Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of 1 Chronicles 11:11
And this [is] the number of the mighty men whom David had; Jashobeam, a Hachmonite, the chief of the captains: he lifted up his spear against three hundred slain [by him] at one time.
11. this is the number ] More suitably in Samuel, “These be the names.”
Jashobeam ] Called “Jashobeam the son of Zabdiel” in 1Ch 27:2. The name “Jashobeam” is however uncertain. In 2 Sam. (1Ch 23:8, R.V.) it appears as “Josheb-basshebeth,” which is certainly wrong. LXX. (B) varies in reproducing the name, but it seems to have read “Ish-bosheth” in Samuel, and “Ish-baal” (Esh-baal) In both places of Chron. These readings are probably right. For the identity of the names “Ish-bosheth,” “Esh-baal” see 1Ch 8:33, note.
a Hachmonite ] R.V. the son of a Hachmonite; cp. 1Ch 27:32. In Samuel (wrongly) “a Tahchemonite.”
chief of the captains ] So Heb. (K’r), but the C’thb (which the R.V. follows) reads, chief of the thirty. Neither A.V. nor R.V. gives satisfactory sense. In 2Sa 23:8 the LXX. gives, chief of the third part [ of the army ], cp. ib. 2Sa 18:2; and this is perhaps right; the Heb. text of Sam. (if not faulty) probably bears the same sense.
he lift up his spear ] Lit. “he aroused his spear” (a poetic expression). Lift is an obsolete form of the past tense.
against three hundred ] Samuel “against eight hundred”; so Pesh. (good MSS.) of Chron. Some light is thrown on this exploit by 1Sa 18:25-27; the two hundred Philistines slain by David and his men were carefully counted and reckoned to the credit of David personally.
slain by him at one time ] R.V. and slew them at out time.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Chief of the captains – Or, of the thirty, according to another and better reading (see 1Ch 11:15, 1Ch 11:25; compare 2Sa 23:8 note). Jashobeam was the commander of the first monthly course of 24,090 soldiers 1Ch 27:2. He is probably the warrior of the name who joined David at Ziklag 1Ch 12:6.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Verse 11. The number of the mighty men] See 2Sa 23:8, c., and the notes there. The Targum has a remarkable addition here.
“These are the numbers of the strong men who were with David he was the potent chief of the army; he sat upon the throne of judgment, anointed with the holy oil, all the prophets and wise men standing about him. When he went to battle, he was assisted from on high; and when he sat down to teach the law, the true meaning arose up in his mind. He was elect and pleasant, of a beautiful mien and lovely countenance, exercised in wisdom, prudent in counsel, and strong in virtue; the prince of the assembly, of a melodious voice, master in hymns, and chief among the mighty. He was instructed in the use of martial weapons; he carried a spear, to which was appended the ensign of the host of Judah; he went forth according to the voice of the Holy Spirit, was victorious in battle, and overthrew with his spear three hundred men at one time.” – T.
On this and some of the following verses there is a judicious note of Dr. Kennicott, which I shall take the liberty to introduce, referring to his first Dissertation on the Hebrew text for farther illustration and proof, p. 128-144.
“Among the parallel places, a comparison of which may be of very considerable service, scarce any passages will appear more effectually to correct each other than the catalogue of David’s mighty men of valour, as it now stands in 2Sa 23:8-39, and in this chapter. About thirty-four Hebrew words have been lost out of this part of the passage in Chronicles, which are happily preserved in Samuel.
“The chief point of proof is this, that the catalogue divides these thirty-seven warriors into the captain-general, a first three, a second three, and the remaining thirty; and yet that the third captain of the first ternary is now here omitted. The following juxtaposition will show the whole deficiency, and properly supply it. But let it be observed that Jashobeam, the first captain of the first ternary, had been already mentioned, and that the history is here speaking of the second captain, namely, Eleazar.
2Sa 23:9: And after him was Eleazar the son
1Ch 11:12: And after him was Eleazar the son
S. of Dodo, the Ahohite, one of the three mighty
C. of Dodo, the Ahohite, who was one of the three mighties.
S. men with David when they defied
C. 13. He was with David at Pas-dammim, and there
S. the Philistines that were there gathered together to
C. the Philistines were gathered together to
S. battle, and the men of Israel were gone away.
C. battle, * * * * * *
S. 10. He arose and smote the Philistines until his
C. * * * * * * *
S. hand was weary and his hand clave unto the
C. * * * * * * *
S. sword; and the Lord wrought a great victory
C. * * * * * * *
S. that day: and the people returned after him only
C. * * * * * * *
S. to spoil. 11. And after him was SHAMMAH. the
C. * * * * * * *
S. son of Agee, the Hararite: and the Philistines
C. * * * * * * *
S. were gathered together into a troop, where was
C. * * * * * where was
S. a piece of ground full of lentiles: and the people
C. a parcel of ground full of barley, and the people
S. fled from the Philistines. 12. But he
C. fled from before the Philistines. 14. And they set
S. stood in the midst of the ground and defended
C. themselves, in the midst of that parcel, and delivered
S. it, and slew the Philistines: and the Lord
C. it, and slew the Philistines: and the Lord
S. wrought a great victory.
C. saved than by a great deliverance.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
An Hachmonite; called the Tachmonite, and Adino the Eznite, 2Sa 23:8.
Slain by him, to wit, by his own hand, five hundred more being slain by others then joining with him, who pursued the victory that he alone got, and in the pursuit slew five hundred, both which sums make up the eight hundred numbered 2Sa 23:8, the slaughter of all which is justly ascribed to him, because it was the effect of his valour. But concerning that and other differences about these persons or things, see my notes on 2Sa 23.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
11-13. Jashobeam, an Hachmoniteor,”son of Hachmoni.” He is called also son of Zabdiel (1Ch27:2), so that, strictly speaking, he was the grandson ofHachmoni (compare 1Ch 27:32).
lifted up his spear againstthree hundred slain by him at one timeThe feat is said (2Sa23:8) to have been a slaughter of eight hundred in one day. Someendeavor to reconcile the statements in that passage and in this bysupposing that he slew eight hundred on one occasion and threehundred on another; while others conjecture that he attacked a bodyof eight hundred, and, having slain three hundred of them, the restfled [LIGHTFOOT].
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
[See comments on 1Ch 11:1]
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
(11) And this is the number of the mighty men.The heading of the catalogue in Samuel is merely, These are the names of the warriors whom David had. The chronicler resumes, after the parenthetic explanation of the last verse, with These, the number of the warriors. The word number (mispar) seems to refer to the fact that the corps was originally known as the Thirty (comp. 1Ch. 11:12). In 1Ch. 12:23, the plural (misper) is used.
Jashobeam, an Hachmonite.Literally, Jasho-beam, son of a Hakmonite; but ben may be spurious, as in 1Ch. 9:7, and Neh. 11:10. The Hebrew of 2Sa. 23:8 has yoshebbashshebeth Tahkemoni, which has been supposed to be a corruption of Ishbosheth ha-hahmoni (Ishbosheth the Hachmonite). If this guess be right, the Jashobeam of our text may be a disguise of Eshbaal. This seems to be borne out by the readings of the Vatican LXX. here and at 1Ch. 27:2 : and . The Alex. MS., however, reads and , that is, Jashobeam.
The chief of the captains.The Hebrew text has head of the Thirty, and so the LXX. and Syriac. Captains (knights, or members of the royal staff.) is the reading of Samuel and the Hebrew margin here. The corps of the Thirty may also have been called the Knights; but the two Hebrew words might easily be confused (shelshm, shalshm). It is possible that the original reading was head of the Three (shelshah), as 1Ch. 11:11-14 describe an exploit of three champions.
He lifted up his spear.Literally, he it was who brandished his lance over three hundred slain in a single encounter. Samuel says eight hundred, but. the text there is otherwise very faulty. Yet as 1Ch. 11:20 records that the lesser hero, Abishai, slew three hundred, the greater number may be correct here. (Comp. the like exploit of Shamgar (Jdg. 3:31), and the feats ascribed to Rameses II. and to the heroes of the Iliad.) A well-armed champion might cut down whole companies of ordinary fighting-men.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
1Ch 11:11 And this [is] the number of the mighty men whom David had; Jashobeam, an Hachmonite, the chief of the captains: he lifted up his spear against three hundred slain [by him] at one time.
Ver. 11. Jashobeam, a Hachmonite. ] See on 2Sa 23:8 , where he is called Adino the Eznite; for he had two names.
Against three hundred.
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Jashobeam. See note on “Tachmonite” (2Sa 23:8).
captains, or thirty.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Jashobeam: 1Ch 27:2, 2Sa 23:8, The Tachmonite, Adino, the Eznite.
an Hachmonite: or, son of Hachmoni
Reciprocal: Lev 26:8 – General 1Ch 27:32 – son of Hachmoni
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
1Ch 11:11. Jashobeam a Hachmonite Called the Tachmonite, and Adino the Eznite, 2Sa 23:8. He lifted up his spear against three hundred slain, &c. By his own hand, five hundred more being slain by others then joining with him, who pursued the victory, both which sums make up the eight hundred, numbered 2Sa 23:8. The slaughter of all is justly ascribed to him, because it was the effect of his valour.
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
11:11 And this [is] the number of the mighty men whom David had; Jashobeam, an Hachmonite, the {b} chief of the captains: he lifted up his spear against three hundred slain [by him] at one time.
(b) Meaning, the most excellent and best esteemed for his valiantry: some read, the chief of the princes.