Now when all the princes, and all the people, which had entered into the covenant, heard that every one should let his manservant, and every one his maidservant, go free, that none should serve themselves of them any more, then they obeyed, and let [them] go.
10, 11. The MT. is somewhat awkward, and the LXX (preferred by Co. and Du.) clearer and briefer. But we cannot accept the latter with entire confidence.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
The princes and the people, having first with the king agreed to the thing, upon the issuing out of his proclamation they at first yielded obedience to it.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
Now when all the princes, and all the people, which had entered into the covenant,…. The king had made with the people. Here the princes are mentioned, who were not before, but included in the people; they and the rest of the people are here meant, who having agreed to the covenant,
heard that everyone should let his manservant, and everyone his maidservant, go free, that none should serve themselves of them any more; or any longer, which they had done, contrary to law: when they understood that this was the sum of the covenant they had entered into, and this the intent of the proclamation they agreed unto; or when they heard the law read and explained by the prophet, concerning the manumission of the Hebrew servants, when the time of their servitude was expired,
then they obeyed, and let [them] go; dismissed them from their service, in obedience to the law of God, agreeably to their own covenant, and the proclamation of liberty they assented to. The whole might be rendered thus, “and all the princes and all the people obeyed, which had entered into the covenant, to let everyone his manservant, and everyone his maidservant, go free, not to serve themselves of them any more, and they obeyed, [I say], to let [them] go”; so far they did well, and were praiseworthy, that they kept the law of God, and their own covenant.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
He says, that all the princes and all the people heard, who had come to the covenant, that every one should let his servant free, etc. ; and then he adds, And they obeyed The verb שמע, shemo, is to be taken in a twofold sense; at the beginning of the verse it refers to the simple act of hearing, and at the end of the verse, to obedience. Then he says that they obeyed, and that every one set free his servant. By saying that the princes, as well as all the people, heard, he took away every pretense as to ignorance; so that they could not make an excuse, that they relapsed through want of knowledge or through inconsideration. How so? because they had heard; nor is it to be doubted, but that the Law of God to which we have referred, had been set before them, that they might be ashamed of the iniquity and tyrannical violence which they had exercised towards their servants. The hearing then mentioned here, proves that the Jews were wholly inexcusable, for they saw that God’s Law had been long disregarded by them. And hence we learn, that each of them had sinned the more grievously, as he had been taught what was right, and had, as it were, designedly cast off the yoke. So also Christ teaches us, that the servant who knows his master’s will and does it not, shall be more severely punished than one who offends through ignorance. (Luk 12:47)
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
Jer 34:10. Now, &c. And all the princes, &c. consented that every one, &c. They consented, and let them go.
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
Jer 34:10 Now when all the princes, and all the people, which had entered into the covenant, heard that every one should let his manservant, and every one his maidservant, go free, that none should serve themselves of them any more, then they obeyed, and let [them] go.
Ver. 10. Then they obeyed, and let them go. ] They seemed to be very good as long as it lasted. See on Jer 34:8 . So when God lays siege to men by sickness or otherwise, then covenants are made and kept for a while concerning the putting away of their sins; but no sooner doth God slack his wrath but they retract their vows, and return to their wonted wickedness:
“ Aegrotus surgit, sed pia vota iacent. ”
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
The Twenty-Ninth Prophecy of Jeremiah (see book comments for Jeremiah).
every one = ‘ish, as in Jer 34:9.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
when: Jer 26:10, Jer 26:16, Jer 36:12, Jer 36:24, Jer 36:25, Jer 38:4
then: Jer 3:10, Jer 3:11, Isa 29:13, Mar 6:20
Reciprocal: Exo 14:5 – Why have we Jer 34:9 – serve Jer 34:15 – in proclaiming Jer 34:19 – princes
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Jer 34:10. The princes and others who had servants at first agreed to let them go free. The servants enjoyed. a short, period of freedom as required by the law.
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
Jer 34:10-11. Now when all the princes, &c., heard This verse is better translated by Blaney and others thus, And all the princes hearkened, or, consented, and all the people who entered into covenant to let every one his bondman, and every one his bond-woman go free, and not to exact service of them any more, they hearkened, I say, and let them go. That is, they conformed to the obligations of the covenant, which they had entered into at the instigation of their prince. But afterward they turned, and brought them into subjection, &c. Namely, upon the advance of the Egyptian army, which caused Nebuchadnezzar to raise the siege of Jerusalem. When they thought themselves safe from their enemies, as if they had also got out of Gods hand, they repented of their repentance, and returned to their old oppressions. Now this was not only a contempt of the divine law, as if it were of no force at all, but they might either keep it or break it as they thought fit; but it was a contempt of the covenant which they had, in a very solemn manner, (see Jer 34:18-20,) made with him, and of that wrath which they had imprecated upon themselves in case they should break that covenant. It was jesting with God Almighty, as if he could be imposed on by fallacious promises, which, when they had gained their point, they would think themselves no longer obliged by. It was lying to God with their mouths, and flattering him with their tongues. It was likewise a contempt of the judgments of God, and setting them at defiance; as if when once the course of them was stopped a little, and interrupted, they would never proceed again, nor be revived: whereas, reprieves are so far from being pardons, that if they be abused thus, and sinners take encouragement from them to return to sin, they are but preparatives for heavier strokes of divine vengeance.
Fuente: Joseph Bensons Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
The people of Jerusalem entered into a covenant to free their servants, and they at first followed through with their promise and liberated them. We do not know their precise motives. Perhaps the servants were needed to defend the city along with their masters, or they may have provided too many mouths for their masters to feed. Perhaps this represents repentance on the part of the masters who wanted to honor the Mosaic Covenant (cf. Exo 21:2-6; Lev 25:10; Deu 15:12-18). If it was repentance, it was short-lived and shallow.