Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of 1 Chronicles 3:15
And the sons of Josiah [were], the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.
15. the firstborn Johanan ] This son of Josiah never came to the throne, nor is anything known of him except from this passage. Perhaps he died before he grew up.
Zedekiah ] Though reckoned third here, he was younger than Shallum (=Jehoahaz); cp. 2Ch 36:2 (= 2Ki 23:31) with 2Ch 36:11 (= 2Ki 24:18).
Shallum ] To be identified with Jehoahaz; cp. 2Ch 36:1 with Jer 22:11.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Of the sons of Josiah, Johanan, the first-born, who is mentioned in this place only, must, it would seem, have died before his father, or with him at Megiddo; and Shallum (also called Jehoahaz, marginal note and reference) was considerably older than Zedekiah, and was consequently the third, and not the fourth, son. He is perhaps assigned the fourth place here by way of intentional degradation. Compare Jer 22:10-12; Eze 19:3-4.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Of whom, at least under that name, there is no mention in thee history of the reign of Josiahs sons, 2Ki 23; 2Ki 24. But in Jer 22:11, there is mention of Shallum the son of Josiah king of Judah, which reigned instead of Josiah his father; which most conceive to be the same who is otherwise called Jehoahaz, 2Ki 23. And this seems most probable,
1. From that phrase, he reigned instead of Josiah; which implies that he immediately succeeded his father; otherwise he would have been said to have reigned instead of his brother, as Zedekiah is said to reign instead of Jehoiachin, 2Ki 24:17, because he was his next successor.
2. From the order of that sermon or discourse of Jeremiah, which was directed to Zedekiah, and his servants, and people, as appears by Jer 21:1,2,11; 22:1,2, whom he admonisheth by the examples of the kings his predecessors, and of the sentence of God concerning each of them, and that in order as they reigned:
1. Of Shallum, 1Ch 3:11, &c.
2. Of Jehoiakim, 1Ch 3:18, &c.
3. Of Jeconiah, 1Ch 3:24, &c. Therefore Shallum is the same with Jehoahaz, who was the first king after Josiah, 2Ki 23:30.
4. From the nature of that prophecy, Jer 22:11,12, which best agrees to Jehoahaz, who was carried captive not so far as Babylon, but only to Egypt, a very near country whence the people hoped that he would speedily and easily return, or be re-established in his throne by the king of Egypt, in opposition to the king of Babylon.
5. Because Jehoahaz was one of Josiahs younger sons, as appears by comparing 2Ki 23:31,36. And this Shallum is here called his fourth son.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
15. Zedekiahcalled the son ofJosiah (compare Jer 1:3; Jer 37:1),but in 2Ch 36:19 he isdescribed as the brother of Jehoiachin, who was the son of Jehoiakim,and consequently the grandson of Josiah. Words expressive ofaffinity or relationship are used with great latitude in the Hebrew.
ShallumNo king of thisname is mentioned in the history of Josiah’s sons (2Ki 14:1-29;2Ki 23:1-37), but there isa notice of Shallum the son of Josiah (Jer22:11), who reigned in the stead of his father, and who isgenerally supposed to be Jehoahaz, a younger son, here called thefourth, of Josiah.
1Ch3:17-24. SUCCESSORS OFJECONIAH.
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
And the sons of Josiah were, the firstborn Johanan,…. Of whom we nowhere else read; he probably died before his father Josiah:
the second Jehoiakim: whose name was Eliakim, changed for the former by the king of Egypt, when, he deposed his younger brother, and set him on the throne, 2Ki 23:24
the third Zedekiah; whose name was Mattaniah, but changed by the king of Babylon, when he placed him on the throne in the room of his brother’s son, 2Ki 24:17,
the fourth Shallum: the same with Jehoahaz, who was first made king in the room of his father; but reigning so short a time, and making so mean a figure, is mentioned last, see Jer 22:11.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
(15) And the sons of Josiah.The regular succession by primogeniture ceases with Josiah.
The firstborn Johanan (Iahweh bestowed) never ascended the throne of his fathers. He may have died early. He is not to be identified with Jehoahaz, who was two years younger than Jehoiakim (2Ki. 23:31; 2Ki. 23:36), and therefore could not have been the firstborn of Josiah.
The second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.The order of succession to the throne after Josiah was this:First, Shallum (= Jehoahaz, 2Ki. 23:30; comp. Jer. 22:11); then Jehoiakim (= Eliakim, 2Ki. 23:34; Jer. 22:18); then Jeconiah, son of Jehoiakini (= Jehoiachin, Jer. 22:24); and, lastly, Zedekiah (= Mattaniah, 2Ki. 24:17),
The third Zedekiah.Zedekiah was much younger than Shallum. Shallum was twenty-three when he came to the throne, which he occupied eleven years. Zedekiah succeeded him at the age of twenty-one (2Ki. 23:31; 2Ki. 24:18). The order of 1Ch. 3:15 is not wholly determined by seniority any more than by the actual succession. If age were considered, the order would be Jehoiakim, Shallum, Zedekiah; if the actual succession, it would be, Shallum, Jehoiakim, Zedekiah. The order of the text may have been influenced by the two considerations(1) That Jehoiakim and Zedekiah each enjoyed a reign of eleven years, while Shallum reigned only three months; (2) That Shallum and Zedekiah were full brothers, both being sons of Hamutal, whereas Jehoiakim was born of another of Josiahs wives, viz., Zebudah.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
1Ch 3:15 And the sons of Josiah [were], the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.
Ver. 15. Johanan. ] Alias Jehoahaz, 2Ki 23:30 alias Shallum. Jer 22:11 See on 2Ki 23:31 . Some think that Johanan was a distinct son from Jehoahaz: and conjecture that he was slain in battle together with his father Josiah.
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Johanan. Or, Jehoahaz. 2Ki 23:30.
Jehoiakim. Called Eliakim by his father, but Jehoiakim by Pharaoh-nechoh, king of Egypt (2Ki 23:34).
Zedekiah. The same as Mattaniah. Compare 2Ki 24:17, 2Ki 24:18. He was the last king of Judah.
Shallum. The same as Jehoahaz, the successor of Josiah (Jer 22:11. 2Ki 23:31, 2Ki 23:34).
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Reciprocal: 2Ki 23:31 – Jehoahaz 2Ki 23:34 – the son 2Ki 23:36 – Jehoiakim 2Ki 24:17 – his father’s brother 1Ch 3:16 – Zedekiah 2Ch 34:1 – Josiah 2Ch 36:1 – Jehoahaz 2Ch 36:4 – made Eliakim 2Ch 36:10 – Zedekiah Jer 21:1 – when Jer 22:11 – Shallum Jer 22:15 – thy Jer 37:1 – Zedekiah Mat 1:11 – Jechonias
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
1Ch 3:15. The firstborn Johanan This Johanan is thought by many to be the same with Jehoahaz, who succeeded Josiah in the throne. But it seems more probable, as he is not mentioned in the book of Kings nor elsewhere in the Scriptures, that he died before his father. The fourth Shallum Of whom, at least under that name, there is no mention in the history of the reign of Josiahs sons in 2 Kings: but in Jer 22:11 there is mention of Shallum the son of Josiah, king of Judah, who reigned instead of Josiah his father; whom most conceive to be the same, who is otherwise called Jehoahaz, 2 Kings 23. And this seems most probable, 1st, From that phrase, He reigned instead of Josiah, which implies that he immediately succeeded his father, otherwise he would have been said to have reigned instead of his brother, as Zedekiah is said to have reigned instead of Jehoiachin, 2Ki 24:17. 2d, From the order of that discourse of Jeremiah, which was directed to Zedekiah, and his servants, and people, and whom he admonisheth by the examples of the kings his predecessors, and of the sentence of God concerning each of them, and that in the order in which they reigned; of Shallum, 2Ki 24:11, &c.; of Jehoiakim, 2Ki 24:18, &c.; of Jechoniah or Coniah, Jer 22:28. 3d, From the nature of that prophecy, Jer 22:11-12, delivered concerning Shallum, which perfectly agrees to Jehoahaz, who was carried captive, not so far as Babylon, but only to Egypt, a very near country; whence the people hoped that he would speedily and easily return, or be re-established in his throne by the king of Egypt, in opposition to the king of Babylon. 4th, Because Jehoahaz was one of Josiahs younger sons, (2Ki 23:31; 2Ki 23:36,) and this Shallum is here called his fourth son.
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
3:15 And the sons of Josiah [were], the {e} firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum.
(e) So called because he was preferred for the royal dignity before his brother Jehoiakim who was the elder.