Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Jeremiah 25:22
And all the kings of Tyrus, and all the kings of Zidon, and the kings of the isles which [are] beyond the sea,
22. Zidon ] the ordinary form of the name in the O.T. Cp. Jer 27:3, Jer 47:4. Sidon, as the Greek form, is that which occurs in the N.T.
isle ] mg. coastland, lit. where a mariner betakes himself for refuge or rest; hence used of the colonies planted by Phoenicians on the shores of the Mediterranean.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
The isles – Rightly explained in the margin; it probably refers here to Cyprus.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Verse 22. Tyrus and – Zidon] The most ancient of all the cities of the Phoenicians.
Kings of the isles which are beyond the sea.] As the Mediterranean Sea is most probably meant, and the Phoenicians had numerous colonies on its coasts, I prefer the marginal reading, the kings of the region by the sea side.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Tyrus was a strong city upon the borders of the tribe of Asher, Jos 19:29; 2Sa 24:7, a very rich city, and a kingdom, with the king of which (who was Hiram) Solomon in his time traded much, 2Ch 2:3. Isaiah prophesied its ruin, Jer 23:1; so did Ezekiel, Eze 27:28,29; it was destroyed by Nebuchadrezzar, Eze 29:18.
Zidon was nigh to it, therefore we shall ordinarily find Tyre and Zidon joined together in Scripture: both Isaiah and Ezekiel, as well as this prophet, prophesied their ruin. By
the isles beyond the sea, some understand Greece and Italy; others Rhodes, Cyprus, and Crete; but others think Nebuchadnezzar never conquered these, and rather understand those parts of Syria that coasted upon the midland sea.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
22. all the kings of Tyrusthepetty kings of the various dependencies of Tyre.
islesa term includingall maritime regions (Ps72:10).
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
And all the kings of Tyrus, and all the kings of Zidon,…. Two very ancient cities in Phoenicia, frequently mentioned together in Scripture, being near each other. Their ruin is foretold in Jer 47:4;
and the kings of the isles which [are] beyond the sea; which some understand of Greece and Italy; others of Rhodes, Cyprus, and Crete, and other islands in the Mediterranean sea; the Cyclades, as Jerom: but the words may be rendered, “and the kings of the country by the seaside”; and may design those that dwell upon the coast of the Mediterranean sea.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
As to the word Island, the number is to be changed; for the Prophet means not one island, but the countries beyond the sea. Some restrict the reference to Cyprus, Crete, Mitylene, and other islands in the Mediterranean; but it is a common way of speaking in Hebrew, to call all countries beyond the sea islands.
“
The kings of the islands shall come.” (Psa 72:10.)
The Prophet in that passage calls those the kings of the islands who would come in ships to Judea. So also in this place we may understand by the kings of the islands all those who were beyond the sea.
We now see that kings of one age only are not those summoned to God’s tribunal; for why does the Prophet mention all the kings of Tyre and all the kings of Sidon? Was it possible for these two cities to have four or two kings at the same time? But we must bear in mind what I have already stated, — that the children of God were warned, lest they should entertain a too fervid expectation as to the fulfillment of this prophecy. It is then the same as if he had said, “Though God’s vengeance may not come upon the present king of Tyre or of Sidon, it is yet suspended over all kings, and shall be manifested in its time.” (141) Tyre and Sidon, we know, were cities of Phoenicia, and very celebrated; and Tyre had many colonies afar off, among which the principal was Carthage; and the Carthaginians offered honorable presents to it every year, in order to shew that they were its descendants. And Tyre itself was a colony of Sidon, according to historians; but it so prospered, that the daughter as it were swallowed up the mother. But it appears evident that there were kings there in the time of Isaiah and Jeremiah, though in the time of Alexander both cities were republics; for many changes during that period had taken place in them. Now the Prophet says only, that Tyre and Sidon would be involved in the punishment which he denounced on both kings and people. It follows —
(141) The kings of Judah and the kings of other countries are found also mentioned; and the reason seems to be, that the calamities threatened to them did not come at once on one generation, but gradually on successive generations. Such was the case with respect to Judah, and also with other kingdoms; successive attacks were made until they were at last wholly subjugated.
As we find in Isa 23:2, the people of Tyre called “the inhabitants of the isle,” we may render the verse thus, —
22. And all the kings of Tyre, and all the kings of Sidon, even all the kings of the isle which is by the side of the sea.
This repetition was made on account of the power and wealth of Tyre, a place thought impregnable. See Isa 23:0. — Ed.
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
(22) The isles which are beyond the sea.Better, island. The Hebrew word is in the singular, and is properly, as in the margin, a region by the sea-sidea coast-land, and thus wider in its extent than our island. Here the position in which it occurs tends to identify it either with Cyprus or the coast of Cilicia, or Phnician colonies generally in the Mediterranean. Cyprus seems the most probable of these.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
22. Kings of Tyrus, etc. The plural is, in Jer 25:18; Jer 19:3; Jer 13:13, used to include the present kings and their successors. Isles, more exactly, as in the margin, region by the sea side, probably including generally the colonies in and upon the Mediterranean.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Jer 25:22. The isles, &c. That is to say, The region about the Mediterranean sea.
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
Jer 25:22 And all the kings of Tyrus, and all the kings of Zidon, and the kings of the isles which [are] beyond the sea,
Ver. 22. And all the kings of the isles. ] As Cyprus, Rhodes, and the Cyclades, subdued also by the Babylonian, saith Jerome, Rabanus, and Vatablus.
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
and the kings. So in the Mugah Codex (quoted in the Massorah); but other codices, with one early printed edition, read “and all the kings”.
isles = coast-land, or maritime country.
are. Supply “is”, referring to coast-land.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Tyrus: Jer 27:3, Jer 47:4, Eze 26:1-21, Eze 27:1-36, Eze 28:1-19, Eze 29:18, Amo 1:9, Amo 1:10, Zec 9:2-4
Zidon: Eze 28:22, Eze 28:23, Eze 32:30, Joe 3:4-8
isles which are beyond the sea: or, region by the sea side, Jer 49:23-27, Amo 1:3-5, Zec 9:1
Reciprocal: Gen 10:5 – isles Isa 23:1 – burden Isa 23:15 – Tyre shall Eze 26:2 – Tyrus Eze 26:7 – I will Eze 28:21 – Zidon Eze 39:6 – in the isles Mat 11:22 – Tyre
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Jer 25:22. Tyre and Zidan lay near the sea on the northwest border of Palestine. Isles beyond the sea is worded in the margin, “region by the seaside,” and the lexicon agrees with it.
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
Jer 25:22-24. And all the kings of Tyrus and Zidon The nobles, or chief men of each city, seem to be meant by kings here, for neither of these cities had more than one king. And the kings of the isles, which are beyond the sea Cyprus, &c., which Nebuchadnezzar subjected. Or, as the Hebrew, , is rendered in the margin, The region by the sea-side. For that , rendered isle in the text, does not always signify an island, properly so called, is manifest from many passages. Dedan, and Tema, and Buz A person called Dedan was descended from Abraham by Keturah, Gen 25:3. Probably he founded the city Dedan; which, however, in process of time, seems to have been annexed to Edom: see Jer 49:8; Eze 25:13. Tema was one of the sons of Ishmael, Gen 25:15, and a city, or district, called after him, was situate near the mountains which separate Arabia from Chaldea. An. Univ. Hist., vol. 7. p. 230, fol. Buz was the brother of Uz, Gen 22:21, and settled most probably, in his neighbourhood. Elihu, the wisest of Jobs friends, was a Buzite, Job 32:2. And all that are in the utmost corners Or, all that have the coast insulated, as Blaney translates it: see note on Jer 9:26. These, he supposes, to be the inhabitants of the peninsula of Arabia, especially those situate toward the bottom, or narrow part of it. And all the kings of Arabia The whole country to which we give the general name of Arabia seems to have been thrown, in Scripture, into two great divisions, one of which is called properly , Arabah, the other , Kedem, according to their respective situations; Arabah, signifying the west, as Kedem does the east. Each of these had their subdivisions; the first, comprehending that which geographers have distinguished by the name of Arabia Petra, and also, perhaps, those parts along the western coast of the Red sea bordering upon Egypt. The other part, called Kedem, comprehended Arabia Felix, and Arabia Deserta; the former of which the Scripture seems to have distinguished by the name of , those that have their coast insulated, mentioned in the preceding verse; and the latter in this verse, by the mingled race of those that dwell in the desert, meaning such as inhabited the great desert country, lying between Mesopotamia and Palestine. These may have been so called from the manner of inhabiting the desert promiscuously and in common, without any fixed property or abode, settling, for a time, where they found pasture, and then removing with their flocks to another place; or, from their being made up of people of different descents. Blaney.
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
25:22 And all the kings of Tyre, and all the kings of Zidon, and the kings of the {r} isles which [are] beyond the sea,
(r) As Greece, Italy and the rest of those countries.