Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Exodus 29:38
Now this [is that] which thou shalt offer upon the altar; two lambs of the first year day by day continually.
38. the altar) the altar of burnt-offering, just referred to ( v. 36 f.).
offer (twice)] lit. do, as v. 36 (see on Exo 10:25). So v. 41.
of the first year ] see on Exo 12:5.
continually ] i.e. regularly: see on Exo 27:20, and cf. v. 42.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
38 42. The burnt-offering, to be offered daily, morning and evening, on behalf of the community. A law in great measure verbally identical, but somewhat fuller, recurs in Num 28:3-8, in a table, Numbers 28-29, of public sacrifices prescribed for different days in the year. Here it interrupts the connexion between vv. 37 and 43; so it is probable (Di. al.) that it has been introduced here from Numbers 28 with some abridgements, and adjustments in vv. 38a, 42b, fitting it to its new place, by a later hand, just as Exo 27:20 f. seems to have been similarly introduced from Lev 24:2 f. Its position (after v. 36 f.) is suitable: for the daily burnt-offering was a central and fundamental element in the worship (cf. Wellh. Hist. p. 80) notice the terms in which its suspension by Antiochus Epiphanes is alluded to in Dan 8:12 f., Dan 11:31, Dan 12:11 and its proper maintenance was one of the chief duties to be performed on the altar of v. 36 f.
The law, like Num 28:3-8 (cf. also Lev 6:9), regulates the post exilic usage. Before the exile, as 2Ki 16:15 shews, it was the custom to offer a burnt-offering in the morning, but only a minh, i.e. a cereal, or ‘meal,’ offering in the evening; Ezek. also (Eze 48:13-15) prescribes for the restored temple only a morning burnt-offering (with accompanying meal-offering: he prescribes no evening offering at all). Before the exile the minh thus held an independent position, as the evening offering: the present law duplicates the burnt-offering, and at the same time subordinates the evening minh to the evening burnt-offering (cf. on v. 40).
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Exo 29:38
The continual burnt-offering – The primary purpose of the national altar is here set forth. The victim slain every morning and every evening was an acknowledgment that the life of the people belonged to Yahweh; the offering of meal was an acknowledgment that all their works rightly done were His due (see Lev. 2); while the incense symbolized their daily prayers.
Exo 29:39
At even – See Exo 12:6.
Exo 29:40
A tenth deal – i. e. the tenth part of an Ephah; it is sometimes called an Omer (Exo 16:36; see Lev 23:13). The Ephah seems to have been rather less than four gallons and a half (see Lev 19:36 note); and the tenth deal of flour may have weighed about 3 lbs. 2 oz.
An hin – The word appears to be Egyptian. The measure was one-sixth of an ephah. The quarter of a bin was therefore about a pint and a half. See Lev 19:36 note.
Beaten oil – See Exo 27:20.
Wine for a drink offering – The earliest mention of the drink-offering is found in connection with Jacobs setting up the stone at Bethel Gen 35:14. But it is here first associated with the rites of the altar. The law of the drink-offering is stated Num 15:5 following. Nothing whatever is expressly said in the Old Testament regarding the mode in which the wine was treated: but it would seem probable, from the prohibition that it should not be poured upon the altar of incense Exo 30:9, that it used to be poured on the altar of burnt-offering.
Exo 29:42
At the door of the tabernacle – At the entrance of the tent.
Exo 29:43
The (tabernacle) shall be sanctified – The word tabernacle is certainly not the right one to be here supplied. What is probably meant is the spot in which Yahweh promises to meet with the assembly of His people. The verse may be rendered, And in that place will I meet with the children of Israel, and it shall be sanctified with my glory. See also the margin.
Exo 29:44-45
The purpose of the formal consecration of the sanctuary and of the priests who served in it was, that the whole nation which Yahweh had set free from its bondage in Egypt might be consecrated in its daily life, and dwell continually in His presence as a kingdom of priests and an holy nation. Exo 19:6.
Exo 29:46
Compare Gen 17:7.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Exo 29:38-46
I will dwell among the children of Israel.
The Divine presence in the Church
I. The condition of the Divine presence, moral and spiritual condition: everything must be holy. Entirely, daily, permanently, must we yield ourselves to God.
II. The blessedness of the Divine presence.
1. Enlightening (Exo 29:42).
2. Glorifying (Exo 29:43-44).
3. Redeeming (Exo 29:46).
4. Abiding. Dwell. Pleasures for evermore. (J. S. Exell, M. A.)
.
Fuente: Biblical Illustrator Edited by Joseph S. Exell
This is that which thou shalt offer: this is the chief end and use of this altar, though it served also for other sacrifices.
Day by day continually; to show, partly, that men do daily contract new defilement, and daily need new pardons; and partly, that God is not only to be worshipped upon rite sabbath days, and other set and solemn times, but every day.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
38. two lambs of the first year dayby day continuallyThe sacred preliminaries being completed,Moses was instructed in the end or design to which these preparationswere subservient, namely, the worship of God; and hence theinstitution of the morning and evening sacrifice. The institution wasso imperative, that in no circumstances was this daily oblation to bedispensed with; and the due observance of it would secure theoft-promised grace and blessing of their heavenly King.
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Now this is that which thou shalt offer upon the altar,…. An altar being ordered to be built, and this sanctified and expiated, and priests being appointed and consecrated to the service of it; an account is given of the offerings that should be offered up upon it every day, besides those that should be offered occasionally, and at other set times:
two lambs of the first year day by day continually; typical of Christ the Lamb of God, who continually, through the efficacy of his blood, and the virtue of his sacrifice, which are ever the same, takes away day by day the sins of his people. A lamb is a proper emblem of him for innocence and harmlessness, for meekness and humility, for patience, for usefulness for food and clothing, and especially for sacrifice; and these being of the
first year, may denote the tenderness of Christ, who as he grew up as a tender plant, so as a tender lamb, encompassed with infirmities, being in all things like unto his people, excepting sin; and as these were to be
without spot, Nu 28:3 and so here, in the Septuagint version, it may point at the purity of Christ, who is the Lamb of God, without spot and blemish, and who offered himself without spot to God, and was a fit sacrifice to be offered up for the taking away of the sins of men.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
The Daily Burnt-Offering, Meat-Offering, and Drink-Offering. – The directions concerning these are attached to the instructions for the consecration of the priests, because these sacrifices commenced immediately after the completion of the tabernacle, and, like the shew-bread (Exo 25:30), the daily trimming of the lamps (Exo 27:20-21), and the daily incense-offering (Exo 30:7.), were most intimately connected with the erection of the sanctuary.
Exo 29:38-40 “ And this is what thou shalt make (offer) upon the altar; yearling lambs two a day continually, ” one in the morning, the other between the two evenings (see at Exo 12:6); to every one a meat-offering ( minchah ) of a tenth of fine wheaten flour ( soleth , see at Lev 2:1), mixed with a quarter of a hin of beaten oil ( cathith , see at Exo 27:20), and a drink-offering ( nesek) of a quarter of a hin of wine. (a tenth) is equivalent to , the tenth part of an ephah (Num 28:5), or 198-5 Parisian cubic inches according to Bertheau’s measurement. Thenius, however, sets it down at 101-4 inches, whilst the Rabbins reckon it as equivalent to 43 hen’s eggs of average size, i.e., somewhat more than 2 1/4 lbs. A hin (a word of Egyptian origin) is 330-9 inches according to Bertheau, 168-9 according to Thenius, or 72 eggs, so that a quarter of a hin would be 18 eggs.
Exo 29:41-46 is to be understood ad sensum as referring to . The daily morning and evening sacrifices were to be “for a sweet savour, a firing unto Jehovah” (see at Lev 1:9). In these Israel was to consecrate its life daily unto the Lord (see at Lev 1 and 2). In order that the whole of the daily life might be included, it was to be offered continually every morning and evening for all future time (“throughout your generations” as at Exo 12:14) at the door of the tabernacle, i.e., upon the altar erected there, before Jehovah, who would meet with the people and commune with them there (see Exo 25:22). This promise is carried out still further in Exo 29:43-46. First of all, for the purpose of elucidating and strengthening the words, “I will meet with you there” (Exo 29:42), the presence and communion of God, which are attached to the ark of the covenant in Exo 25:22, are ensured to the whole nation in the words, “And there I will meet with the children of Israel, and it (Israel) shall be sanctified through My glory.” As the people were not allowed to approach the ark of the covenant, but only to draw near to the altar of burnt-offering in the sanctuary, it was important to declare that the Lord would manifest Himself to them even there, and sanctify them by His glory. Most of the commentators have taken the altar to be the subject of “shall be sanctified;” but this is certainly an error, not only because the altar is not mentioned in the previous clause, and only slightly hinted at in the in Exo 29:41, but principally because the sanctification of the altar is noticed by itself afterwards in Exo 29:44. The correct exegesis is that adopted by Baumgarten and others, who supply the word Israel (viz., regarded as a nation), which they take from the expression “children of Israel” in the previous clause. In Exo 29:44, the sanctification of the tabernacle and altar on the part of God is promised, also that of His servants, and finally, in Exo 29:45, Exo 29:46, the abode of God in the midst of the children of Israel, with an allusion to the blessings that would follow from Jehovah’s dwelling in the midst of them as their God (Gen 17:7).
Fuente: Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
38 Now this is that which thou shalt offer upon the altar; two lambs of the first year day by day continually. 39 The one lamb thou shalt offer in the morning; and the other lamb thou shalt offer at even: 40 And with the one lamb a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering. 41 And the other lamb thou shalt offer at even, and shalt do thereto according to the meat offering of the morning, and according to the drink offering thereof, for a sweet savour, an offering made by fire unto the LORD. 42 This shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD: where I will meet you, to speak there unto thee. 43 And there I will meet with the children of Israel, and the tabernacle shall be sanctified by my glory. 44 And I will sanctify the tabernacle of the congregation, and the altar: I will sanctify also both Aaron and his sons, to minister to me in the priest’s office. 45 And I will dwell among the children of Israel, and will be their God. 46 And they shall know that I am the LORD their God, that brought them forth out of the land of Egypt, that I may dwell among them: I am the LORD their God.
In this paragraph we have,
I. The daily service appointed. A lamb was to be offered upon the altar every morning, and a lamb every evening, each with a meat-offering, both made by fire, as a continual burnt-offering throughout their generations, v. 38-41. Whether there were any other sacrifices to be offered or not, these were sure to be offered, at the public charge, for the benefit and comfort of all Israel, to make atonement for their daily sins, and to be an acknowledgement to God of their daily mercies. This was that which the duty of every day required. The taking away of this daily sacrifice by Antiochus, for so many evenings and mornings, was that great calamity of the church which was foretold, Dan. viii. 11. Note, 1. This typified the continual intercession which Christ ever lives to make, in virtue of his satisfaction, for the continual sanctification of his church: though he offered himself once for all, yet that one offering thus becomes a continual offering. 2. This teaches us to offer up to God the spiritual sacrifices of prayer and praise every day, morning and evening, in humble acknowledgement of our dependence upon him and our obligations to him. Our daily devotions must be looked upon as the most needful of our daily works and the most pleasant of our daily comforts. Whatever business we have, this must never be omitted, either morning or evening; prayer-time must be kept up as duly as meat-time. The daily sacrifices were as the daily meals in God’s house, and therefore they were always attended with bread and wine. Those starve their own souls that keep not up a constant attendance on the throne of grace.
II. Great and precious promises made of God’s favour to Israel, and the tokens of his special presence with them, while they thus kept up his institutions among them. He speaks as one well pleased with the appointment of the daily sacrifice; for, before he proceeds to the other appointments that follow, he interposes these promises. It is constancy in religion that brings in the comfort of it. He promises, 1. That he would keep up communion with them; that he would not only meet Moses, and speak to him, but that he would meet the children of Israel, (v. 43), to accept the daily sacrifices offered up on their behalf. Note, God will not fail to give those the meeting who diligently and conscientiously attend upon him in the ordinances of his own appointment. 2. That he would own his own institutions, the tabernacle, the altar, the priesthood (Exo 29:43; Exo 29:44); he would take possession of that which was consecrated to him. Note, What is sanctified to the glory of God shall be sanctified by his glory. If we do our part, God will do his, and will mark and fit that for himself which is in sincerity given up to him. 3. That he would reside among them as God in covenant with them, and would give them sure and comfortable tokens of his peculiar favour to them, and his special presence with them (Exo 29:45; Exo 29:46): I will dwell among the children of Israel. Note, Where God sets up the tabernacle of his ordinances he will himself dwell. Lo, I am with you always, Matt. xxviii. 20. Those that abide in God’s house shall have God to abide with them. I will be their God, and they shall know that I am so. Note, Those are truly happy that have a covenant-interest in God as theirs and the comfortable evidence of that interest. If we have this, we have enough, and need no more to make us happy.
Fuente: Matthew Henry’s Whole Bible Commentary
Verses 38-42:
Two sacrifices were to be offered each day: one each morning and one each evening. The sacrifice was to be a year-old lamb, bread (meat) made of about three pounds of flour and a pint and a half of oil, and about a pint and a half of wine. This was to be a perpetual practice in Israel.
For the significance of this today, see Heb 10:1-3, 11-14.
Fuente: Garner-Howes Baptist Commentary
38. Now this is that which thou shalt offer. I have thought it well to give the first place among the sacrifices to that daily one which is called the continual sacrifice; for God would have two lambs offered to Him every morning and evening, that the people might perpetually exercise themselves in the recollection of the future reconciliation. But, although the sacrifices were constantly repeated under the Law, inasmuch as their offering had no efficacy in expiating sin, yet it must be observed that, as the priest entered once every year into the holy of holies with blood, so it was profitable that another kind of victim should be daily set before the people’s eyes, in order that they might reflect that they had constant need of being reconciled to God. Propitiation was, therefore, daily made with two lambs, that the Israelites, being reminded of their guilt and condemnation, from the beginning to the end of the day, might learn to fly to God’s mercy. The lamb chosen for this sacrifice was spotless and entire, for the mention of its age (one year) implies its perfection or entireness. It was offered with a cake made with oil, and a libation of wine; and doubtless the ancients were reminded by these symbols that it is not lawful to offer anything tasteless to God. True that God was not gratified by their sweet savor, neither did He desire to accustom the priests to delicacies that they might be epicures under color of religion; for the scent of wine cannot in itself be pleasing to God; but the object of these seasonings was that the people should not rest in the bare and empty figures, but should acknowledge that something better and more excellent underlay them. The savor of the wine and oil, then, was nothing else than the spiritual truth; that the people, for their part., might bring to the sacrifices faith and repentance. And assuredly the external ceremony without the reality would have been mere folly. Even heathen nations partially imitated this rite; whence those words of Horace, —
” Utque sacerdotis fugitivus, liba recuso :” (230) “And like a runaway from priests, cakes I refuse:”
whereby he implies that cakes were universally offered to idols. But this was a mere blind mimicry, for they looked no higher, but thought that their gods took delight, like, human beings, in sweet and delicate foods; whilst, as I have above hinted, God’s intention was very different; for, by the, external savor, He desired to arouse His people, so that, being affected by a serious feeling of repentance, and by pure faith, they should seek for the remission of their sins, not in these lambs which they saw slain, but in the victim promised to them. They called it the “continual” sacrifice, because God commanded it to be offered continually through all generations; but it appears from Daniel that it was temporary, for it ceased at the coming of Christ; for so speaks the angel: Christ
“shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the continual sacrifice, and the oblation ( minha) to cease.” (231) (Dan 9:27.)
It is clear that he speaks of this kind of sacrifice. Hence we assuredly gather that by this sacrifice the minds of the people were directed to Christ. But if this was its use and object with the ancients, the profit of it now returns upon us, that we may know that whatever was then shewn under the figure was fulfilled in Christ. God promises that this sacrifice would be to Him “a savor of rest.” (232) We may not, therefore, doubt but that He has been altogether propitiated to us by the sacrifices of His only-begotten Son, and has remitted our sins. But although Christ was once offered, that by that one offering He might consecrate us for ever to God, yet by this daily sacrifice under the Law, we learn that by the benefit of His death pardon is always ready for us, as Paul says (233) that God continually reconciles Himself to the Church when He sets before it the sacrifice of Christ in the Gospel As to the word minha, (234) although it is derived from, נחה nachah, which means to offer, still we must consider it to be peculiarly applied to this oblation, which was a kind of appendix to the daily sacrifice. There are some, too, who restrict it to the evening sacrifice alone, but, when it is used in connection with victims, it is also extended generally to other offerings.
(230) Hor. Epis. 1 10:10.
(231) A. V., “The sacrifice and the oblation to cease.”
(232) See Num 28:2. Margin, A. V. “a savor of my rest.”
(233) The reference here is to 2Co 7:2, a misprint, I presume, for 2Co 6:2.
(234) מנחה, A. V., “meat offering.” In deriving this word from, נחה, C. follows S. M.; but later lexicographers observe that this verb means to go or lead, and not to offer; while they tell us that the root מנח has been preserved in Arabic, and signifies to give freely. — W.
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
THE LAW OF THE DAILY SACRIFICE, AND THE PROMISE OF GODS PRESENCE.
(38-42) The consecration of the altar, which took place during the consecration of the priests, was to be followed immediately by the establishment of the daily sacrifice. Two lambs were to be offered every day, one in the morning, the other between the evenings (Exo. 29:39); partly in expiation of the daily sins of the nation, but mainly as a sign that the nation daily renewed its self-dedication to Jehovah, and offered itself afresh to be a reasonable, holy, and lively sacrifice to Him. Meat and drink offerings were to accompany the burnt sacrificesigns of the gratitude due to God for His perpetual mercies, and acknowledgments of His protecting care and lovingkindness. At the same time incense was to be burnt upon the golden altar before the vail, as a figure of the perpetual prayer that it behoved the nation to send up to the Throne of Grace for a continuance of the Divine favour. (See Exo. 30:7-8.)
(38) Two lambs of the first year.See Note on Exo. 12:5. The LXX. insert , without blemish; but this general requirement (Lev. 22:22; Lev. 22:24-25), relaxed only in the case of free-will offerings (Lev. 22:23), does not need to be perpetually repeated.
(39) At even.Heb., between the two evenings. (On the meaning of the phrase, see Note 2 on Exo. 12:6.)
(40) A tenth deal.Heb., a tenth. A tenth of what measure is not said, but we may presume an ephah to be intended. The tenth part of an ephah was an omer (Exo. 16:36). The omer is reckoned at rather less than half a gallon.
An hin.The hin was, like the omer and the ephah, an Egyptian measure. It is estimated at about three-quarters of a gallon.
Beaten oil.See Note 1 on Exo. 27:20.
(41) The meat offering . . . the drink offering.A handful of each meat offering was thrown upon the altar and burnt (Lev. 2:2); the remainder belonged to the priests (Lev. 2:3). Scripture says nothing of the disposal of the drink offering. According to Josephus (Ant. Jud. iii. 9, 4), it was poured out in libation upon the altar. According to others, a portion only was thus disposed of, while the rest was the priests. The latter view seems the more probable.
(42) The tabernacle of the congregation.Rather, the tent of meeting.
Where I will meet you.This passage determines the meaning of the expression, tent of meeting. It was not the place where the congregation met together, for the congregation were forbidden to enter it, but the place where God met His people through their mediator and representative, the high priest, who could there commune with God and obtain replies from Him on all practical matters that were of national importance. (See Exo. 25:22 and Note ad loc.) The fact that all communication was to be through the high priest is indicated by the change of person: Where I will meet you, to speak there unto thee.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
THE CONTINUAL BURNT OFFERING, Exo 29:38-46.
38. Two lambs day by day continually In immediate connexion with the consecration of the altar, the main purpose for which it was established is now indicated, namely, the offering of continual sacrifices, meat offerings and drink offerings .
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
What Is To Be Offered On The Altar: The Continual Burnt Offering ( Exo 29:38-42 ).
Exo 29:38-42
“Now this is what you will offer on the altar. Two lambs of the first year day by day continually. The one lamb you will offer in the morning, and the other lamb you will offer between the two evenings. And with the one lamb a tenth part of fine flour mingled with a fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink offering. And the other lamb you will offer between the two evenings, and you shall do to it in accordance with the meal offering of the morning, and according to its drink offering, for a sweet savour, an offering made by fire to Yahweh. It shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the Tent of Meeting before Yahweh, where I will meet with you to speak there to you.”
This is a short chiasmus standing on its own:
a The offering of the two lambs continually (Exo 29:38-39).
b The first lamb to be offered to be mingled with beaten oil and wine (Exo 29:40)
b The other lamb to be offered in a similar way, an offering made by fire to Yahweh (Exo 29:41).
a These are to be a continual burnt offering (Exo 29:42).
The priest and the altar having been consecrated and sanctified their first important use is now described, the continual whole burnt offering to be offered day by day continually through the centuries, a reminder that sin continues and that daily atonement is therefore required, and that daily there should be a full dedication of each member of Israel to the covenant and to the service of Yahweh. In the words of Paul they were to, ‘present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable to God, which is the reasonable service for you to perform’ (Rom 12:1), in that case in order to do the will of God.
“ Two lambs of the first year day by day continually.” Compare Exo 12:5. It will be a daily reminder of their deliverance from Egypt. But the prime objective is a continual making of atonement for the whole people and a rededicating of them to the covenant of Yahweh. Lambs and goats of the first year were regularly used as offerings. New life is being offered to God as it begins to mature, just as we should offer ourselves to God as we begin to mature, dying with Christ and rising with Him to newness of life. And that offering of a new life was a continual reminder that man’s need for atonement begins at an early age. Every day for over a thousand years this offering would be made, with a short break for the exile, and even then some faithful priests may have entered the ruins of Jerusalem to offer a lamb on a purpose built altar.
They are to be offered one in the morning, and one ‘between the two evenings’ and thus at around dusk. In 2Ki 16:15 we learn that this had become ever more complicated for we read ‘on the great altar burn the morning whole burnt offering, and the evening meal offering, and the king’s whole burnt offering, and his meal offering, with the whole burnt offering of the people of the land and their meal offerings and their drink offerings.’ Here there were three whole burnt offerings, the morning whole burnt offering, and in the evening the king’s whole burnt offering and the people’s whole burnt offering. Thus the evening offering had been expanded into two whole burnt offerings, one for the king and one for the people, while there was also a combined meal (cereal) offering on behalf of both, and further meal and drink offerings.
“ And with the one lamb a tenth part of fine flour mingled with a fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink offering. And the other lamb you will offer between the two evenings, and you shall do to it in accordance with the meal offering of the morning, and according to its drink offering, for a sweet savour, an offering made by fire to Yahweh.” With each lamb were to be offered a meal offering of fine flour mingled with oil and a drink offering. The ‘tenth part’ was probably of an ephah and therefore about the quantity held by a 2:2 litre vessel (therefore about 1:3 kilograms or 3 pounds weight), and the fourth part of a hin would be about 0:9 litres (1:5 pints). Thus God was being offered meat, cereal and wine by means of them being burned up as a sign of gratitude for His full provision for man’s needs and as a sign of the dedication of all parts of their lives. It was a sweet savour to God, that is, it was well pleasing to Him. And it was an offering made by fire, and therefore wholly consumed and very holy. It was seen by God as of great worth.
“ It shall be a continual whole burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the Tent of Meeting before Yahweh, where I will meet with you to speak there to you.” The offering was a continuous one day by day long into the future (‘throughout your generations’) or on behalf of their future generations (‘for your generations’). It was offered on the brazen altar which was before the door of the Tent of Meeting. And from there Yahweh would speak to them, through Moses (and later Joshua), and through ‘the Priest’ by Urim and Thummim. The people could not enter the sanctuary. They could at the most only enter the courtyard before the Sanctuary. And their representatives would speak to them from the door of the Tent of Meeting.
The great importance of the daily offering is brought out in that it is that offering which is used here to illustrate the purpose of the anointing and consecrating of Aaron. It is the central offering which symbolises all other offerings, the basic evidence of the acceptability of His people to God on a continual basis.
Fuente: Commentary Series on the Bible by Peter Pett
The Daily Burnt Offering
v. 38. Now this is that which thou shalt offer upon the altar: two lambs of the first year day by day continually. v. 39. The one lamb thou shalt offer in the morning; and the other lamb thou shalt offer at even, v. 40. And with the one lamb a tenth deal v. 41. And the other lamb thou shalt offer at even, and shalt do thereto according to the meat-offering of the morning and according to the drink-offering thereof, for a sweet savor, an offering made by fire unto the Lord. v. 42. This shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the Tabernacle of the congregation before the Lord, where I will meet you to speak there unto thee. v. 43. And there I will meet with the children of Israel, and the Tabernacle v. 44. And I will sanctify the Tabernacle of the Congregation and the altar; I will sanctify also both Aaron and his sons to minister to Me in the priest’s office.
v. 45. And I will dwell among the children of Israel and will be their God. v. 46. And they shall know that I am the Lord, their God, that brought them forth out of the land of Egypt, that I may dwell among them. I am the Lord, their God.
Fuente: The Popular Commentary on the Bible by Kretzmann
EXPOSITION
THE DAILY SACRIFICE. The consecration of the altar, which is made a part of the consecration of the priests, is to be followed immediately by the establishment of the daily sacrifice. Two lambs are to be offered day by day to the Lord, one in the morning and the other in the evening, as “a continual burnt-offering” (Exo 29:42), in acknowledgment that the life of the people belonged to Jehovah (Cook), aria that they were bound to offer perpetually “themselves, their souls and bodies, to be a reasonable holy, and lively sacrifice” to him. The burnt-offerings were to be accompanied by appropriate “meat and drink-offerings”i.e; by a certain quantity of flour mingled with olive oil for the one, and a certain quantity of wine for the otherindications of the debt of gratitude which the nation owed to God for his continual benefits
Exo 29:38
Lambs of the first year. Compare Exo 12:5. The LXX. add “without blemish.” But this is unnecessary, as all victims were to be without blemish (Le Exo 22:20 : Deu 15:21, etc.)
Exo 29:39
At even. Literally, “between the two evenings.” (See the comment on Exo 12:6.) Josephus says (Ant. Jud. 14.4, 3) that the hour in ordinary use was three.
Exo 29:40
A tenth deali.e; a “tenth part.” The tenth part of an ephah is no doubt meant. This was sometimes called “an omen” (Exo 16:36), and would be about three pounds weight of flour, or a little more. One fourth part of an hin of beaten oil. The word hin is said to be Egyptian. It occurs here for the first time. The bin was the sixth part of a bath, and probably contained about one pint and a half English. The fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink-offering. The application of the “drink-offerings” is uncertain. Josephus says (Ant. Jud. 3.9, 4) that they were poured out round the brazen altar. But the analogy of the “meat offering” makes it probable that a portion only was thus treated, while the greater part belonged to the priests. In the entire provision by which burnt and peace-offering were to be necessarily accompanied with meat-offerings and drink-offerings, we can scarcely be wrong in seeing an arrangement made especially for the convenience of the priests.
Exo 29:41
Thou shalt do thereto according to the meat-offering, etc. “Thou shalt offer”i.e; “the same meat-offering and drink-offering with the evening as with the morning sacrifice.” For a sweet savour, See the comment on Exo 29:18.
Exo 29:42
Throughout your generations. Rather, “for your generations.” The tabernacle of the congregation. Rather, “of meeting””the tabernacle of meeting, where I will meet you.” The verb and substantive are modifications of the same word, . It is this passage which definitely fixes the meaning of the phrase incorrectly rendered “the tabernacle of the congregation” by our translators.
HOMILETICS
Exo 29:38 42
The value of a daily service.
Perpetual remembrance of God is one of the greatest needs for the maintenance and furtherance of religion. “Pray without ceasing.” “In everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto God” (Php 4:6). “I have set the Lord alway before my face” (Psa 16:8). These and numerous other texts lay down the perfect lawconstant worship of the Almighty. But human weakness, and the pressing concerns of life, make literal compliance with the perfect law impossible. And in his mercy God relaxes the law. “At evening and morning, and at noonday, will I pray,” says the man after his own heart (Psa 55:17); “and he shall hear my voice.” Daniel prayed “three times a day, with his window open towards Jerusalem” (Dan 6:10). Coldness and worldliness have in the Christian Church reduced, for the most part, the “three times” to twice; but still the obligation is acknowledged under all circumstances at morn and even to lift the heart to God, and “look up.” Now, it is a great help towards maintaining this minimum that there should be, twice a day, a public service. The daily morning and evening sacrifice were a perpetual reminder to the Israelites of their duty in respect of prayerthey felt the “lifting up of their hands” to beaccording to the time of ita morning or “an evening sacrifice” (Psa 141:2). And so, in the Christian Church, public service twice a day, which prevails widely, is of great value.
I. AS REMINDING MEN OF THE DUTY OF SUCH CONSTANT SUPPLICATIONas keeping it before them, by the sight of open church doors, and the sound of chiming bells, that God is, at the least, to be addressed twice a day, at morn and even, in earnest, heartfelt prayer; to be praised and thanked for his mercies, intreated for his forgiveness, besought for his support, and help, and blessing. What is done by public authority rouses attention, provokes inquiry, raises a general feeling that it would not be done unless it were right. Many a man, who has long neglected private prayer, has been led to acknowledge himself wrong, and to revert to the practice of it by the witness bornethe protest madeby those churches which persistently keep up the substitute for the morning and evening sacrifice of the tabernacle and temple, to witthat daily morning and evening service in the sanctuary, which the Church of England, among others, enjoins upon her ministers.
II. AS ENABLING THEM TO PERFORM THE DUTY IN QUIETNESS, WITHOUT DISTRACTION. In many homes there is no quietness, no retired spot to which husband, or wife, or child can go for silent communion with the Almighty Father, or the Saviour. All is noise, tumult, bustle, hurrynay, sometimes, all is quarrel, angry words, cruel blows, threats, curses. Private prayer in such households, if it was ever known, drops out of use. Frequently, it is not allowedit provokes an outbreakif done at all, it has to be done secretly, hastily, in fear and trembling. In such cases, how great a blessing is it to those who feel the need of prayer, that there should be somewhere near them a sacred spot, whither they can, occasionally at any rate, betake themselves to pray their own prayers, or join in the prayers of others as may seem best to them, and feel the near presence of the Almighty! “How amiable are thy tabernacles, O Lord of Hosts! My soul longeth, yea, even fainteth for the courts of the Lord!” “One day in thy courts is better than a thousand” elsewhere.
HOMILIES BY J. ORR
Exo 29:38-43
The daily burnt-offering.
Symbol of consecration of life of the nation.
1. Offered at morn and even.
2. Continually.
3. With meat-offering-Medication of life in its practical activities.J.O.
Fuente: The Complete Pulpit Commentary
Exo 29:38. Now this is that which thou shalt offer upon the altar Having mentioned this holy altar, the Lord now proceeds to enjoin that daily sacrifice of two lambs which was to be offered morning and evening upon it; that is, most probably, after their settlement in Canaan. With each lamb a tenth deal of flour was to be offered; that is, an omer or the tenth part of an ephah, about half a peck; together with a fourth part of an hin of oil, and the same quantity of wine; which, according to Bishop Cumberland’s measure, was a quart, and something more than a quarter of a pint. This was to be a continual burnt-offering throughout their generations, Exo 29:42 and was expressive of their constant faith in the future LAMB to be sacrificed for the sins of the world, as well as of their daily dependence upon God for the increase of their flocks, their corn, and wine, and oil. The heathens made libations upon the heads and between the horns of their victims, after having sprinkled them with the mola or crumbled salt cake. The Hebrews threw their cakes upon the fire of the altars, and poured the wine out at the foot of it.
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
Was not this morning and evening offering of a lamb, a sweet type of the necessity of the sacrifice of Jesus’ blood and righteousness being constantly applied by the Holy Ghost to the soul? 1Pe 1:19-20 ; Heb 9:26 .
Fuente: Hawker’s Poor Man’s Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Exo 29:38 Now this [is that] which thou shalt offer upon the altar; two lambs of the first year day by day continually.
Ver. 38. Day by day continually. ] When this daily sacrifice was intermitted, – as in the days of Antiochus, that little Antichrist, – they counted it an “abomination of desolation.” Dan 12:11 Mat 24:15
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
day by day continually. See the Divine comment on this. Heb 9:9; Heb 10:1, Heb 10:2.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Exo 29:38. Now this is that which thou shalt offer upon the altar; two lambs of the first year day by day continually.
Remember, as long as there was a Jewish state, the morning and the evening were to open and to close with the sacrifice of a lamb.
Exo 29:39-42. The one lamb thou shalt offer in the morning; and the other lamb thou shalt offer at even: And with the one lamb a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering. And the other lamb thou shalt offer at even, and shalt do thereto according to the meat offering of the morning, and according to the drink offering thereof, for a sweet savour an offering made by fire unto the LORD. This shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD: where I will meet you, to speak there unto thee.
See, the lamb is the place of meeting; God comes to his people as his people come to him, with the morning and with the evening lamb.
Exo 29:43. And there I will meet with the children of Israel, and the tabernacle shall be sanctified by my glory.
Gods glory is in the lamb: it is there he is pleased to manifest himself in the glory of his infinite grace to his people.
Exo 29:44-45. And I will sanctify the tabernacle of the congregation, and the altar: I will sanctify also both Aaron and his sons, to minister to me in the priests office. And I will dwell among the children of Israel, and will be their God.
Not without the lamb, you see; that morning and evening sacrifice must be the token and the way of Gods dealing with his people.
Exo 29:46. And they shall know that I am the LORD their God, that brought them forth out of the land of Egypt, that I may dwell among them: I am the LORD their God.
Now concerning this same lamb, we will read in:
This exposition consisted of readings from Exo 29:38-46; Isaiah 53.
Fuente: Spurgeon’s Verse Expositions of the Bible
two lambs: Num 28:3-8, 1Ch 16:40, 2Ch 2:4, 2Ch 13:11, 2Ch 31:3, Ezr 3:3, Dan 9:21, Dan 9:27, Dan 12:11, Joh 1:29, Heb 7:27, 1Pe 1:19, Rev 5:9-12
Reciprocal: Exo 29:42 – a continual Exo 40:29 – offered Lev 4:24 – in the place Lev 6:9 – of the burnt Lev 6:12 – burn wood Lev 7:37 – the law Lev 9:17 – the meat Num 28:5 – General Num 28:6 – was ordained Num 29:6 – the daily 2Ch 8:13 – every day 2Ch 24:14 – And they offered Ezr 3:4 – as the duty of every day required Ezr 3:5 – the continual Ezr 6:9 – lambs Eze 46:13 – Thou shalt daily Dan 8:11 – the daily Heb 10:11 – daily
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Exo 29:38. Two lambs day by day continually This daily service, a lamb offered upon the altar every morning, and also every evening, typified the continual intercession which Christ ever lives to make, in the virtue of his satisfaction, for the continual sanctification of his church: though he offered himself once for all, yet that one offering thus becomes a continual offering. And this teaches us to offer up to God the spiritual sacrifices of prayer and praise every day, morning and evening, in humble acknowledgment of our dependance upon him, and our obligations to him.
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
The daily burnt offering, meal offering, and drink offering 29:38-46
The priests began to offer these sacrifices as soon as the tabernacle was complete (ch. 40).
In the offering of a young lamb each morning and each evening with flour, oil, and wine, the Israelites consecrated their lives afresh daily to the Lord. This was an offering of worship and expiation (i.e., the removal of sin, Lev 1:4). It ensured Israel’s continuing communion with her God.
". . . thus the day was opened and closed with gifts to Yahweh, from whom all gifts were believed to come." [Note: Durham, p. 396.]
Fuente: Expository Notes of Dr. Constable (Old and New Testaments)
8. The service of the priests 29:38-30:38