Exegetical and Hermeneutical Commentary of Leviticus 22:18
Speak unto Aaron, and to his sons, and unto all the children of Israel, and say unto them, Whatsoever [he be] of the house of Israel, or of the strangers in Israel, that will offer his oblation for all his vows, and for all his freewill offerings, which they will offer unto the LORD for a burnt offering;
Or of the strangers; such as were proselytes.
For all his vows. See on Lev 7:16.
Fuente: English Annotations on the Holy Bible by Matthew Poole
Speak unto Aaron, and to his sons,…. The priests, whose work it was to offer sacrifices, and therefore it behoved them to know what kind and sort were to be offered by them, when brought to them:
and unto all the children of Israel: who were to bring the sacrifices, and for whom they were to be offered, and therefore should be acquainted with the nature and kind of what would be acceptable to God, and what not:
and say unto them, whatsoever [he be] of the house of Israel; this phrase includes women and servants, and even Gentiles, as say the Jewish writers q, who may vow vows, and make voluntary gifts, as well as the Israelites:
or of the strangers in Israel: those of other nations that dwelt there, either proselytes of the gate, or proselytes of righteousness, so Ben Gersom; and Aben Ezra observes, that the text speaks of the stranger, because there is some reason in the vows and freewill offerings of an Israelite and stranger, as follows:
that will offer his oblation for all his vows, and for all his freewill offerings, which they will offer unto the Lord for a burnt offering; the wise men, as Aben Ezra observes, distinguish between a vow and a freewill offering; every vow is a freewill offering, but every freewill offering is not a vow; and though these were both of them sorts of peace offerings, yet they were not received from Gentiles under that notion, but as burnt offerings, because they were offered in devotion to God, and not to be eaten by Israelites; so Maimonides r says, they do not receive from Gentiles but burnt offerings only, as it is said
Le 22:25, “neither from a stranger’s hand”, c. even burnt offerings of fowls they receive from a Gentile, though he be an idolater but they do not receive of them peace offerings, nor meat offerings, nor sin offerings, nor trespass offerings; and so burnt offerings, which do not come by way of a vow, or a freewill offering, they do not receive from Gentiles, as the burnt offering of a new mother and the like unto it; a Gentile that brings peace offerings, they offer them as burnt offerings, because the heart of the Gentile is towards heaven.
q T. Bab. Cholin, fol. 13. 2. Bartenora in Misn. Shekalim, c. 1. sect. 5. r Hilchot Maaseh Hakorbanot, c. 3. sect. 2, 3.
Fuente: John Gill’s Exposition of the Entire Bible
(18) And unto all the children of Israel.As the following laws presented the condition of the animals which the Israelites are to offer, they are addressed to the laity as well as to the priests.
Whatsoever he be.Better, what man soever there be, as it is translated in the Authorised version Lev. 17:3 (and see Note on Lev. 17:8).
Offer his oblation.Better, offer his offering, as the Authorised version translates it in Lev. 3:7; Lev. 3:14; Lev. 7:12; Lev. 17:4, &c. It is difficult to divine why the translators gave here a different rendering of a fixed sacrificial formula which it is important to reproduce uniformly in a translation.
For all his vows, and for all his freewill offerings.Better, for any manner of vow, or for any manner of freewill offering. That is, if an Israelite by race, or one who was originally a stranger but has joined the Jewish community, brings a sacrifice, be it in consequence of a vow which he has made, or be it a freewill offering. Both these kinds of sacrifices were entirely voluntary, and the difference between them is described in Lev. 7:16.
Fuente: Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers (Old and New Testaments)
ACCEPTABLE SACRIFICES, Lev 22:17-28.
18. Strangers in Israel For their religious privileges, see Lev 1:2, note. For their civil rights, see chap. 23, note.
Vows There are exigencies in the history of every man when he is impelled to make religious resolutions. For the character of the sacrifices prescribed for the release from the vow, and also for the freewill offerings, see Lev 7:11; Lev 7:16, notes.
Burnt offering See chapters 1 and Lev 6:9, notes.
Fuente: Whedon’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments
Whatsoever = what man soever. Hebrew. ‘ish ‘tsh. App-14,
offer = bring near. Hebrew. karab. App-43.
oblation = Hebrew. korban. App-43. Translated “offering”, Lev 3:7, Lev 3:14; Lev 7:12; Lev 17:4, &. c.
freewill offerings. Compare Psa 40:8. Joh 10:17, Joh 10:18; Joh 17:4. Php 1:2, Php 1:7, Php 1:8.
Fuente: Companion Bible Notes, Appendices and Graphics
Whatsoever: Lev 1:2, Lev 1:10, Lev 17:10, Lev 17:13
of the strangers: Num 15:14-16
vows: Lev 7:16, Lev 23:38, Num 15:3, Deu 12:6, Psa 22:25, Psa 56:12, Psa 61:5, Psa 61:8, Psa 65:1, Psa 66:13, Psa 116:14, Psa 116:18, Ecc 5:4, Jon 1:16, Jon 2:9, Nah 1:15, Act 18:18
freewill: Num 15:3, Deu 12:6, Deu 12:17, Deu 16:10
Reciprocal: Lev 7:11 – General Deu 12:26 – thy vows 2Ch 31:14 – the freewill Amo 4:5 – proclaim