Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Isaiah 49:13
Sing, O heavens; and be joyful, O earth; and break forth into singing, O mountains: for the LORD hath comforted his people, and will have mercy upon his afflicted.
13. The lyrical conclusion of the passage on the Servant, partly resembling ch. Isa 44:23.
his afflicted ] See on Isa 41:17.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Sing, O heavens – In view of the glorious truths stated in the previous verses, that kings should rise up, and princes worship; that the Messiah would be for a light to the Gentiles, and that the true religion would be extended to each of the four quarters of the globe. The idea in this verse is, that it was an occasion on which the heavens and the earth would have cause to exult together. It is common in Isaiah thus to interpose a song of praise on the announcement of any great and glorious truth, and to call on the heavens and the earth to rejoice together (see the notes at Isa 12:1-6; Isa 42:10-11; Isa 44:23).
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Verse 13. Break forth into singing, O mountains – “Ye mountains, burst forth into song”] Three ancient MSS. are without the yod or the conjunction vau before the verb: and so the Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
The Lord hath comforted his people; God hath now sent that long-desired consolation of Israel.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
13. So Re12:12. God will have mercy on the afflicted, because ofHis compassion; on His afflicted, because of His covenant.
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Sing, O heavens, and be joyful, O earth,…. Which may be understood of the heavens, and the earth by a personification, a figure usual in Scripture, to express the greatness of the benefit received, and to raise thankfulness and admiration in the hearts of God’s people; see Ps 90:11 or by the heavens may be meant the angels in heaven, who, as they rejoice at the conversion of a single sinner, will much more rejoice at such numerous conversions among Jews and Gentiles, here prophesied of, Lu 15:10 and, by the “earth”, the saints on earth, the excellent in it, who have a more immediate concern in, and must be affected with, the case here represented:
and break forth into singing, O mountains; such as are in high office either in the state, as Christian kings and princes, Isa 49:23 or in the church, as prophets and apostles, Re 18:20. The reason of all this is,
for the Lord hath comforted his people; with the discoveries of his love and grace; by his gracious presence among them; by the coming of Christ unto them in a spiritual way; by sending his Spirit, and renewing the face of things, and reviving his work in the midst of them; by the pure and powerful preaching of the Gospel, and comfortable administration of Gospel ordinances; and by large additions of converts made unto them:
and will have mercy upon his afflicted, or “poor”, or “meek” and “humble” ones, as the words l may be rendered: the Lord’s people is a poor and afflicted people, poor in a temporal and spiritual sense; the church and interest of Christ is in a poor and low condition: the Lord’s people are afflicted outwardly and inwardly, and so become meek, and are kept humble; these the Lord, in the latter day, will raise from a low and distressed condition to a more exalted and comfortable one; which will be an instance of his mercy and compassion, and be matter of joy unto them.
l “pauperum suorum”, V. L. “pauperes suos”, Forerius; “inopes suos”, Vitringa; “humiles”, Sept. “mansuetorum”, Targum.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
In this return of the exiles from every quarter of the globe to their fatherland, and for this mighty work of God on behalf of His church, which has been scattered in all directions, the whole creation is to praise Him. “Sing, O heavens; and shout, O earth; and break out into singing, O mountains! for Jehovah hath comforted His people, and He hath compassion upon His afflicted ones.” The phrase , like (which occurs in Psa 98:4 as well as in Isaiah), is peculiarly Isaiah’s (Isa 14:7, and several times in chapters 40-66). “The afflicted ones” ( aniyym ) is the usual Old Testament name for the ecclesia militans . The future alternates with the perfect: the act of consolation takes place once for all, but the compassion lasts for ever. Here again the glorious liberty of the children of God appears as the focus from which the whole world is glorified. The joy of the Israel of God becomes the joy of heaven and earth. With the summons to this joy the first half of the prophecy closes; for the word , which follows, shows clearly enough that the prophecy has merely reached a resting-point here, since this word is unsuitable for commencing a fresh prophecy.
Fuente: Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
| Encouragement to Zion. | B. C. 706. |
13 Sing, O heavens; and be joyful, O earth; and break forth into singing, O mountains: for the LORD hath comforted his people, and will have mercy upon his afflicted. 14 But Zion said, The LORD hath forsaken me, and my Lord hath forgotten me. 15 Can a woman forget her sucking child, that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? yea, they may forget, yet will I not forget thee. 16 Behold, I have graven thee upon the palms of my hands; thy walls are continually before me. 17 Thy children shall make haste; thy destroyers and they that made thee waste shall go forth of thee.
The scope of these verses is to show that the return of the people of God out of their captivity, and the eternal redemption to be wrought out by Christ (of which that was a type), would be great occasions of joy to the church and great proofs of the tender care God has of the church.
I. Nothing can furnish us with better matter for songs of praise and thanksgiving, v. 13. Let the whole creation join with us in songs of joy, for it shares with us in the benefits of the redemption, and all they can contribute to this sacred melody is little enough in return for such inestimable favours, Ps. xcvi. 11. Let there be joy in heaven, and let the angels of God celebrate the praises of the great Redeemer; let the earth and the mountains, particularly the great ones of the earth, be joyful, and break forth into singing, for the earnest expectation of the creature that waits for the glorious liberty of the children of God (Rom 8:19; Rom 8:21) shall now be abundantly answered. God’s people are the blessings and ornaments of the world, and therefore let there be universal joy, for God has comforted his people that were in sorrow and he will have mercy upon the afflicted because of his compassion, upon his afflicted because of his covenant.
II. Nothing can furnish us with more convincing arguments to prove the most tender and affectionate concern God has for his church, and her interests and comforts.
1. The troubles of the church have given some occasion to question God’s care and concern for it, v. 14. Zion, in distress, said, The Lord has forsaken me, and looks after me no more; my Lord has forgotten me, and will look after me no more. See how deplorable the case of God’s people may be sometimes, such that they may seem to be forsaken and forgotten of their God; and at such a time their temptations may be alarmingly violent. Infidels, in their presumption, say God has forsaken the earth (Ezek. viii. 12), and has forgotten their sins, Ps. x. 11. Weak believers, in their despondency, are ready to say, “God has forsaken his church and forgotten the sorrows of his people.” But we have no more reason to question his promise and grace than we have to question his providence and justice. He is as sure a rewarder as he is a revenger. Away therefore with these distrusts and jealousies, which are the bane of friendship.
2. The triumphs of the church, after her troubles, will in due time put the matter out of question.
(1.) What God will do for Zion we are told, v. 17. [1.] Her friends, who had deserted her, shall be gathered to her, and shall contribute their utmost to her assistance and comfort: Thy children shall make haste. Converts to the faith of Christ are the children of the church; they shall join themselves to her with great readiness and cheerfulness, and flock into the communion of saints, as doves to their windows. “Thy builders shall make haste” (so some read it), “who shall build up thy houses, thy walls, especially thy temple; they shall do it with expedition.” Church work is usually slow work; but, when God’s time shall come, it shall be done suddenly. [2.] Her enemies, who had threatened and assaulted her, shall be forced to withdraw from her: Thy destroyers, and those who made thee waste, who had made themselves masters of the country and ravaged it, shall go forth of thee. By Christ the prince of this world, the great destroyer, is cast out, is dispossessed, has his power broken and his attempts quite baffled.
(2.) Now by this it will appear that Zion’s suggestions were altogether groundless, that God has not forsaken her, nor forgotten her, nor ever will. Be assured, [1.] That God has a tender affection for his church and people, v. 15. In answer to Zion’s fears, God speaks as one concerned for his own glory (he takes himself to be reflected upon if Zion say, The Lord has forsaken me, and he will clear himself), as one concerned also for his people’s comfort; he would not have them droop, and be discouraged, and give way to any uneasy thoughts. “You think that I have forgotten you. Can a woman forget her sucking child?” First, It is not likely that she should. A woman, whose honour it is to be of the tender sex as well as the fair one, cannot but have compassion for a child, which, being both harmless and helpless, is a proper object of compassion. A mother, especially, cannot but be concerned for her own child; for it is her own, a piece of herself, and very lately one with her. A nursing mother, most of all, cannot but be tender of her sucking child; her own breasts will soon put her in mind of it if she should forget it. But, Secondly, It is possible that she may forget. A woman may perhaps be so unhappy as not to be able to remember her sucking child (she may be sick, and dying, and going to the land of forgetfulness), or she may be so unnatural as not to have compassion on the son of her womb, as those who, to conceal their shame, are the death of their children as soon as they are their life, Lam 4:10; Deu 28:57. But, says God, I will not forget thee. Note, God’s compassions to his people infinitely exceed those of the tenderest parents towards their children. What are the affections of nature to those of the God of nature! [2.] That he has a constant care of his church and people (v. 16): I have engraven thee upon the palms of my hands. This does not allude to the foolish art of palmistry, which imagines every man’s fate to be engraved in the palms of his hands and to be legible in the lines there, but to the custom of those who tie a string upon their hands or fingers to put them in mind of things which they are afraid they shall forget, or to the wearing of signet or locket-rings in remembrance of some dear friend. His setting them thus as a seal upon his arm denotes his setting them as a seal upon his heart, and his being ever mindful of them and their interests, Cant. viii. 6. If we bind God’s law as a sign upon our hand (Deu 6:8; Deu 6:11; Deu 6:18), he will engrave our interests as a sign on his hand, and will look upon that and remember the covenant. He adds, “Thy walls shall be continually before me; thy ruined walls, though no pleasing spectacle, shall be in my thoughts of compassion.” Do Zions’ friends favour her dust? Ps. cii. 14. So does her God. Or, “The plan and model of thy walls, that are to be rebuilt, is before me, and they shall certainly be built according to it.” Or, “Thy walls (that is, thy safety) are my continual care; so are the watchmen on thy walls.” Some apply his engraving his church on the palms of his hands to the wounds in Christ’s hands when he was crucified; he will look on the marks of them, and remember those for whom he suffered and died.
Fuente: Matthew Henry’s Whole Bible Commentary
13. Praise, O heavens; and rejoice, O earth. Though he exhorts and encourages all the godly to thanksgiving, yet he likewise aims at confirming the promise which might have been regarded as doubtful; for afflictions trouble our consciences, and cause them to waver in such a manner that it is not so easy to rest firmly on the promises of God. In short, men either remain in suspense, or tremble, or utterly fall and even faint. So long as they are oppressed by fear or anxiety, or grief, they scarcely accept of any consolation; and therefore they need to be confirmed in various ways. This is the reason why Isaiah describes the advantages of this deliverance in such lofty terms, in order that believers, though they beheld nothing around them but death and ruin, might sustain their heart by the hope of a better condition. Accordingly, he places the subject almost before their eye, that they may be fully convinced that they shall have the most abundant cause of rejoicing; though at that time they saw nothing but grief and sorrow.
Let us therefore remember, that whenever the Lord promises anything, we ought to add thanksgiving, that we may more powerfully affect our hearts; and next, that we ought to raise our minds to the power of God, who exercises a wide and extensive dominion over all the creatures; for as soon as he lifts his hand, “heaven and earth” are moved. If the tokens of his wonderful power are to be seen everywhere, he intends that there shall be an eminent and remarkable example of it in the salvation of the Church.
And he wilt have compassion on his poor. By this metaphor the Prophet shews that no obedience which is rendered to God by heaven and earth is more acceptable to him than to join together and lend their mutual aid to his Church. Moreover, that believers may not faint under the weight of distresses, before promising to them consolation from God, he exhorts them calmly to bear distresses; for by the word poor he means that the Church, in this world, is liable to many calamities. In order, therefore, that we may partake of the compassion of God, let us learn, under the cross and amidst many annoyances, to strive after it with sighs and tears.
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
GODS CARE FOR HIS CHURCH
Isa. 49:13-17. Sing, O heavens, &c.
I. Nothing can furnish us with better matter for songs of praise and thanksgiving than the tender care God has of the Church (Isa. 49:13). Let the whole creation join with us in songs of joy, for it shares with us in the benefits of the redemption (Rom. 8:19; Rom. 8:21).
II. The care which God has for His Church is never to be doubted by us. True, the troubles of the Church have given some occasion to question His concern for it (Isa. 49:14). The case of His people may sometimes be so deplorable that they seem to be forsaken and forgotten by Him; and at such a time their temptation may be alarmingly violent. Weak believers, in their despondency, are ready to say, God has forsaken us, &c. But we have no more reason to question His promise and grace, than we have to question His providence and justice. He is as sure a Rewarder as He is a Revenger. Away, therefore, with those distrusts and jealousies which are the bane of friendship. The triumphs of the Church, after her troubles, will in due time put the matter out of question (Isa. 49:17).
III. Be assured that God has a tender affection for His Church and people (Isa. 49:15). In answer to Zions fears, He speaks as one concerned for His own glory; He takes Himself to be reflected upon if Zion say, The Lord hath forsaken me; and He will clear Himself. As one concerned also for His peoples comfort, He would not have them droop and be discouraged, and give way to uneasy thoughts. You think that I have forgotten you; can a woman forget her sucking child?
1. It is not likely that she should. A woman, whose honour it is to be of the tender sex as well as the fair one, cannot but have compassion for a child, which, being both harmless and helpless, is a proper object of compassion. A mother, especially, cannot, but be concerned for her own child. for it is her own, a piece of herself, and very lately one with her. A nursing mother, most of all, cannot but be tender of her sucking child. But
2. it is possible she may forget. A woman may be so unhappy as not to be able to remember her sucking child; she may be sick, dying, and going to the land of forgetfulness; or she may be so unnatural as not to have compassion on it (Lam. 4:10; Deu. 28:57). But, says God, I will not forget thee. His compassions to His people infinitely exceed those of the tenderest parents toward their children (P. D. 1499).
IV. Be assured that God has a constant care of His Church and people (Isa. 49:16-17). I have graven thee upon the palms of my hands, alludes to the custom of wearing signet or locket rings in remembrance of some dear friend. If we bind Gods law as a sign upon our hand (Deu. 6:8-11), He will engrave our interests as a sign on His hand, and will look upon that and remember the covenant, Thy walls shall continually be before Me; thy ruined walls, though no pleasing spectacle, shall be in my thoughts of compassion. Or, The plan and model of thy walls, that are to be rebuilt, is before Me, and they shall certainly be built according to it.Matthew Henry. Commentary: in loco.
A GLORIOUS IMPOSSIBILITY
Isa. 49:14-15. But Zion said, The Lord hath forsaken me, &c.
I. The believer, like Zion of old, is sometimes led to form suspicions concerning the Lords goodness. Such suspicions are apt to arise
1. In periods of deep spiritual temptation: times of dark and mysterious providences; days in which Gods people walk in darkness and have no light. Such times are apt to come upon us through neglect of prayer, through neglect of some known duty; and then, instead of blaming ourselves, we are apt to distrust God.
2. In times of deep temporal trial.
II. The love of God for His people renders all such suspicions utterly unreasonable. A mothers love for her child is tender and strong; many mothers have contentedly laid down their lives for their children; but history is full of proofs that a mothers love for her child may utterly pass away. But Gods love for His people will never fail. Can a mother forget her sucking child, that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? Yea, they may forget; yet will not I forget thee. How tender, comprehensive, and touching is this figure! There is much to be considered in it: the tenderness of the tie, the helplessness of the child, the very posture of the child.
1. The tenderness of the tie. [1513] The tie between Gods children and Himself is infinitely closer than that between a child and its mother. True, the child derives its life from the mother, as the medium by which the Lord doth communicate it; but God is the life of His saints. They live and move and have their being in Him, and He lives in them.
[1513] The young of all creatures are lovely and attractive always: but let us survey the image here. Here is a child, a harmless object, a helpless object, an endeared object, and towards which any one may feel compassion and tenderness. But you will observe that the child here is the mothers ownthe son of her womb; lately a part of herself, and endeared by the anxieties of bearing it, and the pain and peril of bringing it forth. Nor is this all; for the mother is a nursing mother. Isaiah scorned to take an image of exquisite tenderness from those wretches who, when they have it in their power, devolve this pleasing and (ask all the physicians) this salutary duty upon others, upon strangers, and upon hirelings; no, it is a nursing mother, and the child is a sucking child, looking up with ineffable satisfaction to his benefactor, and with his little hands stroking the cheeks of her who feeds him.Jay.
2. The helplessness of the child. The helplessness and dependence of the believer is still greater. In a few months it will be able to walk alone; in a few years we shall find it not only walking and running, but labouring independently of its mother. But look at the believerat those most advanced in the life of God, most filled with heavenly wisdom; look at Paul the aged. He is as feeble, as dependent, as helpless in himself as at the first moment (1Co. 15:10).
3. The posture of the child: that is more touching still. There are few sights more endearing, as every mother will acknowledge, than that of a child hanging on her bosom, deriving the support of its physical life from herself. It is one of the most touching pictures that can be presented to our eye. And yet, compared with that of a believer, it is as nothing. His is not an unconscious hanging upon the author and sustainer of His being; His is a conscious, glad dependence upon God for those supplies that come from His Fathers heart, and minister to His spiritual lifethat life which is the commencement of life eternal. Who can compare the one with the other? It is a closer tie, a tenderer tie, a more dependent object, and a posture infinitely more endearing. No wonder God gives the strong assurance which our text contains.
III. Gods love for His people manifests itself in a constant remembrance of their condition and needs. Yet will I not forget thee, is only another way of saying, I will always remember thee.
1. He does not forget their persons (Isa. 49:16).
2. Nor the work of grace that is in them. It is described as His poem: we are His workmanshipHis poem (Eph. 2:10). A man takes care of his book; but if he has his own poem, will he be likely to forget that?
3. Nor their trials (Isa. 43:2).
4. Nor their returns to Him (Jer. 31:18).
5. Nor their obedience (Isa. 64:5; Heb. 6:10).
6. Nor their needs in death (Psa. 116:15). Blessed truth, it is full of unutterable sweetness.
The subject is full of instruction.
1. It should lead to self-examination. Are we of the number of those whom God knows, in the sense of reproving and acknowledging as His? If He does not thus know us, how can we expect Him to remember us?
2. A sight of the helpless child hanging upon its mothers breast should show us our own dependency, and take away every thought of self-sufficiency.
3. The fickleness of the tenderest of human affections brings out more clearly into view the glory of Gods love for His people.
4. The constancy of the Divine love should make us ashamed of our despondency and distrust in times of trial.
5. If God never forgets us, we should never forget Him.J. H. Evans, M.A., Thursday Penny Pulpit, vol. iv. pp. 305316.
I. A MOURNFUL COMPLAINT (Isa. 49:14). The wicked think too much of the goodness of God, in reference to themselves; they mistake the effects of His general bounty for evidences of His peculiar friendship (H. E. I. 39773980). The very reverse of this is the disposition of all subjects of Divine grace; they know that self-deception is tremendous, probable, common, and are therefore afraid of it; they often carry their solicitude beyond the point of duty; they apply to themselves what was intended for others, and sometimes think themselves forsaken of God.
1. This arises sometimes
(1.) from the weakness of their faith ([1516]. H. E. I. 20142017).
(2.) From ignorance; they have a knowledge of God, but it is very imperfect, and therefore they form mistaken apprehensions as to the manner in which He is likely to deal with them.
(3.) From a suspension of divine manifestation. The sun is always in the sky, but it is not always visible. God hides Himself from the house of Jacob; and if you are part of the house of Jacob, you will be affected thereby (Psa. 30:7). When He does this, it is not in the mere exercise of Divine sovereignty, but either as a prevention of sin, or as correction for it (Isa. 59:2; Hos. 5:15; Job. 15:11; H. E. I. 16441659).
(4.) From conflict with the troubles of life. It is forgotten that these are really proofs that God has not forsaken us (Pro. 13:24; Heb. 12:6; H. E. I. 189196, 36923695).
(5.) Sometimes from Gods delay in the accomplishment of prayer. Distinguish between the acceptance and the answer of prayer; God always immediately hears, but does not always immediately answer the prayer of faith (2Pe. 3:9; Lam. 3:26; H. E. I. 38843899).
[1516] Our comfort must always be according to our faith. In whom, Bays Peter, believing, ye rejoice with joy unspeakable and full of glory. There is always consolation in Gods riches of glory by Christ Jesus; but these can only be perceived and apprehended by faith. There is always fruit enough upon the tree of life, but faith in the hand by which alone we gather it. There is water enough always in the wells of salvation, but by faith we must draw it.Jay, H. E. I. 12521285.
2. Who can find language to express the wretchedness such a false conclusion causes? The misery produced by it in a child of God is due to three causes:
(1.) He loves God, not perfectly, but supremely; and love can never be reconciled to the absence of its object.
(2.) He entirely relies upon Him, and therefore feels that if God has withdrawn from him, all must be darkness, dreariness, desolation, and death.
(3.) He has enjoyed Him already, and therefore nothing can satisfy him but God (H. E. I. 1018, 23782387).
II. A SATISFACTORY ANSWER (Isa. 49:15). Notice,
1. The improbability of the fear. This is metaphorically expressed. The case supposed is not likely, but it is possible. But the tenderest feelings of nature are as nothing when compared with the kindness of God.
2. The certainty of the assurance. Yet will not I forget thee. With God there is no fickleness (Num. 23:19).H. E. I. 2324, P. D. 815.
3. The all-sufficiency of the truth established; that is, the perpetual regard of God for us. If His favour is set upon us, it secures everything else (Psa. 84:11-12).
Concluding remarks.
1. Distresses and discouragements are not incompatible with religion (H. E. I. 339346, 2907).
2. See how concerned God is, not only for His peoples safety, but for their comfort also. Let His people fall in with this design (Psa. 42:11).
4. Do not take the comfort belonging to a gracious state, unless you are the subjects of a gracious character.W. Jay: The British Pulpit, vol. v. pp. 221230.
We have here two assertions; Zions and Gods.
I. ZIONS ASSERTION. The Lord hath forsaken me, &c. Observe four things which may cause this complaint:
1. The mysteriousness of Divine providence.
2. The long duration of Zions troubles.
3. Lack of success.
4. Zions own sinfulness and weakness.
II. GODS ASSERTION. Can a woman forget her sucking child? &c. Yet will I never forget thee. Why?
1. He is too nearly related to Zion.
2. He bestows too much thought upon Zion.
3. He has done too much on behalf of Zion.
4. He has given too many promisesgreat and preciousto Zion.
5. He expects too much from Zion.
6. He hath ordained that Zion shall for ever dwell in His immediate presence. For ever with the Lord. God, then, cannot forget His people.
Improvement.
1. Zion should at once withdraw her complaint.
2. As God will never forget Zion, Zion should never forget her God.
3. Zion should never despond in the presence of any untoward event which may overtake her.W. Roberts, Penybontfawr, Pregethau.
1. Gods love is like a mothers love. There is no love in this world like a mothers love. It is free, unbought, unselfish (P. D. 2357). Gods love to a soul in Christ is stronger (Psa. 103:13-14; Mal. 3:17; Isa. 66:13; H. E. I. 23222333; P. D. 1499). Be not cast down in affliction (H. E. I. 189196). Deserted souls, Gods love cannot change unless His true nature change. Not till God cease to be holy, just, and true, will He cease to love the soul that hides under the wings of Jesus (H. E. I. 2324).
2. His love is full love. A mothers love is the fullest love which we have on earth. She loves with all her heart. But there is no love full but that of God toward His Son; God loves Jesus fullythe whole heart of the Father is as it were continually poured down in love upon the Lord Jesus. But when a soul comes to Christ, the same love rests on that soul (Joh. 17:26). True, a creature cannot receive the love of God as Jesus can; but it is the same love that shines on us and Himfull, satisfying, unbounded love. How can God forget what He fully loves? A creatures love may fail; for what is a creature?a clay vessel, a breath of wind that passeth away and cometh not again. But the Creators love cannot failit is full love toward an object infinitely worthy of His lovein which thou sharest.
3. It is an unchanging love. A mothers love is, of all creature-love, the most unchangeable. But far more unchanging is the love of God to Christ, and to a soul in Christ: I am the Lord; I change not. The Father that loves has no variableness. Jesus who is loved, is the same yesterday, to-day, and for ever. How can that love change? It flowed before the world was; it will flow when the world has passed away. If you are in Christ, that love shines on you (Jer. 31:3; Rom. 8:38-39).R. M. MCheyne: Sketches of Sermons.
These words apply, first of all, to Gods ancient people, the Jews, but they are equally true of all believers.
I. There are times when believers are apt to think themselves forsaken.
1. In time of sore affliction. So it was with Naomi, Hezekiah, Job. It is a sad thing when the soul faints under the rebukes of God. They were intended to lead you deeper into Christinto a fuller enjoyment of God (H. E. I. 6670).
2. When they have fallen into sin. As long as a believer walks humbly with his God, his soul is at peace. But the moment that unbelief creeps in, he is led away into sinlike David he falls very low. A believer generally falls lower than the world; and now he falls into darkness. When Adam fell, he was afraid; and he hid himself from God among the trees of the garden, and he made a covering of leaves. When a believer falls, he also is afraidhe hides from God.
3. In time of desertion. Desertion is God withdrawing from the soul of a believer; so that His absence is felt. Sometimes it pleases God to withdraw from the soul, chiefly, I believe, to humble us in the dust; or to discover some corruption unmortified; or to lead us to hunger more after Him. Such was the state of David when he wrote Psalms 42 (Job. 6:4; Job. 29:1-2; H. E. I. 16441659).
II. God cannot forget a soul in Christ: Can a woman, &c.
TO THE PREACHER.
1. Comfort downcast believers. Your afflictions and desertions only prove that you are under the Fathers hand. There is no time when the patient is an object of such tender interest to the surgeon, as when he is under his knife; so, you may be sure, if you are suffering from the hand of God, His eye is all the more bent on you (Deu. 33:27).
2. Invite poor sinners to come and taste of this love. It is a sweet thing to be loved. I suppose the most of you have tasted a mothers love; but this is nothing to the love of your God.
Oh! it is sweet to pass from wrath to lovefrom death to life. That poor murderess would leap in her cell, when the news came that she was not to die the murderers death; but, ah! ten thousand times sweeter would it be to you, if God were, this day, to persuade you to embrace Christ freely offered in the gospel.R. M. MCheyne: Sermons and Lectures, pp. 99105.
GRAVEN UPON JEHOVAHS HANDS
Isa. 49:16. Behold, I have graven thee upon the palms of My hands.
The prophets were more than half poets. The language here is highly figurative. It is a bold anthropomorphism. The words are used of Zion, the Church of God. That glorious building, complete in the Divine idea, is regarded as graven upon Gods hands. Each individual member of the spiritual Zion has his own place therein marked out by Jehovah. It is to the individual reference implied in the text that attention is invited.
I. Amid temptations to regard ourselves forgotten of the Lord, how consoling is the reflection that the life of the true believer in God is linked with the life of the Eternal! Where there is no eye to see reality, it has been said, there is ever an eye-brow waiting to rise in scornful wonder at the name of it. And again, Where the substantial hand to grasp things worthy is wanting, there is always some thin shadow-hand to wave them off with mocking gestures. But spiritual discernment embraces the fact, that man, and especially the Christ-like man, lives in God. The being of the godly is bound up with the being of God; they are specially dear to God, shall never be lost sight of by Him, have their life hid with Christ in God, and go forward to the fulness of life, to the pleasures, which, according to another use of the same figure, are said to be at Gods right hand for evermore. To speak after this manner is no doubt mysticism to the unspiritual. But the obscurity is in them. Not always is this momentous truth quite clear even to the spiritual; but it is peculiarly dark and unintelligible to those whose understanding has not been enlightened from above: for it is one of those things which are spiritually discerned.
II. Why it is often hard for even the believer in God to realise this union. Many reasons might be suggested. Consider one. The world is but a small part of the universe, and mans life on earth bears but a small proportion to his God-given immortality. Hence the obscurity resting upon the purpose to which all things tend, and also upon the tendency itself as residing in the means to the end. Chance and accident seem to rule widely in this world. The goal is reached by much of seeming waste, sacrifice, and sorrow (H. E. I. 4033, 4034). As for the world, so for the individual, there is a divine idea, but it is a mosaic, beautiful as a whole, we may believe, yet tesselated with innumerable fragments. Why trouble ourselves unnecessarily, complaining till ourselves are hoarse, and others miserable?why not just fall in to our little work patient, and believing that the Divine purpose is good, and will yet sparkle forth like a bright jewel from the short period of confusion? (H. E. I. 4047).
III. Consider some part of the proof that our union with God endures and is indissoluble.
1. The believer in God should find it easy to convince himself that there is much undeveloped power in the Church which shall yet be made manifest. And so with the individual. The feeling of undeveloped power within us, this feeling that there is life within us down below our present life, is identical with being graven on Jehovahs hands. We do not know the possibility of our being, but we feel within us depths that no man knows, and which we ourselves, can appreciate with no distinctness.
2. Do not suppose, because you have been appointed a humble place in the worlds work, because your luxuries are few, and your hands never idle, and sickness like a lion ever crouching at the door of your house, that God has forgotten you, and not graven out your place on the palms of His hands. Poverty, weakness, suffering, shame, are not these just so many powers plying to bring up into play the deep, Divine life? (H. E. I. 9198). In ways we cannot fathom, God is showing us that He remembers us, is present, ordaining for the best, in every circumstance of life. For the bringing of order out of seeming confusion, it is necessary to believe that He is present in the most trivial circumstances, and, as Christ says, numbers the very hairs of your head.J. M. Simcock.
The text belongs primarily to the seed of Israel; next, to the whole Church as a body; and then to every individual member.
I. Consider our text verbally. Every single word deserves to be emphasised.
1. Behold. It is a word of wonder; intended to excite admiration. Wherever you see it hung out in Scripture, it is like an ancient sign-board, signifying that there are rich wares within, drawing attention to something particularly worthy of observation. Here, indeed, we have a theme for marvelling. Heaven and earth may well be astonished that God should grave upon His hands the names of sinners. Speak of the seven wonders of the world, why this is a wonder in the seventh heavens! No doubt a part of the wonder which is concentrated in the word Behold, is excited by the unbelieving lamentation of the preceding sentence. How the Divine mind seems to be amazed at this wicked unbelief of man! What can be more astounding than the unfounded doubts and fears of Gods favoured people? He seems to say, How can I have forgotten thee, when I have graven, &c. Here follows the great marvel, that God should be faithful to such a faithless people, and that when He is provoked with their doubting, He nevertheless abideth true. Behold! and be ashamed and confounded for all your cruel doubts of your indulgent Lord.
2. Behold, I have, &c. The Divine Artist, who has been pleased to engrave His people for a memorial, is none other than God Himself. Here we learn the lesson which Christ afterwards taught His disciplesYe have not chosen me, but I have chosen you. No one can write upon the hand of God but God Himself. Neither our merits, prayers, repentance, nor faith, can write our names there, for these in their goodness extend not unto God so as to write upon His hands. Then, again, if the Lord hath done it, there is no mistake about it. If some human hand had cut the memorial, the hieroglyphs might be at fault; but since perfect wisdom has combined with perfect love to make a memorial of the saints, then no error by any possibility can have occurred; there can be no erasures, no crossing out of what God has written, no blotting out of what the Eternal hath decreed.
3. Behold, I have graven thee. Not, I will, nor yet, I am doing it; it is a thing of the past, and how far back in the past! Oh! the antiquity of this inscription! Do not these deep things comfort you? Does not eternal love delight you?
4. Graven. I have not merely printed thee, stamped thee on the surface, but I have permanently cut thee into my hand with marks which never can be removed. That word graven sets forth the perpetuity of the inscription.
5. I have graven thee, &c. My Lord, dost thou mean me? Yes, even me, if I by faith cling to Thy cross. I have graven thee. It does not say, Thy name. The name is there, but this is not all; I have graven thee. See the fulness of this! I have graven everything about thee, all that concerns thee; it is a full picture, as though the man himself were there.
6. We are engraven, where? Upon His hands, not upon the works of His hands. They shall perish; yea, they shall all wax old as doth a garment, but His hands shall endure for ever. Notice, it does not say, I have graven thee upon the palm of one hand, but I have graven thee upon the palms of My hands. There are two memorials. His saints shall never be forgotten, for the inscription is put there upon the palm of this hand, the right hand of blessing, and upon the palm of that hand, the left hand of justice.
Now let us proceed to the second part of the subject
II. Consider the text as a whole. Gods remembrance of His people is
1. Constant.
2. Practical. He will work and show Himself strong for His people; He brings His omnipotent hands to effect our redemption.
3. Eternal. You cannot suppose it possible that any person can erase what is written on Gods hand.
4. Tender.
5. Most surprising. Child of God, let your cheerful eyes and your joyful heart testify how great a wonder it is that you, once so far estranged from God, are this day written on the palms of His hands.
6. Most consolatory. There is no sorrow to which our text is not an antidote.
III. Be heedful of the duty which such a text suggests.
1. If you be partakers of this precious text, is it not your duty to leave your cares behind you to-day? Should not the fact that God always graciously and tenderly recollects you, compel you once for all to leave your burden with Him who careth for you?
2. If this text is not yours, how your mouths ought to water after it! Is there a soul here who says, O that I had a part and lot in this matter! Thou mayest have His pardoning love shed abroad in thy heart even now.C. H. Spurgeon, Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, No. 512.
Fuente: The Preacher’s Complete Homiletical Commentary Edited by Joseph S. Exell
(13) Sing, O heavens.As in Isa. 44:23, all nature is invited to join in the chorus of praise for the deliverance of Israel.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
13. On this coming of disciples to Messiah from every quarter, the whole creation is poetically summoned to shout a paean of triumph. The subject of the song is, Comfort. The past and the future are joined in the promise, and those to be comforted are tenderly called his people. The blessings of the Messianic ages are summed up in the promise from first to last.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Isa 49:13. And will have mercy And hath had mercy.
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
This is a beautiful break in the Chapter, to call up even the inanimate parts of nature to celebrate, in sacred hymns, the glories of redemption: Heaven and earth shall sing of it, for both worlds take part in the triumphs of redeeming grace. Luk 2:13-14 .
Fuente: Hawker’s Poor Man’s Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Isa 49:13 Sing, O heavens; and be joyful, O earth; and break forth into singing, O mountains: for the LORD hath comforted his people, and will have mercy upon his afflicted.
Ver. 13. Sing, O heavens. ] a The prophet having thus foretold the saints’ happiness in and by Christ, cannot hold, but breaketh forth into God’s praises, calling into concert all creatures which since the fall have lain bedridden, as it were, looking with outstretched neck for their full deliverance. Rom 8:23
For the Lord hath comforted his people.
a Enthusiastico iubilo, &c. – Oecolamp.
Sing = Shout in triumph.
break forth into singing. See note on Isa 14:7.
comforted His People. Compare Isa 40:1; Isa 51:3.
Isa 49:13. Sing, O heavens; and be joyful, O earth; and break forth into singing, O mountains; for the LORD hath comforted his people, and will have mercy upon his afflicted.
When God blesses his Church, he blesses the world through her. Hence, heaven and earth are invited to be glad in the gladness of the Church of God. Oh, that God would visit his church; nay, he has already done so, and I feel inclined to cry out, as the text does, Sing, O heavens; and be joyful, O earth: and break forth into singing, O mountains: for the LORD hath comforted his people.
Isa 49:14. But Zion said, the LORD hath forsaken me, and my LORD hath forgotten me.
We often judge contrary to the truth; and when God is blessing us, we dream that he has forgotten us. Oh, wicked unbelief; cruel unbelief! It robs God of glory; it robs us of comfort. It snatches the song out of our mouth, and fills our soul with groaning: Zion said, the LORD hath forsaken me, and my LORD hath forgotten me.
Isa 49:15. Can a woman forget the sucking child, that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? Yea, they may forget, yet I will not forget thee.
The child is in a condition in which it reminds the mother of itself; her sucking child, her own child. Can she forget it? It is not according to nature,
Yet, saith the Lord, should nature change,
And mothers monsters prove,
Zion still dwells upon the heart Of everlasting love.
What is true of Gods Church as a whole, is true of every member of it. If any of you think that God has passed over you, one of his believing children, you think what is untrue. He cannot do it. It would be contrary to his nature. As long as he is God, he must remember his people.
Isa 49:16. Behold, I have graven thee upon the palms of my hands;
How appropriately Christ can say this when he looks on the nail-prints, I have graven thee upon the palms of my hands! As I said, this morning, Jesus can give nothing, he can take nothing, he can do nothing, he can hold nothing, without remembering his people: I have graven thee upon the palms of my hands. How I love that verse of Topladys hymn that speaks of this blessed truth!
My name from the palms of his hands Eternity will not erase;
Impressd on his heart it remains In marks of indelible grace:
Yes, I to the end shall endure,
As sure as the earnest is given;
More happy, but not more secure,
The glorified spirits in heaven.
Isa 49:16-17. Thy walls are continually before me. Thy children shall make haste;
There shall be many of them. Converts shall be added to the church in great numbers. They shall hurry up; they shall not be long in coming. Very often they delay too long. The promise is, Thy children shall make haste.
Isa 49:17. Thy destroyers and they that make thee waste shall go forth of thee.
I wish this were carried out. If it were, many of the churches of Christ, which are plagued with false doctrines and worldly habits, which are laying them waste, would be delivered from those curses. The enemies outside the walls, however malicious they are, will never be so mischievous as the traitors inside the fortress. Save Troy from the wooden horse, and save Zion from the traitors in her midst, that seek to do her harm.
Isa 49:18. Lift up thine eyes round about, and behold; all these gather themselves together, and come to thee.
There is a great company coming. The church is going to be increased. Have faith in God. We are not going to receive them now by ones and twos; we thank God we receive them by tens and scores. They are coming by hundreds and by thousands; let us expect them. By faith, let us see them even now coming.
Isa 49:18. As I live, saith the LORD, thou shalt surely clothe thee with them all, as with an ornament, and bind them on thee, as a bride doeth.
What an ornament to a church her converts are! These are our jewels. We care nothing for gorgeous architecture or grand music in the worship of God. Our true building is composed of our converts; our best music is their confession of faith. May God give us more of it!
Isa 49:19-21. For thy waste and thy desolate places, and the land of thy destruction, shall even now be too narrow by reason of the inhabitants, and they that swallowed thee up shall be far away. The children which thou shalt have, after thou hast lost the other, shall say again in thine ears, The place is too strait for me: give place to me that I may dwell. Then shalt thou say in thine heart, Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have lost my children, and am desolate, a captive, and removing to and fro? And who hath brought up these? Behold, I was left alone; these, where had they been?
Sometimes a church is brought very low; there are no additions, there is no unity, everything is breaking up, and going to pieces. When God visits that church, what a change is seen! Then people come flocking to it, and the church wonders whence the converts came. May the Lord make us wonder in that fashion! It will take a great deal to astonish us, after all these years of mercy; yet the Lord can do it. It may be he will make these latter days to be better than the former. Though we have had nearly forty years of blessing together, he may yet increase it, and give us to rejoice yet more and more.
Isa 49:22. Thus saith the LORD GOD, Behold, I will lift up mine hand to the Gentiles, and set up my standard to the people; and they shall bring thy sons in their arms, and thy daughters shall be carried upon their shoulders.
We do not mind how they are brought if they do but come; some in the arms, and some after the Oriental method of putting the child on the shoulder. When God lifts up his hand, great wonders of mercy and grace are wrought.
Isa 49:23. And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers:
It will take a long time before they learn that art, for kings and queens have generally been destroyers of the Church of Christ. Those will be grand days when kings shall be the nourishers of the Church, and queens her nursing mothers.
Isa 49:23. They shall bow down to thee with their face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet:
I have heard the first part of this verse quoted as an argument for the union of Church and State: Kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and queens thy nursing mothers. I have not the slightest objection, if they will bow down to the Church with their face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of her feet. What is proposed to us is that the Church should bow down to the State, with her face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of the feet of the state, by becoming obedient to rules and regulations made by princes and parliaments. This is not according to the mind of God, nor according to the heart of his people.
Isa 49:23. And thou shalt know that I am the LORD: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me.
If we wait for Christ, for his coming, for the help which he brings, for the salvation that is wrought by him, we shall not be ashamed.
Isa 49:24-25. Shall the prey be taken from the mighty, or the lawful captive delivered? But thus saith the LORD, Even the captives of the mighty shall be taken away, and the prey of the terrible shall be delivered: for I will contend with him that contendeth with thee, and I will save thy children.
And I will feed them that oppress thee with their own flesh; and they shall be drunken with their own blood, as with sweet wine: and all flesh shall know that I the LORD am thy Saviour and thy Redeemer, the mighty One of Jacob. The mighty may hold their prey with a strong hand; but there is a stronger hand that will deliver the captive. It is Jehovah, the Saviour, the Redeemer, the mighty One of Jacob, who says, I will contend with him that contendeth with thee, and I will save thy children. Here is a divine promise for every parent to plead: I will save thy children. May the Lord give you grace to claim that promise, even now, for Jesus Christs sake! Amen.
O heavens: Isa 42:10, Isa 42:11, Isa 44:23, Isa 52:9, Isa 55:12, Psa 96:11-13, Psa 98:4-9, Luk 2:13, Luk 2:14, Luk 15:10, Rev 5:8-13, Rev 7:9-12
the Lord: Isa 12:1, Isa 40:1, Isa 40:2, Isa 51:3, Isa 61:2, Isa 61:3, Isa 66:13, Isa 66:14, Jer 31:13, 2Co 7:6, 2Th 2:16, 2Th 2:17
Reciprocal: Gen 43:14 – And God Psa 31:7 – I will Psa 51:12 – joy Psa 66:2 – General Psa 69:34 – Let Psa 89:12 – rejoice Psa 97:1 – the earth Psa 98:7 – world Psa 103:22 – all his works Psa 113:3 – General Psa 148:1 – Praise ye the Lord Psa 148:9 – Mountains Isa 14:7 – they Isa 35:2 – and rejoice Isa 48:20 – with a voice Isa 51:11 – the redeemed Isa 54:1 – break Isa 65:18 – General Jer 51:48 – the heaven Hos 2:14 – and speak Zec 1:17 – the Lord shall Rom 7:25 – thank God Rev 12:12 – rejoice Rev 18:20 – Rejoice
Isa 49:13. A Short Lyric Appended to the Foregoing.
49:13 Sing, O {s} heavens; and be joyful, O earth; and break forth into singing, O mountains: for the LORD hath comforted his people, and will have mercy upon his afflicted.
(s) Read Isa 44:23 .
Isaiah concluded by calling on the whole created universe to rejoice because the Lord had comforted His people (cf. Isa 40:1; Isa 47:6) and had shown compassion on His formerly afflicted nation (cf. Isa 42:10-13; Isa 44:23; Isa 45:8; Isa 52:8-9; Isa 55:12-13). This is rejoicing over deliverance from sin, not just exile. When the Servant completes His work of salvation, the whole creation, not just humankind, will experience liberation from the effects of the Fall (cf. Rom 8:19-22).
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Fuente: Spurgeon’s Verse Expositions of the Bible
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Fuente: Peake’s Commentary on the Bible
Fuente: Geneva Bible Notes
Fuente: Expository Notes of Dr. Constable (Old and New Testaments)