28; Deu 9:2; they were specially associated with Hebron, Jos 11:21; Jos 14:12; Jos 14:15.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Verse 20. They gave Hebron unto Caleb] See this whole transaction explained Jos 14:12, &c.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Above mentioned Jdg 1:20
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
17-29. And Judah went with Simeonhis brotherThe course of the narrative is here resumed fromJud 1:9, and an account given ofJudah returning the services of Simeon (Jud1:3), by aiding in the prosecution of the war within theneighboring tribes.
slew the Canaanites thatinhabited Zephathor Zephathah (2Ch14:10), a valley lying in the southern portion of Canaan.
Hormahdestroyed infulfilment of an early vow of the Israelites (see on Nu21:2). The confederate tribes, pursuing their incursions in thatquarter, came successively to Gaza, Askelon, and Ekron, which theytook. But the Philistines seem soon to have regained possession ofthese cities.
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
And they gave Hebron unto Caleb, as Moses said,…. Which was done in the times of Joshua, both by him and all the people, according to the order of Moses. This is to be understood not of the city which was given to the Levites, but of the fields and parts adjacent,
Jos 14:13;
and he expelled thence the three sons of Anak: whose names are given Jud 1:10; this shows that this refers to the same expedition as in
Jos 15:14; and is expressed in the same manner.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
(20) Hebron.See Jos. 14:12-15; Jos. 15:13-14.
As Moses said.Num. 14:21.
It is remarkable that after this time Judah is only mentioned in Jdg. 10:9; Jdg. 15:10; Jdg. 20:18. The tribe produced no judge, with the possible exception of Ibzan (see Jdg. 12:8), nor is it mentioned in the song of Deborah. Perhaps we may see a reason for this in the strength which had won for Judah so secure a position. On the other hand, their conduct towards Samson was of the most abject kind (Jdg. 15:13). As the nation gained in settled position and command of the soil it lost in unity and strength of external action. Each tribe looked out for itself (Ewald, ii. 264).
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
EXPLOITS OF CALEB, AND COWARDICE OF BENJAMIN, Jdg 1:20-21.
20. Hebron For the allotment of this city to Caleb, see Jos 15:13-14, notes. The account is repeated here as a contrast to the pusillanimity of Benjamin, who, in permitting the Jebusites to hold Jerusalem, failed to accomplish a much less difficult task than the expulsion of the terrible Anakim from Hebron. Its repetition in this connexion may also contain the thought that it was only after Judah had conquered and taken possession of his territory that Caleb could quietly enjoy his possession of Hebron.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
‘ And they gave Hebron to Caleb, as Moses had said, and he drove out from there the three sons of Anak.’
This repeats what has already been described in Jdg 1:10 with the addition that Hebron and its surrounding area was specifically allotted to Caleb and his family in accordance with the word of Moses. Hebron was actually made a Levitical city. The three sons of Anak were as in Jdg 1:10. The stress here is that Moses’ words came true. The divine history is seen as one ongoing history, being fulfilled within the plan of God.
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett
DISCOURSE: 2473
THE CHRISTIANS DUTIES
Jdg 1:20-21. But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost, keep yourselves in the love of God, looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life.
IN every age there has prevailed in the Church a proneness to depart both from the principles and practice of the Gospel. St. Jude in his day, writing to the whole Christian Church respecting their common salvation, says, it was needful for him to write to them, and to exhort them all to contend earnestly for the faith once delivered to the saints.
At the same time he declares, that ungodly men had crept in amongst the saints, and had not only grievously dishonoured the Gospel, but had turned the very grace of God itself into lasciviousness, and vindicated their licentious practices as allowed and sanctioned by the Gospel of Christ [Note: ver. 3, 4.]. Against the influence of such pernicious examples, the Apostle was anxious to preserve all who yet maintained their integrity. He bade them remember, that the Apostles of our Lord had from the beginning taught them to expect, that such hypocrites and apostates would arise [Note: ver. 17, 18.]: and he exhorted them so to walk before God, that they might hold fast their steadfastness even to the end. The directions which he gave them were such as could not but approve themselves to their judgment, and commend themselves to their inmost souls. The same dangers to the Church are existing still; and the same directions therefore are necessary for us, as well as for those in the apostolic age. Permit me then to call your attention to them:
I.
To the two former, as instrumental to your welfare
Build up yourselves, brethren, on your most holy faith
[It is here supposed that you have embraced the faith, and that you are standing upon the true foundation which God himself has laid in Zion. But you must not be satisfied with having believed in Christ: for St. Paul says, As ye have received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk ye in him, rooted and built up in him, and established in the faith, as ye have been taught, abounding therein with thanksgiving [Note: Col 2:6-7.]. Your faith is verily a most holy faith: in its nature, in its tendency, and in all its practical effects, it is most holy; and to build up yourselves more and more upon it is your bounden duty. Seek then to advance continually in the knowledge of it, in all its bearings, and in all its relations. View the whole mystery as planned by Infinite Wisdom, and formed into a covenant of grace; the Father undertaking to accept an atonement in our behalf; the Son engaging to offer that atonement in his own sacred person; and the Holy Spirit engaging to bring to Christ those who should be given him of the Father, and those whom he should purchase with his most precious blood. Eternity itself will not suffice to explore the wonders contained in this mystery; and therefore, like the holy angels, we should incessantly be searching into it, with a view to comprehend, as far as our limited capacities can reach, the wisdom of God displayed in it
We should seek to grow also in a simple reliance on the Gospel of Christ, as of itself perfectly suited to us, and altogether sufficient for the necessities of the whole world. It is impossible ever to be too jealous upon this head; since the mixing of any thing with this foundation will subvert it utterly, and make void all that Christ has done and suffered for us [Note: Gal 5:2; Gal 5:4.]
In a realizing sense of its excellency, we should also be making higher and higher attainments. There is a rest of the mind, and a satisfaction of the soul, which it is our privilege to possess; and which, in its sublimer actings, approximates very nearly to the felicity of the saints above. There is no measure of this in which we should rest. We are told, that, by believing in Christ, we may be elevated to a joy that is unspeakable and full of glory, and may already (by anticipation) receive the end of our faith, even the salvation of our souls [Note: 1Pe 1:8-9.]
Yet not in these respects only, but in every possible view, we should be building up ourselves on our most holy faith, and be daily manifesting our progress, and making our profiting to appear to all around us.]
At the same time be praying continually in the Holy Ghost
[Of ourselves we can do nothing: our sufficiency even for a good thought, must he of God alone [Note: 2Co 3:5.]: and from him it must be sought by earnest prayer. He will be inquired of by us, before he will do for us what in his covenant of grace he has promised to us [Note: Eze 36:37.]. If we ask not, we cannot have [Note: Jam 4:2.]: but, if we ask in faith, we shall have our joy increased to the full [Note: Joh 16:24.]. We must therefore go to God continually; seeking from him in the first instance the Spirit of grace and supplications [Note: Zec 12:10.], by whose gracious influences alone we can approach him in an acceptable manner, and pray to him as we ought. That blessed Spirit will help our infirmities; and though he may not give us that fluency of utterance, or that enlargement of heart, which we may desire, he will make intercession in us with groanings which cannot be uttered [Note: Rom 8:26.], but which will enter the ears of our heavenly Father, who knoweth the mind of the Spirit [Note: Rom 8:27.], and will answer the petitions which are so dictated by him.
We are not indeed to expect any miraculous aid from the Holy Spirit: but a gracious influence we may expect; as St. Paul says, Pray always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit [Note: Eph 6:18.]. Nor need we be concerned whether we address our God in words conceived at the moment, or in a pre-composed form: it is the frame of mind which God regards: and, if that be spiritual, our prayer, even though it consist only of a sigh, or a groan, shall come up with acceptance before him [Note: Psa 38:9.], and shall bring down into our souls all the blessings both of grace and glory.
Whilst then we are building up ourselves on our most holy faith, we must be pouring out our hearts before him through the assistance of his good Spirit, and be bringing down from him such communications of grace and strength as our daily necessities require.]
The beneficial tendency of the two former directions being thus clear and manifest, let me call your attention,
II.
To the two latter, as perfective of your welfare
Keep yourselves in the love of God
[This was primary in the mind of the Apostle: the two preceding being urged only as conducive to it. And certainly this is the great object which every Christian should keep in view, and at which he should aim day and night. To have a sense of Gods love shed abroad in the heart [Note: Rom 5:5.]; to have the light of his countenance lifted up upon us [Note: Num 6:26.]; to be going to him continually as a Father [Note: Rom 8:15.]; to walk with him, as Enoch did [Note: Gen 5:24.]; and, like Abraham, to commune with him as a friend [Note: Jam 2:23.]; to set him always before us [Note: Psa 16:8.]; to have no wish or desire but to please him [Note: Col 1:10. Heb 13:21.]; to be delighting ourselves in him [Note: Psa 37:4.], as our God, our portion, our eternal great reward [Note: Gen 15:1.]: this is our wisdom; this is our happiness; this is our security. If we descend on lower ground, we are open to all manner of assaults: but who can reach us there? Who can break through to harm us, when we are dwelling in God, and God is dwelling in us [Note: 2Co 6:16.]? We are encompassed as with a wall of fire [Note: Zec 2:5.]; we are in a fortress that is absolutely impregnable [Note: Pro 18:10.]: we may defy the whole universe to separate us from his love [Note: Rom 8:39.].]
Let me then especially urge upon you this important duty. Live not at a distance from God: rest not in a formal acknowledgment of him: but endeavour to walk worthy of him unto all pleasing: get back, as far as possible, to the state of man in Paradise; and labour to walk as on the very borders of the eternal world. My beloved brethren, let your conversation be thus in heaven [Note: Php 3:20.]: and let all the faith which you exercise, and every prayer that you utter, be, as it were, a breeze to fill your sails, and bear you forward to your desired haven; that so you may never fall, but have an abundant entrance ministered unto you into the kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ [Note: 2Pe 1:10-11.].]
Look also for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life
[However close your walk with God may be, you must not on that account lean in the least degree to your own righteousness, but must rely entirely on the mercy of God in Christ Jesus, and expect eternal life solely as the gift of God for Christs sake [Note: Rom 6:23.]. And for this you must be waiting, looking, longing, in a state of constant preparation, and of eager expectation. The very perfection of the Christian state on earth is this, to be looking for and hasting unto the coming of the day of God [Note: 2Pe 3:12.]. Of many in the Corinthian Church the Apostle says, they came behind in no gift, waiting for the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ [Note: 1Co 1:8.]. Do ye then aspire after the same blessed attainment. Let your loins be girt, and your lamps trimmed, and yourselves as those who wait for the coming of the heavenly Bridegroom; that, when he shall come, you may enter in with him to the marriage feast. Whilst you are in such a frame as this, all earthly things will lose their influence; and all attempts, whether of men or devils, to retard your progress be in vain. From my inmost soul therefore I would offer in behalf of you the prayer which St. Paul offered for the Thessalonian Church, the prayer which so remarkably coincides with that of St. Jude in my text, The Lord direct your hearts into the love of God, and a patient waiting for Christ [Note: 2Th 3:5.].]
Application
[Settle it in your minds that this is true religion This is the state in which it is both your duty and your privilege to live and so living you are sure of mercy, and cannot fail of attaining that eternal life which the Lord Jesus Christ has purchased for you ]
Fuente: Charles Simeon’s Horae Homileticae (Old and New Testaments)
Though Joshua, we are told, had given this place to Caleb before, yet the possession of it was probably only now. See Jos 14:13-14 . And were not the victories of Jesus the same? Though Jehovah had given him the heathen for his inheritance, as well as to raise up the tribes of Jacob; yet Jesus had to conquer both before that he took possession of either. But under the sure prospect Christ considers them as already obtained. Gilead is mine, and Manasseh is mine. All mine, (Christ said to the Father) are thine, and thine are mine, and I am glorified in them. Psa 60:7 ; Joh 17:10 .
Fuente: Hawker’s Poor Man’s Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Jdg 1:20 And they gave Hebron unto Caleb, as Moses said: and he expelled thence the three sons of Anak.
Ver. 20. And they gave Hebron. ] See Jos 14:6-7 . See Trapp on “ Jos 14:6 “ See Trapp on “ Jos 14:7 “
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
20 But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost,
Ver. 20. Building up ] By holy conference, a singular help, a most needful but too much neglected duty.
Praying in the Holy Ghost ] Whose creature fervent prayer is.
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
as = accordingas. Compare Num 14:24. Jos 14:13; Jos 15:13.
three sons of Anak. See their names in Jdg 1:10 and App-23and App-25.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
they gave: Num 14:24, Deu 1:36, Jos 14:9-14, Jos 15:13, Jos 15:14, Jos 21:11, Jos 21:12
the three sons: Jdg 1:10, Num 13:22
Reciprocal: Num 13:28 – saw the Deu 1:28 – we have seen Jos 11:21 – the Anakims Jos 14:12 – I shall Jos 14:13 – gave unto 1Ch 6:55 – Hebron