Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of John 14:20
At that day ye shall know that I [am] in my Father, and ye in me, and I in you.
20. At that day ] Comp. Joh 16:23; Joh 16:26. Pentecost, and thenceforth, to the end of the world. They will come to know, for experience will teach them, that the presence of the Spirit is the presence of Christ, and through Him of the Father.
ye in me, and I in you ] Comp. Joh 15:4-5, Joh 17:21; Joh 17:23; 1Jn 3:24; 1Jn 4:13; 1Jn 4:15-16.
Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
At that day – In the time when my life shall be fully manifested to you, and you shall receive the assurance that I live. This refers to the time after his resurrection, and to the manifestations which in various ways he would make that he was alive.
That I am in my Father … – That we are most intimately and indissolubly united. See the notes at Joh 10:38.
Ye in me – That there is a union between us which can never be severed. See the notes at Joh 15:1-7.
Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
Joh 14:20
At that day ye shall know that I am in My Father, and ye in Me, and I in you
Christs legacy
I.
THE LEGACY ITSELF: Knowledge. Ye shall know. God delivered the Jews to some extent from ignorance by the law, which was their schoolmaster. But in the gospel we are graduates, and know as a matter of history and experience what was only previously known in prophecy and type, in the manifestation of Christ, and the presence of the Spirit. Consider this knowledge as opposed to
1. Ignorance. As there is a profitable ignorance which is a reverent abstinence from searching into Gods secrets, so there is an unprofitable ignorant knowledge which puffs us up. And one strange effect of this ignorance is that every man murmurs that someone else has more land or money than he, yet every man thinks that he has more knowledge than all the world beside. Wherefore the prophet (Jer 10:14) calls this confident believer in his own wisdom a fool, as the greatest reproach that can be fastened upon him. Now, this foolishness is not narrowness of understanding, nor inability to acquire knowledge, for many good men are unlettered and dull. The fool is he who trusteth in his own heart; and against this Christ has left us this legacy of knowledge.
2. Inconsideration. God takes it worse to be neglected than to be injured. Dares an officer who receives instruction from his prince on nonperformance say, I never thought of it? Dares a subject, a servant, or a son? God shows the inconsiderate man
(1) The book of His creatures. Every ant asks him, Where had I this providence and industry? Every flower, Where had I this beauty, fragrance, medicinal virtue?
(2) The Scriptures, where every merciful promise cries, Why am I here to meet thee and perform Gods purpose towards thee, if thou never consider me? So with every judgment.
(3) The example of Christ, who reconsidered His prayer, Yet not My will, but Thine, be done. Since, then, our best acts of reading or hearing and praying need consideration, value this legacy.
3. Concealment. It must be published for the benefit of others. Virtue that is never produced into action is not worthy of the name (Phm 1:6).
II. THE TIME WHEN THIS LEGACY ACCRUES TO US. At that day.
1. The word itself affords cheerfulness. When God inflicted the greatest plague on Egypt it was at midnight; and when He would intimate both deaths at once He says, Thou fool, this night, etc. Against all supply of knowledge He calls him fool; against all sense of comfort in the day He threatens night.
2. It was a certain day: That–and soon. For after Christ had made His will at this supper, and given strength to His will by His death, and proved His will by His resurrection, and left the Church possessed of His estate by His ascension, within ten days after that He poured out this legacy of knowledge.
3. On that day the Holy Ghost came as a wind to note a powerful working; filled them, to note the abundance; and gave them utterance, to infer the communication of their knowledge to others. But He was poured forth for the benefit of all. The prophets, high as their calling was, saw nothing without the Spirit; with the Spirit simple man understands the prophets.
III. OUR PORTION IN THIS LEGACY–the measure of the knowledge of those mysteries which we are to receive. When Felix the Manichaean would prove to Augustine that Manes was the Holy Spirit who should teach all truth, because Manes taught many things of which men were ignorant concerning the frame and nature of the heavens, Augustine answered, The Holy Ghost makes us Christians, not mathematicians. This knowledge is to know the end and the way–heaven and Christ. Now, in all our journeys, a moderate pace brings a man most surely to his journeys end, and so does a sober knowledge in the mysteries of religion. Therefore, the Holy Ghost did not give the apostles all kind of knowledge, but knowledge enough for their present work, and so with us. The points of knowledge necessary for our salvation are three.
1. The mystery of the Trinity. I am in My Father. Origin tells us that the principal use of knowledge is to know the Trinity. For to know that there is one God, natural reason serves our turn. But to know that the Son is in the Father I need the Scriptures, and the light of the Holy Spirit on the Scriptures, for Jews and Arians have the Bible too. But consider that Christ says, ye shall know, not ye shall know how. It is enough for a happy subject to enjoy the sweetness of a peaceable government, though he knows not the ways by which his prince governs, so it is enough for a Christian to enjoy the working of Gods grace, though he inquire not into
Gods unrevealed decrees. When the Church asked how the body of Christ was in the sacrament we see what an inconvenient answer it fell upon. Make much of that knowledge with which the Spirit hath trusted you, and believe the rest. No man knows how his soul came into him, yet no man doubts that he has a soul.
2. The mystery of the Incarnation–Ye in Me. For since the devil has taken manhood in one lump in Adam, Christ to deliver us as entirely took all mankind upon Him. So that the same pretence that the devil hath against us, You are mine, for you sinned in Adam, we have also for our discharge, we are delivered, for we paid our debt in Christ.
3. The assurance of this grows from the third part of our knowledge the mystery of our redemption, in our sanctification. I in you. This last is the best. To know that Christ is in the Father may serve me to convince another who denies the Trinity; to know we are in Christ may show that we are more honoured than angels. But what worth is this if I know not that Christ is in me. How then is this? Here the question is lawful, for it has been revealed. It is by our obedience to His inspiration, and by our reverent use of His sacrament, when the Spirit visits us with effectual grace, and Christ marries Himself to our souls. (J. Donne, D. D.)
The experimental knowledge of the Christian mysteries
Our Lord had just been exhorting His disciples to believe that He was in the Father and the Father in Him; and had been gently wondering at the slowness of their faith. Now He tells them that, when He is gone, they shall know the thing which, with Him by their side, they found it so hard to believe.
I. The principle that underlies these wonderful words is that CHRISTIAN EXPERIENCE IS THE BEST TEACHER OF FUNDAMENTAL CHRISTIAN TRUTH. Observe with what decision our Lord carries that principle into regions where we might suppose at first sight that it was altogether inapplicable.
1. Ye shall know that I am in My Father. How can such a thing as the relation between Christ and God ever be a matter of consciousness? Must it not always be a matter that we must take on trust? Not so; remember what has gone before. If I have these things I know that it is Jesus Christ that gives them, and I know that He could not give them if He did not dwell in God and were not Divine. These new influences, this revolution in my being, this healing touch, these new hopes, these reversed desires, all these things bear upon their very front the signature that they are wrought by a Divine hand, and as sure as I am of my own Christian consciousness, so sure am I that all its experiences proclaim their author, and that Christ who does them is in God. On the subject of Christs Divinity, many profound and learned arguments have been urged by theologians, and these are all well and needful in their places, but the true way to be sure of it is to have Him dwelling with us and working on us.
2. In like manner, the other elements of this knowledge flow necessarily from Christian experiences. That ye are in Me, and I in you. If a Christian man carries the consciousness of Christs presence, and has Him as a Sun in his darkness, and as a Life source feeding his deadness with life, then he knows with a consciousness which is irrefragable that Jesus Christ is in him.
3. So, let us learn what the Christian mans experience ought to be, and to do for him. It should make all the fundamentals of the gospel vitally and vividly true; and, certified by what had passed within your own spirits, you should be able to say, we have the witness in ourselves. And though there will remain much in Christian doctrine which is not capable of that plain and all-sufficing verification; much about which we must still depend on the teaching of others, the central facts which make the gospel may all become elements of our very consciousness which stand undeniable to us, whosoever denies them.
II. SUCH A DIRECT WAY TO KNOWLEDGE IS REASONABLE.
1. It is in plain analogy with the manner by which we attain to the knowledge of everything except the mere external facts. How do you know anything about love? You may read poems and tragedies to the end of time, and you will not understand it until you come under its spell for yourself; and then all the things that men said about it cease to be mere words, because you yourself have experienced the emotion. And the only way to be sure, with a vital certitude, of Christ, is to take Christ for your very own, and then He comes into your very being, and dwells there unchanged, the Sun and the Life.
2. Though such certitude is not available for other people, the fact that so many millions of men allege that they possess this certitude is available for other people. And there is nothing to be said by the unbeliever to this. Whether this man be a sinner or no, I know not. You may jangle as much as you like about the controversial points that surround the Christian revelation. One thing I know, that whereas I was blind, now I see. And we may push the war into the enemys quarters, and say, Why! herein is a marvellous thing, that you that know everything do not know whence this Man is. And yet He has opened mine eyes. You want facts; there are some. You want verification; we have verified by experiment, and we set to our seals that God is true.
3. But, you say, that is not a fair account of the way in which Christian men and women generally feel about this matter. Well, so much the worse for the so-called Christian men and women. And if they are Christians, and do not know by this inward experience that Christ is Divine and their Saviour, then either their experience is wretchedly superficial and fragmentary; or, having the facts, they have failed to make their own by reflection the certitudes which are their own. (A. Maclaren, D. D.)
The Father, Christ, and His people one
1. The importance of a definite knowledge and firm belief of the more recondite doctrines of Christianity is greatly underrated. By the infidel they are considered as mystical dreams, scholastic abstractions, characterized by self-contradiction and absurdity. The rationalistic Christian for the same reason explains away the passages that teach them. But there are also men–loud in proclaiming their belief of all these doctrines–whose belief ofthem is little more than a belief that the propositions in which they are stated, and who plainly consider them as having little connection with the formation of character and guidance of conduct. But I do not worship the Christian God if I do not worship God in Christ; and as Christian worship is rational worship, I cannot worship God in Christ, without knowing what is meant by God being in Christ, and believing it. All Christian motive and comfort flow from Christian doctrine understood and believed.
2. The phrase, that day, does not seem here to refer to some short fixed period–as the time when our Lord returned to the disciples after His resurrection–or, the time of the giving of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost,–or, the time of the second coming; but to the whole period from our Lords coming after the Resurrection, to His coming the second time for complete salvation. The phrase is very often so used in the Old Testament Isa 12:1; Zec 13:1; Zec 14:9).
I. THE DOCTRINES.
1. Christ is in the Father. The sentiment is more fully expressed in verses 10,
11. Note–
(1) The relation between our Lord and the Father as Divine persons? They are, with the Holy Spirit, possessors of the one Divine essence, are of the same perfections and prerogatives. It is the most intimate relation in the universe. The Father and the Son are one. This is a union with the Father common to the Son and to the Spirit; but there is a union with the Father peculiar to the Son. He is the Son of the Father, the Father is His Father.
(2) The relation between our Lord as the man Christ Jesus, and the Father?
(a) The man Christ Jesus is in personal unity with the Divinity. He is related to God as no man ever was, ever will be, ever can be. He was God manifest in flesh.
(b) The man Christ Jesus was, from the very moment of His beginning to exist as a man, brought entirely under the influence of the Holy Spirit, through whom the one Divinity does all things. In other relations the Son stands alone. Here He stands, at the head of an innumerable multitude of brethren.
(3) The relation between our Lord as God-man, Mediator and the Father. It belonged to the Father, as sustaining the majesty of Godhead, to appoint the Mediator. Our Lord took not this honour on Himself. He was in the Father, as the ambassador is in his prince or sovereign; and the Father was in Him, as the prince or sovereign is in his ambassador. His doctrine was the doctrine of God; His works were the works of God.
2. Christs people are in Him.
(1) By the Divine constitution, every believer is brought into such an intimacy of relation with Jesus Christ, as that he is treated as if he had done what Christ has done. So that in him he is justified, sanctified, and redeemed (1Co 1:30), absolutely secured of a complete salvation, from His connection with Him.
(2) Besides, Christs people are in Him, as the branch in the vine, as the members in the head. As new creatures, in Him they live, and move, and have their being (Joh 6:57).
3. Christ is in His people. They are animated by His Spirit. But that Spirit, enabling them to understand and believe His word, makes them think, will, choose along with Him, walk as He also walked; so that they are His animated images, His living epistles.
II. THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE DOCTRINES. The apostles had heard them again and again, and they had some misty general conception of them; but they had no clear apprehension. But the time was approaching when their views should be enlarged, and their faith confirmed, and experience called in to the aid of faith.
1. The Resurrection, to some extent, cleared their minds. They saw that their Master was in the Father. He was thereby powerfully declared to be the Son of God (Joh 20:28).
2. The outpouring of the Holy Spirit went still farther in extending their views and confirming their faith (see Peters sermon on the Day of Pentecost).
3. And all the true followers of our Lord, in every age and country, are all made to know these doctrines by the teaching of His Spirit through the word, and the working of the Spirit in their hearts. They lie at the very foundation of all their hopes, and all their holiness.
4. And at the great day of doom, they shall know more clearly still, and as eternity rolls on, new depths of meaning are found in these unfathomable words. (J. Brown, D. D.)
The union between Christ and His people
It is a union of mutual in-being, not a union of affection only, such as the stones have, when they lie together in a heap; but rather such as is between the wine and the water, when they are put together, saving that they are not mixed together. Christ is not mixed with a Christian, a Christian is not mixed with Christ; Christ is not a Christian, a Christian is not Christ; but there is a union of mutual in-being. Now, you know, when the fire gets into the iron, is united to it, is in it, the properties of the fire are communicated to the iron; the iron forgets his own blackness, and shines with the shining of the fire, and burns with the burning of the fire. And as a coal, though it be never so dark and black a body, when the fire comes, get into it, the properties of the fire are communicated to it, and it burns like the fire itself, and melts like the fire itself, and shines like the fire itself. So, when the Lord Jesus Christ is united to a soul, look what excellencies there are in Christ, what graces in Christ, the same are communicated to it; the soul shines with Christs shining, and warms with His warming: there is grace answerable for His grace. (W. Bridge, M. A.)
Fuente: Biblical Illustrator Edited by Joseph S. Exell
Verse 20. That I am in my Father] After my resurrection, ye shall be more fully convinced of this important truth, that I and the Father are ONE; for I will live in you by the energy of my Spirit, and ye shall live in me by faith, love, and obedience.
Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Some understand our Saviour here speaking of the day of his resurrection; others interpret it of the days of Pentecost, when there should be such an effusion of the blessed Spirit: but the following words discover, that it is best interpreted of the day of judgment, and the general resurrection: for they speak of two great mysteries, which the disciples should understand in that day which is here spoken of; to wit, the personal union of Christ with his Father, and the mystical union of believers with Christ: as to both which, though the apostles and believers knew much more after Christs resurrection, and the pouring forth of the Spirit in the days of Pentecost, than they knew before those times; yet it is a very imperfect knowledge they ever had, or yet have, of those mysterious unions; but in the resurrection we shall understand these things clearly.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
20. At that dayof theSpirit’s coming.
ye shall know that I am in myFather, ye in me, I in you(See on Joh17:22,23).
Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
At that day ye shall know,…. The things they should know, or the objects of knowledge are,
that I [am] in my Father; in his bosom, in union with him, partaker of the same nature, perfections, and glory with him, and equal to him:
and you in me: that they were in union with him as the branches in the vine, and as the members are in the head, and how they were loved in him, chosen in him, righteous in him, risen with him, and made to sit together in heavenly places in him:
and I in you; formed in their hearts, living in them, dwelling in them, as in his temples, and filling them with grace and glory. The knowledge of these things promised, designs a more clear and distinct knowledge of them; something of them was known already, but not so perfectly as should be hereafter; and this does not suppose that these unions between the Father and Christ, and between Christ and his people, shall then begin to be; for as the union between the Father and the Son is as eternal as themselves; so the union between Christ and his people, as he is the head and representative of them, is as early as his investiture with the office of a Mediator, and his suretyship engagements for them, which were from eternity; and are the ground, and foundation of his being in them, and they in him in the effectual calling; nor does it suggest that they shall begin to be known; only that they shall be known in a more perfect manner: the time when this will be, is “at that day”: meaning either when he should “live” in the body again, be raised from the dead, when he should he declared to be the Son of God with power, when it would appear, that he had the same power with the Father, by raising himself from the dead, and when he would rise as a public head representing them, for their justification, and they should see themselves justified and discharged in him; or the day of “Pentecost”, when “the Spirit of truth”, he promises to pray for, should come to them in an extraordinary manner, and lead them into the knowledge of these things; or the last day, the resurrection morn, when, by virtue of union to Christ, the saints shall rise and “live” with him for ever, and shall have a perfect knowledge of these several unions; see Joh 17:21.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
In that day ( ). The New Dispensation of the Holy Spirit, beginning with Christ’s Resurrection and the Coming of the Holy Spirit at pentecost.
Shall know (). Future middle of . Chapters 1 to 3 of Acts bear eloquent witness to these words.
Fuente: Robertson’s Word Pictures in the New Testament
1 ) “At that day,” (en ekeine te hemera) “In that day,” when the Spirit of truth has come to empower you to witness of me, Luk 24:49; Act 1:8; Joh 16:7; Joh 16:13-14. The that day” referred not to Pentecost, but to the Day of the Gentile Dispensation or church age.
2) “Ye shall know that I am in my Father,” (gnosesthe humeis hoti ego en to patri mou) “You all will know that I am (or exist) in my Father,” in His essence of being, in vital union with Him, the source of all life, Joh 14:10 and as certified Joh 10:28-30; Joh 10:38.
3) “And ye in me, and I in you.” (kai humeis en emoi kago en humin) “And you all exist in me, and I am or exist in you all,” in your midst always, Joh 17:12-13; Joh 17:20. Of this Paul wrote “Christ in you the hope of glory,” Col 1:27.
Fuente: Garner-Howes Baptist Commentary
20. At that day Some refer this to the day of Pentecost; but it rather denotes the uninterrupted course, as it were, of a single day, from the time when Christ exerted the power of his Spirit till the last resurrection. From that time they began to know, but it was a sort of feeble beginning, because the Spirit had not yet wrought so powerfully in them. For the object of these words is, to show that we cannot, by indolent speculation, know what is the sacred and mystical union between us and him, and again, between him and the Father; but that the only way of knowing it is, when he diffuses his life in us by the secret efficacy of the Spirit; and this is the trial of faith, which I lately mentioned.
As to the manner in which this passage was formerly abused by the Aryans, to prove that Christ is God only by participation and by grace, it is easy to refute their sophistry. For Christ does not speak merely of his eternal essence, but of that Divine power which was manifested in him. As the Father has laid up in the Son all fullness of blessings, so, on the other hand, the Son has conveyed himself entirely into us. He is said to be in us, because he plainly shows, by the efficacy of his Spirit, that he is the Author and the cause of our life.
Fuente: Calvin’s Complete Commentary
(20) At that day ye shall knowi.e., the day of the gift of the Comforter, in whom Christ shall come to them. In the first reference the Day of Pentecost is meant, but the words hold good of every spiritual quickening, and will hold good of the final coming in the last day. The pronoun ye is emphaticYe shall know for yourselves.
That I am in my Father, and ye in me, and I in you.Comp. Note on Joh. 10:38. The result of this spiritual illumination would be that they should of themselves know the immanence of the Son in the Father, and their own union with the Father through Him. They ask now (Joh. 14:8) for a manifestation of the Father. The Spirit should so bring the life of Christ to their hearts that they would read in it the manifestation of the Father, and feel that in and through that life their own spirit has communion with God. The Spirit would witness with their spirit that they were the children of God. They would seek no longer for a Theophany from without, but in the depth of their inmost lives would cry, Abba, Father.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
20. At that day We have here the prophetic formula, In that day. In those days, or, In the last days, by which is intimated a foreseen future period, opening into an indefinite extension. It is the day of the Spirit dispensation, extending onward to the day of the Second Advent. So Isa 11:13: “The Lord alone shall be exalted in that day.” And Isa 2:2: “In the last days the mountain of the Lord’s house [Zion] shall be exalted above the hills; and all nations shall flow unto it.”
Ye shall know It shall be by experience. There shall be no guess, or mere expectation, or hope so about it. The religion of the Spirit is not a hope, but an enjoyment. “For what a man seeth, why doth he yet hope for?” Rom 8:24.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Joh 14:20. At that day ye shall know, &c. The words rendered and I have a peculiar elegance, which cannot be easily understood without adding the word so in the translation; accordingly the verse would run thus: At that day ye shall know, that as I am in the Father, and you in me, so also I am in you. The verse consists of two parts, as the effects of Christ’s resurrection. First, they shall know that Christ is in his Father, that he has eternally dwelt in the Fatherthat he is one with him by the completest union of essence and councils. Secondly, they shall know that Christ continues in them, communicates his power to them, and has not forsaken them, as by his death they might suspect: they would be convinced to the contrary by his resurrection, by his abiding and conversing with them for forty days after, by his going to heaven to prepare a place for them, by his sending his Spirit to them, and by his indwelling presence, to administer every degree of comfort, light, and power, which would be requisite to render their afflictions supportable, their own souls holy and happy, and their ministry successful. After his resurrection and mission of the Holy Spirit, the disciples could no longer doubt that Christ came from the Father, and dwelt eternally with him; and of course they must have possessed the clearest conviction of that most perfect intercourse which eternally and constantly subsisted between him and his Father: and when they saw the success of their ministry, the Spirit himself bearing them witness by signs and wonders, and enabling them to undertake the arduous, the glorious task, by the gift of tongues, they could not question their apostolic call, nor could they doubt whether Christ was present to them in his divinity, and co-operating with them by his Spirit and power. Thus were they experimentally taught to understand somewhat of that union which is between the Father and the Son, and likewise between Him and the church, or society of Christian believe
Fuente: Commentary on the Holy Bible by Thomas Coke
Joh 14:20-21 . At that day ; [153] in the historical fulfilment this was the day of Pentecost. Not: at that time (De Wette), or, as Hengstenberg twists it: in the period of time , beginning with the day of the resurrection (comp. Weiss); for a definite fact, marked off in point of time, is treated of, and this is the advent of Christ in the Paraclete. Comp. Joh 16:23 .
, . . .] This dynamic immanence of Christ in the Father (see on Joh 10:38 ), which exists even in His state of exaltation (Col 3:3 ), like the analogous reciprocal relation between Him and the disciples, according to which they live and move in Him and He in them (Gal 2:20 ), was to become for them a matter of experimental acquaintance through the Spirit.
Joh 14:21 . General moral condition of this promised . Comp. Joh 14:15 .
, . . . ] Augustine: “qui habet in memoria et servat in vita.” The , however, is rather the internal possession of the commandments, obtained by faith, the appropriated living presence of them in the believing consciousness, as the consequence of the . Comp. Joh 5:38 .
] with great and exclusive emphasis.
In . and lies the peculiar mutual love.
. ] . , Euth. Zigabenus.
] corresponds to the , which was to commence through this very causing of Himself to appear in virtue of the communication of the Spirit. On ., comp. Exo 33:13 ; Exo 33:18 ; Sap. Joh 1:2 ; Mat 27:53 . The expression is such, that it sets forth the relation of the self-demonstration of the Lord to His individual loving ones , not His manifestation at the Parousia , which certainly will be glorious and universal (in answer to Luthardt). Those who explain it of the resurrection of Christ understand the appearances of the Risen One to be referred to, 1Co 15 (Grotius, Hilgenfeld, and many others).
[153] Luthardt, according to his view of the entire passage, must understand the day of the Parousia , whereby he assigns to the moment of the completed knowledge.
Fuente: Heinrich August Wilhelm Meyer’s New Testament Commentary
20 At that day ye shall know that I am in my Father, and ye in me, and I in you.
Ver. 20. That I am in my Father and you in me ] Oh happy union, the ground of communion! interest! the ground of influence! Hence we have communication of Christ’s secrets,1Co 2:61Co 2:6 ; the testimony of Jesus, 1Co 1:5 ; consolation in all afflictions, 2Co 1:5 ; sanctification of all occurrences, Phi 1:21 ; participation of Christ’s merit and Spirit, and what not?
Fuente: John Trapp’s Complete Commentary (Old and New Testaments)
20. ] . ., no particular day: but ‘each of these periods, as its continually increasing light breaks upon you, shall bring increased knowledge of your unity in Me with the Father, and my dwelling in you by the Spirit.’ If any particular day is to be thought of, it would naturally be the Pentecost.
Fuente: Henry Alford’s Greek Testament
Joh 14:20 . , “in that day,” which does not mean Pentecost, but the new Christian era which was to be characterised by these experiences. Cf. Holtzmann. The sense of a new life produced by Christ would compel the conviction “that I am in the Father” in vital union with the source of all life, “and that you are in me,” vitally connected with me so as to receive that life that I live, “and I in you,” filling you with all the fulness that is in myself, living out my own life in and through you, and finding in you room for the output of all I am.
Fuente: The Expositors Greek Testament by Robertson
John
THE GIFTS OF THE PRESENT CHRIST
Joh 14:20 – Joh 14:21
We have heard our Lord in the previous verse unveiling His deepest and strongest encouragements to His downcast followers. These were: His presence with them, their true sight of Him, and their participation in His life. The first part of our present text is closely connected with these, for it gives us their upshot and consequence. Because Christ’s true disciple is conscious of Christ’s presence, sees Him with the eyes of his spirit, and draws life from Him, therefore he will know by experience the deep truths of Christ’s indwelling at once in the Father and in His servant, and of His servant’s indwelling in Him. Our Lord had just previously been exhorting His disciples to believe that He was in the Father and the Father in Him; and had been gently wondering at the slowness of their faith. Now He tells them that, when He is gone, their spiritual stature will be so increased as that they shall know the thing which, with Him by their side, they found it so hard to believe.
The second part of our present text is the close of this whole section of our Lord’s discourse, and in it He urges the requirement of practical obedience, as the sign and test of love, and as the condition of receiving these high and wonderful things of which He has been speaking. He has been unveiling spiritual blessings, which may seem recondite and up in the clouds, and which, as a matter of fact, have often been perverted into dreamy mysticisms of a most immoral and unpractical kind. And so He brings us sharp back again here to very plain truths, and would teach us that all these lofty and ineffable gifts of which He has been dimly speaking are to be reached only by the commonplace road of honest obedience and simple conformity to His commandments. In these last words of my text, He administers the antidote and the check to the possible abuses of the great things which He has been saying.
I. Note, then, first, the knowledge that comes with the Christ who comes.
The New Testament, as I read it, is full at every point of the divinity of Jesus Christ; and many profound and learned arguments on that subject have been urged by theologians, and these are all well and needful in their places, but the true way to be sure of it is to have Him dwelling with us and working in us; and then what was an article of belief becomes an article of knowledge, and we know Him to be our Saviour and the Son of God.
In like manner, and yet more obviously, the other elements of this knowledge which Christ promises here may be shown to flow naturally and necessarily from Christian experiences. ‘That ye are in Me, and I in you,’-if a Christian man carries the consciousness of Christ’s presence, and has Him as a Sun in his darkness, and as a Life-source feeding his deadness with life, then he knows with a consciousness which is irrefragable that Jesus Christ is in him, for he feels His touch; and he knows that he is in Christ, for he is aware of the power that girdles him, and in which he has peace and righteousness and all.
So, dear brethren, let us learn what the Christian man’s experience ought to be and to do for him. It should change the articles of our creed into elements of our consciousness. It should make all the fundamentals of the Gospel vitally and vividly true; and certified by what has passed within our own spirits We should be able to say: ‘We have the witness in ourselves.’ And though there will remain much that is uncertain, much in Christian doctrine which is not capable of that clear and all-sufficing verification; much about which we must still depend on the mere teaching of others, or on our own study, the central facts which make the Gospel may all become, by this plain and short path, elements of our very consciousness which stand undeniable to us, whosoever denies them.
Such a direct way to knowledge is reasonable, is in full analogy with the manner by which we attain to the knowledge of everything except the mere external facts, the knowledge of which has arrogated to itself the exclusive name of ‘science,’ How do you know anything about love? You may read poems and tragedies to the end of time, and you will not understand it until you come under its spell for yourself; and then all the things that men said about it cease to be mere words, because you yourself have experienced the emotion.
‘He must be loved, ere that to you
He will seem worthy of your love,’
So, dear brethren, though such certitude arising from experience, which in its nature is the very highest, is not available for other people, the fact that so many millions of men allege that in varying degrees they possess this certitude is available for other people, and there is nothing to be said by the unbeliever to this, the attestation of the Christian consciousness to the truth of the truths which it has tried. ‘Whether this man be a sinner or no, I know not.’ You may jangle as much as you like about the questionable and controversial points that surround the Christian revelation, I do not care in the present connection what answer you give to them. ‘Whether this man be a sinner or no, I know not. One thing I know, that whereas I was blind, now I see.’ And we may push the war into the enemy’s quarters, and say: ‘Why! herein is a marvellous thing, that you that know everything do not know whence this man is, and yet He has opened mine eyes. You want facts; there are some. You want verification; we have verified by experience, and we set to our seals that God is true.’
‘Oh but,’ you say, ‘this is not a fair account of the way in which Christian men and women generally feel about this matter.’ Well, all that I can say about that is, so much the worse for the so-called Christian men and women. And if they are Christians, and do not know by this inward experience that Christ is divine and their Saviour, then there is only one of two reasons to be given for it; either their experience is so wretchedly superficial and fragmentary, so rudimentary as to be scarcely worth calling by the name or, having the facts, they have failed to appreciate their significance, and to make their own by reflection the certitudes which are their own.
Brethren, it becomes every Christian man and woman to be able to say, ‘Because I have Christ with me, and see Him, and derive my life from Him, I know that He is in the Father, and I in Him, and He in me.’ And if you cannot say that, it is your own grasp of Him, or your meditation upon what you have got by your grasp, that is painfully and sinfully defective.
II. My text speaks of the obedience which is the sign and test of love.
There is, however, a slight difference in the point of view in the two sayings; the former begins with the root and traces it upwards and outwards to its fruits, love blossoming into obedience. Our text reverses the process, and takes the thing by the other end; begins with the fruits and traces them downwards and inwards to the root. ‘He that hath and keepeth My commandments, he it is that loveth Me.’ The two sayings substantially mean the same thing; but in the one love is put first as the cause of obedience, and in the other obedience is put first, as the certain fruit and sure sign of love. The connection between these and the preceding words is, as I have already pointed out, that our Lord here brings all His lofty promises down to the sharp, practical requirement of obedience, as the only condition on which they can be fulfilled.
So note, and very briefly about this matter, how remarkably our Lord here declares the possession of His commandments to be a sign of love to Him. ‘He that hath,’ a word which is generally passed over in our reading-’He that hath My commandments, He it is that loveth Me.’ Of course there are two ways of having His commandments; there is having them in the Bible, and there is having them in the heart;-present before my eye, as a law that I ought to obey, or present within my will, as a power that shapes it. And the latter is the only kind of ‘having’ that Christ regards as real and valid. The rest is only preparatory and superficial. Love possesses the knowledge of the loved one’s will. Is not that true? Do we not all know how strange is the power of divining desires that goes along with true affection, and how the power, not only of divining, but of treasuring, these desires is the test and the thermometer of our true love? Some of us, perhaps, keep laid away in sacred, secret places tattered, yellow, old bits of paper with the words of a dear one on them, that we would not part with. ‘He that hath My commandments’ laid up in lavender in the deepest recesses of his faithful heart, he it is ‘that loveth Me.’
In like manner, our Lord says, the practical obedience to His commandments is the sure sign and test of love. I need not dwell upon that. There are two motives for keeping commandments-one because they are commanded, and one because we love Him that commands. The one is slavery, the other is liberty. The one is like the Arctic regions, cold and barren, the other is like tropical lands, full of warmth and sunshine, glorious and glad fertility.
The form of the sentence suggests how easy it is for people to delude themselves about their love to Jesus Christ. That emphatic ‘he,’ and the putting first of the character before its root is pointed out, are directed against false pretensions to love. The love that Christ stamps with His hall-mark, and passes as genuine, is no mere emotion, however passionate, however sweet; no mere sentiment, however pure, however deep. The tiniest little rivulet that drives a mill is better than a Niagara that rushes and foams and tumbles idly. And there is much so-called love to Jesus Christ that goes masquerading up and down the world, from which the paint is stripped by the sharp application of the words of my text. Character and conduct are the true demonstrations of Christian love, and it is only love so attested that He accepts.
III. Lastly, notice the further and sweeter gifts of divine love and manifestation which reward our love and obedience.
Note, as to the first, the extraordinary boldness of that majestic saying: ‘If a man loves Me, My Father will love him.’ God regards our love to Jesus Christ as the fulfilling of the law, as equivalent to our supreme love to Himself, as containing in it the germ of all that is pleasing in His sight. And so, upon our hearts, if we love Christ, there falls the benediction of the Father’s love. Of course I need not remind you that our Lord here is not beginning at the very beginning of everything; for prior to all men’s love to Christ is Christ’s love to men, and ours to Him is but the reflection and the echo called forth by His to us. ‘We love Him because He first loved us’ digs a story deeper down in the building than the words of my text, which is speaking, not of the process by which a man comes to receive the love of God for the first time, but of the process by which a Christian man grows in his possession of it. That being understood, here is a great lesson. It is not all the same to God whether a man is a scoundrel or a saint. The divine love is over all its works, and embraces every variety of humanity, the most degraded, alien, hostile. But in this generation, as it seems to me, there is great need for preaching that whilst that is gloriously and blessedly true, the other thing is just as true, that to know the deepest depth and to taste the sweetest sweetness of the love of our Father God, there must be in our hearts love to Him whom He has sent, which manifests itself by our obedience. God’s love is a moral love; and whilst the sunbeams play upon the ice and melt it sometimes, they flash back from, and rest most graciously and fully on, the rippling stream into which the ice has turned. God loves them that love Him not, but the depths of His heart and the secret, sacred favours of His grace can only be bestowed upon those who in some measure are conformed, and are growingly being conformed, to His likeness in Jesus Christ, and who love Him and obey Him.
And, in like manner, my text tells us that if we wish to know all that it is possible for us here, amidst the clouds, and shadows, and darknesses, to know of that dear Lord, the path to such knowledge is plain. Walk in the way of obedience, and Christ will meet you with the unveiling of more and more of His love. To live what we believe is the sure way to increase its amount. To be faithful to the little is the certain way to inherit the much. And Christ manifests Himself, in all deep and recondite sweetness, gentleness, constraining power, to the men who treasure the partial knowledge as yet possessed, in their loving hearts and obedient wills, and who make a conscience of translating all their knowledge into conduct, and of basing all their conduct on knowledge of Him. He gives us His whole self at the first, but we traverse the breadth of the gift by degrees. He puts Himself into our hands and into our hearts when we humbly trust Him and imperfectly try to love Him. But the flower is but a bud when we get it, and, as we hold it, it opens its petals to the light.
So, if ‘any man wills to do His will, he shall know of the doctrine’; and if, touched by His divine love and infinite sacrifice for me, I cast my poor self upon Him, and try to love Him back again, and to keep His commandments because I love, then day by day I shall realise more and more of His strong, immortal, all-satisfying love, and see more and more deeply into that Saviour, whose infinite beauties remain unrevealed after all revelation, and to know more and more of whom shall be the Heaven of Heavens yonder, as it is the joy and life of the soul here.
Fuente: Expositions Of Holy Scripture by Alexander MacLaren
At = In. Greek. en. App-104.
At that day. Referring primarily to the forty days after His resurrection, but this well-known Hebrew term describes the day of the Lord, in contra- distinction to this present day of man (1Co 4:3 margin) See Isa 2:11-17 and Rev 1:10.
I in you. Fulfilled primarily at Pentecost, but looking on to the time when He will be among (Greek. en. App-104.) His people, as Jehovah-Shammah. See Eze 43:7; Eze 48:35. Zep 3:15-17.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
20.] . ., no particular day: but each of these periods, as its continually increasing light breaks upon you, shall bring increased knowledge of your unity in Me with the Father, and my dwelling in you by the Spirit. If any particular day is to be thought of, it would naturally be the Pentecost.
Fuente: The Greek Testament
Joh 14:20. , in that) after that little while ( ).- day) the day of the Resurrection.-, ye shall know) better than we do now.-) ye, concerning whom see the following verses.- ) in My Father, viz. the living Father, ch. Joh 6:57. Understand, and the Father in Me; and infer, the Father in you, and you in the Father.
Fuente: Gnomon of the New Testament
Joh 14:20
Joh 14:20
In that day ye shall know that I am in my Father, and ye in me, and I in you.-After his resurrection, the disciples would know his union with the Father, and their union and oneness with Jesus. [Beginning, at least, on Pentecost, if not confined to it, for then began that clearness of spiritual perception which goes on through the ages to the final glory. They shall realize the divine personality of Christ as never before. But they shall also realize, through the Holy Spirit, a divine exaltation for themselves which shall bring them into the most intimate spiritual relations with him.]
Fuente: Old and New Testaments Restoration Commentary
ye shall: Joh 14:10, Joh 10:38, Joh 17:7, Joh 17:11, Joh 17:21-23, Joh 17:26, 2Co 5:19, Col 1:19, Col 2:9
ye in: Joh 6:56, Joh 15:5-7, Rom 8:1, Rom 16:7, 1Co 1:30, 2Co 5:17, 2Co 12:2, 2Co 13:5, Gal 2:20, Eph 2:10, Col 1:27, 1Jo 4:12
Reciprocal: Exo 29:45 – General Deu 6:5 – God with all Jdg 13:23 – he have showed Joh 5:19 – The Son Joh 8:35 – but Joh 14:7 – ye Joh 14:9 – he Joh 15:4 – I Joh 17:22 – that Rom 8:10 – if Christ 1Co 8:6 – and we Eph 1:3 – in Christ Phi 3:8 – the excellency 1Jo 1:3 – our fellowship 1Jo 4:13 – General 1Jo 5:20 – and we
Fuente: The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
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At that day ye shall know. The apostles had professed faith in the promises of Jesus, but when the power of the Spirit was bestowed upon them, they would have personal evidence of the divine truth of them all.
Fuente: Combined Bible Commentary
Joh 14:20. In that day ye shall know that I am in my Father, and ye in me, and I in you. Not the particular day of the resurrection, or of Pentecost, or of the Second Coming, but the day beginning with the return of Jesus to His Father, when He shall send to His disciples the promised Advocate, the Spirit of the truth. Then in the knowledge of ever-deepening experience they shall know that the Son of man whom they had thought gone away is really in the bosom of His Father, glorified in the Father (comp. chap. Joh 13:31), that they are in Him thus glorified, and that He thus glorified is in them. So shall the end of all be attained, the perfect union in glory of Father, Son, and all believers, in one uninterrupted, unchanging, eternal unity (comp. Joh 17:21; Joh 17:23). It is of great importance to note the expression, Ye in me, and I in you. We cannot here follow out the thought, but we must not fail to notice that the fulness of the union referred to belongs only to the time of Jesus glorified. The limiting influences of the world, of the flesh, must be overpassed before that perfect union of all existence is reached which can be established only (for God is Spirit, chap. Joh 4:24) where the Spirit is the dominating, all-embracing, all-controlling element of being. Jesus says my Father, not the Father, because His personal union with the Father forms the basis of the wider and more glorious union here referred to.
Fuente: A Popular Commentary on the New Testament
Vv. 20, 21. In that day you shall know that I am in my Father and you in me and I in you. 21. He who has my commandments and keeps them, he it is who loves me; and he who loves me shall be loved by my Father, and I will love him and will manifest myself to him.
The absence of a particle between these words and the preceding and following ones betrays the emotion with which Jesus contemplates and foretells the decisive day of Pentecost. It is, in a new form, the reaffirmation of the same promise.
The expression that day indicates a precise moment, not a period, as Reuss thinks. And as the great circumstances of Jesus’ ministry connect themselves naturally with the Jewish feasts, and as the feast of the Passover, which was about to be the time of His death, was to be followed soon by that of Pentecost, there is nothing to prevent us from thinking, whatever Lucke, de Wette, Weiss, etc., may say, that the day of which He is here speaking was already in their view the day of Pentecost; comp. the , in a little while, Joh 14:19. However this may be, Jesus contrasts this day of the coming of the Spirit, whatever it is, with the present moment, when the disciples have so much difficulty in forming an idea of the relation of their Master to the Father (Joh 14:9-10). , you : from your own experience, and not only, as to-day, from my words. Comp. Joh 16:25. The object of this spiritual illumination of believers will be, first, the relation of Jesus to the Father; they will have a consciousness of Jesus as of a being who lives and acts in God, and in whom God lives and acts as in another self. This immediate consciousness of the relations between Jesus and God will spring from the living consciousness which they will receive of their own relation to Jesus; they will feel Him living in them and will feel themselves living in Him; and in the experience of this relation to Him (they transported into Him and He transported into them), they will understand that which He had said to them, without succeeding in making Himself understood, of what God is to Him and what He is to God. Then, finally, the transcendent fact of the communion between Jesus and God will become for them the object of a distinct perception through the immediate experience of their own communion with Jesus. These are the , the wonderful things of God, which Peter and the disciples celebrate in new tongues on the day of Pentecost.
Fuente: Godet Commentary (Luke, John, Romans and 1 Corinthians)
14:20 At that day ye shall know that I [am] {i} in my Father, and ye in me, and I in you.
(i) The Son is in the Father in such a way that he is of one selfsame substance with the Father, but he is in his disciples in a different way, as an aider and helper of them.
Fuente: Geneva Bible Notes
Jesus post-resurrection appearances would convince the Eleven of His deity. He described this condition as mutual abiding with the Father (cf. Joh 14:10-11). Moreover these appearances would also convince them of their union with Jesus. They would do so by confirming Jesus’ promises of their union with Him (Joh 14:13-14). Jesus expounded both abidings later (Joh 14:23-24; ch. 17).
Some interpreters take the day in view as referring to Pentecost. [Note: E.g., Tenney, "John," p. 147; and Blum, p. 324.] However because of the flow of the argument "that day" seems to refer to Easter rather than Pentecost.