Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Judges 5:25

He asked water, [and] she gave [him] milk; she brought forth butter in a lordly dish.

25. The original is more forcible:

Water he asked, milk she gave,

In a bowl fit for nobles she offered him curd.

A bowl of (i.e. fit for) nobles was a large, rich bowl. The word, only here and Jdg 6:38 in Hebr., is mentioned in Assyrian inscriptions as an object of plunder or tribute, e.g. a bowl was brought to Shalmaneser by Jehu (Schrader, COT. i. p. 199). Not butter, which the Bedouin do not use, but curdled milk is meant, a refreshing drink such as would be offered to a guest. Gen 18:8.

Fuente: The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

Butter – Rather curdled milk, probably a fermented and intoxicating drink. All these marks of respect and friendship would lull Sisera into security.

Fuente: Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible

Verse 25. She brought forth butter] As the word chemah, here translated butter, signifies disturbed, agitated, c., it is probable that buttermilk is intended. The Arabs form their buttermilk by agitating the milk in a leathery bag, and the buttermilk is highly esteemed because of its refreshing and cooling quality but there is no reason why we may not suppose that Jael gave him cream: Sisera was not only thirsty, but was also exhausted with fatigue; and nothing could be better calculated to quench his thirst, and restore his exhausted strength, than a bowl of cream. I am surprised that Mr. Harmer should see any difficulty in this. It is evident that Deborah wishes to convey the idea that Jael was more liberal and kind than Sisera had requested. He asked for water, and she brought him cream; and she brought it to him, not in an ordinary pitcher, but in the most superb dish or bowl which she possessed. See at the end of Jdg 4:24.

Fuente: Adam Clarke’s Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible

Butter, or, cream, i.e. the choicest of her milk; so the same thing is repeated in differing words.

In a lordly dish; which you are not to understand of such a stately and costly dish as the luxury of after-ages brought in, which is not agreeable to the simplicity, either of this family, or of those ancient times; but of a comely and convenient dish, the best which she had, and such as the better sort of persons then used.

Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole

25. buttercurdled milk; afavorite beverage in the East.

Fuente: Jamieson, Fausset and Brown’s Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

He asked water, and she gave him milk,…. That is, Sisera asked it of her, as the Targum expresses it, when he turned into her tent:

she brought him fresh butter in a lordly dish; which signifies either the same, the milk with cream on it, for that is meant by butter; or having first taken off the cream, she gave him milk to drink, and then brought the cream in a dish for him to eat, and thereby the more incline him to sleep; and this she brought in a dish fit for any lord or nobleman to eat out of; in such a polite and courteous manner did she use him, so that he could have no suspicion of her having any ill design against him. R. Jonah, as Kimchi notes, interprets this of a dish of the mighty or lordly ones, of the shepherds, the principal of the flock, as they are called in Jer 25:34, out of which they had used to drink their milk, or eat their cream, and such an one was likely enough to be Jael’s tent; from this Hebrew word “sepel”, here used, seems to come the Latin word “simpucium” or “simpulum”, used in things sacred, and which, according to Pliny t, was an earthen vessel; and so some of the Rabbins, as Kimchi observes, say, this was a new earthen vial; it is very probable it was a broad platter or dish fit for such an use.

t Nat. Hist. l. 35. c. 12.

Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible

25 He asked water, she gave him milk;

She handed him cream in the dish of nobles.

26 She stretched out her hand to the plug,

And her right hand to the workmen’s hammer,

And hammered Sisera, broke his head,

And dashed in pieces and pierced his temples.

27 Between her feet he bowed, he fell, he lay down:

Between her feet he bowed, he fell:

Where he bowed, there he fell down dead.

Assuming that the fact itself is well known, Deborah does not think it necessary to mention Sisera’s name in Jdg 5:25. , which generally signifies thick curdled milk, is used here as synonymous with , in the sense of good superior milk. is only used here and in Jdg 6:38, and signifies a bowl or vessel for holding liquids (see Arab., Chald, and Talm.; also Bochart, Hieroz, i. pp. 625ff., ed. Ros.). The dish of nobles is a fine costly bowl, such as they are accustomed to hand to noble guests. The whole verse is simply intended to express the thought, that Jael had given to her guest Sisera a friendly reception, and treated him honourably and hospitably, simply in order to make him feel secure.

Fuente: Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament

(25) Butter.Rather, curdled milk.

In a lordly dish.Rather, in a dish of the nobles: sephel, a splendid bowl, reserved for great occasions. All this was done to lull his suspicions into a false security.

Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)

25. A bowl of the nobles A costly bowl, such as only nobles were wont to use.

Curd Or, curdled milk, a common and favourite beverage in the East. The Septuagint, Vulgate, and English versions erroneously render the word butter.

Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments