Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Judges 7:23
And the men of Israel gathered themselves together out of Naphtali, and out of Asher, and out of all Manasseh, and pursued after the Midianites.
23 25. The pursuit
23 . out of Naphtali etc.] The same tribes, with the addition of Zebulun, were summoned before the battle, Jdg 6:35; they must have formed the bulk of the host dismissed in Jdg 7:3-8. They returned to their homes; but now hearing of Midian’s disaster, they assemble again, this time independently of Gideon, and pursue the enemy. Such must be the general sense intended by this verse, which, however, can hardly have belonged to the narrative originally.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Verse 23. The men of Israel gathered] It is very likely that these were some persons whom Gideon had sent home the day before, who now hearing that the Midianites were routed, went immediately in pursuit.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
23. the men of Israel gatheredthemselves togetherThese were evidently the parties dismissed,who having lingered at a little distance from the scene of contest,now eagerly joined in the pursuit southwestward through the valley.
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
And the men of Israel gathered themselves together,…. Not out of all the tribes, but out of those which lay nearest, and which are particularly mentioned:
out of Naphtali, and out of Asher, and out of all Manasseh: and these seem to be the same persons out of those tribes who first joined Gideon, but were separated from his army; both those that were fearful, and those that bowed their knees to drink, and who perhaps had not gone far before they heard of the defeat and flight of the Midianites; and therefore though they had not courage to face the enemy, at least most of them, yet had spirit enough to pursue a flying enemy; wherefore they returned, or however directed their course the nearest way, where they supposed they fled:
and pursued after the Midianites; and those that were with them.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
Pursuit of the Enemy as far as the Jordan. – Jdg 7:23. As soon as the Midianites had been put to flight, the Israelitish men of Naphtali, Asher, and Manasseh, let themselves be convened for the purpose of pursuing them: i.e., the men of these tribes, whom Gideon had sent away before the battle, and who were on their way home, could be summoned back again in a very short time to join in the pursuit of the flying foe. The omission of Zebulun (Jdg 6:35) is, in all probability, simply to be attributed to the brevity of the account.
Fuente: Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
| Gideon’s Victory. | B. C. 1249. |
23 And the men of Israel gathered themselves together out of Naphtali, and out of Asher, and out of all Manasseh, and pursued after the Midianites. 24 And Gideon sent messengers throughout all mount Ephraim, saying, Come down against the Midianites, and take before them the waters unto Beth-barah and Jordan. Then all the men of Ephraim gathered themselves together, and took the waters unto Beth-barah and Jordan. 25 And they took two princes of the Midianites, Oreb and Zeeb; and they slew Oreb upon the rock Oreb, and Zeeb they slew at the winepress of Zeeb, and pursued Midian, and brought the heads of Oreb and Zeeb to Gideon on the other side Jordan.
We have here the prosecution of this glorious victory. 1. Gideon’s soldiers that had been dismissed, and perhaps had begun to disperse themselves, upon notice of the enemies’ flight got together again, and vigorously pursued those whom they had not courage to face. The men of Israel out of Naphtali and Asher who did this (v. 23) were not such as now came from those distant countries, but the same that had enlisted themselves (ch. vi. 35), but had been cashiered. Those who were fearful and afraid to fight (v. 3) now took heart, when the worst was over, and were ready enough to divide the spoil, though backward to make the onset. Those also that might not fight though they had a mind to it, and were disbanded by order from God, did not as those, 2Ch 25:10; 2Ch 25:13, return in great anger, but waited for an opportunity of doing service in pursuing the victory, though they were denied the honour of helping to force the lines. 2. The Ephraimites, upon a summons from Gideon, came in unanimously, and secured the passes over Jordan, by the several fords, to cut off the enemies’ retreat into their own country, that they might be entirely destroyed, to prevent the like mischief to Israel another time. Now that they had begun to fall, it was easy to say, Down with them, Esth. vi. 13. They took the waters (v. 24), that is, posted themselves along the river side, so that the Midianites, who fled from those who pursued them, fell into the hands of those that waited to intercept them. Here were fear, and the pit, and the snare, Isa. xxiv. 17. 3. Two of the chief commanders of the host of Midian were taken and slain by the Ephraimites on this side Jordan, v. 25. Their names perhaps signified their nature, Oreb signifies a raven, and Zeeb a wolf (corvus and lupus). These in their flight had taken shelter, one in a rock (Isa 2:21; Rev 6:15), the other by a wine-press, as Gideon for fear of them had lately hid his corn by a wine-press, ch. vi. 11. But the places of their shelter were made the places of their slaughter, and the memory of it was preserved to posterity in the names of the places, to their perpetual infamy: Here fell the princes of Midian.
Fuente: Matthew Henry’s Whole Bible Commentary
(23) Out of Naphtali.Doubtless these pursuers were some of those who had left Gideons camp before the victory. Those of Naphtali and Asher might pursue the flying Midianites northwards (if Beth-shittah is the same Shultah), and those of Manasseh might pursue those who fled southwards to the lower fords.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
23. Gathered out of Naphtali Asher Manasseh Men out of these tribes might have been quickly summoned to the pursuit of the flying foe. Many of them, if not all, were probably the same as those whom Gideon had so recently sent to their homes. Jdg 7:8. “The cities given to Manasseh, on the west of the Jordan, were along the southern margin of Esdraelon, and on the hills above. Asher came up to Carmel, at the bottom of this plain, and a swift runner could reach them in an hour. A portion of Naphtali occupied the western shore of the lake of Tiberias, and could be reached in the same way and about the same time. It was possible, therefore, for them to receive the summons and respond to it.” Thomson.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
‘And the men of Israel were gathered together, out of Naphtali, and out of Asher, and out of all Manasseh, and pursued after Midian.’
The enemy having been routed by Yahweh, the chase now began. The three hundred would be first in pursuit (Jdg 8:4). The ten units in their tents would be the next to join the pursuit, followed by many more who would join them as messengers carried the news of the success. (Asher could hardly have joined in if they had not been still nearby. They would never have caught up).
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett
Though the Lord would not suffer victory to be wrought by more than three hundred, yet all Israel shall be called to the spoil. And thus, when Jesus accomplished salvation for his church and people, the whole of his train are invited to the feast of joy. See Rev 19:11-18 .
Fuente: Hawker’s Poor Man’s Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Jdg 7:23 And the men of Israel gathered themselves together out of Naphtali, and out of Asher, and out of all Manasseh, and pursued after the Midianites.
Ver. 23. And the men of Israel gathered themselves together. ] Various of those doubtless that, as white livered soldiers, had deserted the army; and others that, for their sloth and intemperance, were not honoured so far by God as to break a pitcher or to bear a torch, are now got together to pursue a flying enemy, and to share in the spoil.
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Jdg 6:35, 1Sa 14:21, 1Sa 14:22
Reciprocal: Deu 32:30 – one chase 1Sa 17:52 – the men of Israel 1Ki 20:21 – went out
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Jdg 7:23-24. The men of Israel gathered themselves together Upon advice of this flight of the Midianites, by swift messengers sent on purpose, the Israelites immediately poured down from all parts, to intercept them in their flight. Take before them the waters That is, the passes over those waters to which they are likely to come; unto Beth-barah and Jordan The fords of Jordan, which they must pass over into their own country.
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Pursuit of the enemy 7:23-25
The pursuit described in these verses may have taken several days. Gideon sent a call for reinforcements throughout the whole northern part of Canaan. Other Israelites responded and helped Gideon and his band round up and execute as many of the enemy as they could capture. Israel controlled the fords of the Jordan and slew many Midianites as they fled homeward. The Israelites also captured and executed the two leaders of the Midianite army, Oreb (lit. the Raven) and Zeeb (the Wolf), east of the Jordan. The Midianites had acted like scavengers and predators, so these names were ironically appropriate.
"Among ancient nations, generals and princes often took the names of birds and beasts." [Note: Bush, pp. 105-106.]
This record of God’s great deliverance of His people illustrates what God can do through one person who, though weak in faith, is willing to trust and obey Him.
"It is not our responsibility to understand how God is going to keep His word and accomplish His work. It is our responsibility to obey Him and to do what He commands." [Note: Inrig, p. 135.]