Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Jeremiah 7:23
But this thing commanded I them, saying, Obey my voice, and I will be your God, and ye shall be my people: and walk ye in all the ways that I have commanded you, that it may be well unto you.
23. The nature of the compact was protection on the one hand conditional upon obedience on the other.
Hearken unto my voice ] The nearest approach to these words, considered as a quotation, is Exo 19:5, but it corresponds closely to the general tone of Deuteronomy.
in all the way, etc.] Only once elsewhere, viz. Deu 5:33.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Obey … – These words are not found verbatim in the Pentateuch, but are a sum mary of its principles. Sacrifice is never the final cause of the covenant, but always obedience (Exo 19:5-6; Lev 11:45. Compare Exo. 20; Deut. 11, in which the moral object of the Mosaic dispensation is most clearly taught). In connection with Jeremiahs argument, notice that Amo 5:25 (taken in conjunction with Jos 5:2-7) proves that the ceremonial law was not observed during the 40 years wandering in the wilderness. A thing so long in abeyance in the very time of its founder, could not be of primary importance.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Verse 23. This thing commanded I them – Obey my voice] It was not sacrifices and oblations which I required of your fathers in the wilderness, but obedience; it was to walk in that way of righteousness which I have commanded; then I should have acknowledged them for my people, and I should have been their God; and then it would have been well with them. But to my commands,
1. They hearkened not – paid no regard to my word.
2. They inclined not the ear – showed no disposition to attend to my counsels.
3. They walked in the imaginations of their evil heart – followed its irregular and impure motions, rather than the holy dictates of my Spirit.
4. They went backward and not forward. Instead of becoming more wise, obedient, and holy, they grew more corrupt; so that they became more profligate than their fathers.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
This thing, or word, which is the rule by which all obedience is to be tried, viz. what commands, every thing else being but mere superstition.
That it may be well unto you: he shows what would be the good effect of their obedience, Exo 15:26; Deu 5:29,33, which implies that their sufferings are from their perverseness, as it is expressed in the next verse.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
23. (Exo 15:26;Exo 19:5).
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
But this thing commanded I them, saying,…. This was the sum and substance of what was then commanded, even obedience to the moral law; this was the main and principal thing enjoined, and to which the promise was annexed:
obey my voice: the word of the Lord, his commands, the precepts of the decalogue; obedience to which was preferable to the sacrifices of the ceremonial law; see 1Sa 15:22, wherefore it follows:
and I will be your God, and ye shall be my people; the meaning is, that while they were obedient to him, he would protect them from their enemies, and continue them in their privileges and blessings, which he had bestowed upon them as his peculiar people:
and walk ye in all the ways that I have commanded you; not only in some of them, but in all of them; not merely in the observance of legal sacrifices, but chiefly in the performance of moral actions; even in all the duties of religion, in whatsoever is required in the law, respecting God or man:
that it may be well unto you; that they might continue in the land which was given them for an inheritance, and enjoy all the blessings promised to their obedience.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
I spoke not then to your fathers, nor commanded them in the day I brought them forth from the land of Egypt, etc. The Prophet calls the attention of the Jews to the first condition of the Church; for though God had made his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, yet he then only formed or framed for himself a Church when the Law was promulgated. Hence God at that time showed what pleased him, and prescribed certain things, which were in future to be inviolably observed: and as the Jews violated the rule given them, the Prophet concludes that God was corruptly and absurdly worshipped by them. This is the reason why he expressly speaks here of the deliverance granted to the fathers. There follows afterwards a clearer explanation, which removes all ambiguity: for God subordinates sacrifices to obedience. Yet sacrifices are a part of obedience: very true; but as the people were to be subject to the whole law, it hence follows, that the worship of God was mutilated by them, when there was no care for true piety. We now then, no doubt, understand the meaning of the Prophet, and see at the same time the reason why God so expressly rejected sacrifices: for what God has connected, it is not in the power of man to separate. (Mat 19:6; Mar 10:9.) This rending of things is impious. As the Jews had separated sacrifices from their right and legitimate end, whatever they did was a sacrilege and a profanation.
That we may now more fully comprehend this doctrine, we must remember this principle — that the basis of true religion is obedience. For unless God shines on us with his word, there is no religion, but only hypocrisy and superstition; as the case is with heathens, who, though they busy themselves much and with great diligence, yet loose all their labor, and uselessly weary themselves, for God has not shewn to them the right way. In short, true religion may always be distinguished from superstition by this mark — If the truth of God guides us, then our religion is true; but if any one follows his own reason, or is led by the opinion and consent of men, he forms for himself superstition; and nothing that he does will please God. This is one thing.
Now, in the second place, let us see what God chiefly requires from those who are his servants. Being fully convinced of this truth — that God cannot be truly served, except we obey his voice, we must consider, as I have said, what God commands us to do. Now, as he is a Spirit, so he demands sincerity of heart. (Joh 4:24.) We also know that God so comes to us, that he would have us to trust wholly in his gratuitous goodness, that he would have us to depend altogether on his paternal kindness, that he would have us to call on him, and to offer him the sacrifice of praise. Since, then, God has expressly required these things in his word, it is certain, that all other modes of worship are rejected by him as vitious; that is, when there is no faith, when there is no prayer and praise: for these hold the first place in true and legitimate worship.
This one passage is sufficient to put an end to all the contentions which are now in the world. For if the Papists admitted that obedience is of more account with God than all sacrifices, (1Sa 15:22,) we might easily agree. They might afterwards debate every article of faith; but there would be in the main an agreement between us, were they to submit simply and unreservedly to the word of God. But we see how pertinaciously they insist on this point — that we are not to stand on God’s word, nor acquiesce in it, because there is in it nothing certain. Hence they regard the doctrine of the Fathers, and what they call the perpetual consent of the Catholic Church, as of more value than the Law and the Prophets and the Gospel. They dare not indeed to contend on this ground; and so far they act wisely: for if the disputes between us are capable of being removed, as I have said, by God’s word, we could easily overcome them. But while they, fostering their own blindness, strive to extinguish the light, and willfully envelop themselves in darkness, let us follow what God’s Spirit shews to us here, — that the main part of true and right worship and service is to hear God speaking, and to regard obedience of more account than all offerings and sacrifices, according to the passage we have quoted from 1Sa 15:22.
He afterwards adds, I will be to you a God, and ye shall be to me a people; and ye shall walk in all the way which I shall shew to you, that it may be well with you. The Prophet confirms what I have already said, that if we would obey God, we must consider what he commands. Now God omits no part of true worship: we shall then never go astray from true religion, if only we render ourselves teachable. Whence then is it, that men diligently labor and profit nothing, except that they are deaf to God’s voice? for as it has been already often said, God has not only spoken generally, and in various ways, of obedience, but has clearly and distinctly taught what he approves. Our obedience then will please him, if only we learn what he would have us to do.
And at the same time he adds, that this condition was mentioned to the Jews, that it would be well with them, if they only obeyed God. Hence their perverseness is more fully detected; for they willfully sought to be miserable, and procured for themselves their own destruction: for a happy life was offered to them, provided only they submitted to God. Since they refused this, who does not see that they willfully gave themselves up to misery, as though they wished to provoke God’s anger, and did so designedly? for it immediately follows —
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
(23) But this thing commanded I them.The words that follow are a composite quotation, partly from the lately re-found Deuteronomy (Deu. 5:33), partly from the words that were strictly true of the day when Israel came out of Egypt (Exo. 19:5), partly from the very book which seemed to be most characterised by sacrificial ritual, Leviticus (Lev. 26:12). The influence of Jeremiahs teaching on later Jewish thought is shown by the fact that this very section of Jeremiah (Jer. 7:21-28) appears in the Synagogue ritual as the Haphtara, or second lesson from the prophets, after Leviticus 6-8, as the Parashah, or first lesson from the Law. The Synagogue worship, indeed, was, in the nature of the case, the result of the teaching of scribes and prophets rather than of priests, and therefore a witness for the spiritual truth symbolised in sacrifice, and not for the perpetuation of the symbol.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
Jer 7:23 But this thing commanded I them, saying, Obey my voice, and I will be your God, and ye shall be my people: and walk ye in all the ways that I have commanded you, that it may be well unto you.
Ver. 23. But this thing I commanded them, ] i.e., I principally commanded them, giving them therefore first the decalogue, and then afterwards the ceremonial law, which was, or should have been, their gospel.
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
this thing . . . Obey, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Lev 26:3-13). App-92.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Obey: Jer 11:4, Jer 11:7, Exo 15:26, Exo 19:5, Exo 19:6, Lev 26:3-12, Deu 5:29, Deu 5:33, Deu 6:3, Deu 11:27, Deu 13:4, Deu 30:2, Deu 30:8, Deu 30:20, Rom 16:26, 2Co 10:5, Heb 5:9
and I: Jer 31:33
that it: Jer 42:6, Deu 4:10, Deu 5:16, Deu 5:33
Reciprocal: Gen 3:17 – and hast Gen 22:18 – obeyed Exo 24:7 – All that Lev 26:12 – will be Num 29:17 – General Deu 4:30 – obedient Deu 10:12 – what doth Deu 17:3 – which Jdg 2:2 – but ye have 1Sa 15:22 – Hath the Lord 2Ki 17:13 – keep 2Ki 18:12 – they obeyed not 2Ki 21:8 – only if they Job 36:11 – If Psa 51:16 – delightest Psa 81:11 – people Psa 119:4 – General Pro 19:16 – keepeth the Isa 26:20 – my Jer 6:16 – and walk Jer 18:10 – do Jer 32:23 – but Zep 3:2 – obeyed Zec 7:7 – cried Zec 7:9 – saying Luk 13:34 – and ye 1Co 7:19 – but
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Jer 7:23. Outward or physical acts are the visible signs of the faith that is supposed to be in the heart of the performer. A man’s service to God (in whatever dispensation he lives) begins with faith in Him. (Heb 11:6.) If that faith exists and will become active, then the man possessing it will prove it by performing what the Lord commands, whether that consist of animal sacrifices, burning of incense, baptism in water, or prayer and song, or any other act commanded through inspired teaching. So this verse holds out the Idea that had the Israelites been true to the faith they professed they would never have stooped to the adornnable worship of idols.
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
Obedience to His words is what He commanded them first. It was more important that they obey Him than that they follow the procedures involved in presenting sacrifices that only symbolized their obedience and rectified their disobedience. His ancient command to obey also contained promises of blessing if they would obey. Yahweh had promised to adopt Israel into a uniquely intimate relationship with Himself that would be beneficial for the Israelites (Exo 19:5-6).